Part of the Politics series |
Direct democracy |
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This is a list of votes held by major cities as part of a participatory budgeting process, where people living in the city are allowed to vote for a number of proposals, and the funded proposals are determined based on the votes. While not all participatory budgeting processes include a formal voting stage, it is a very common feature, particularly in Europe. [1] The list includes votes held in major cities with a population of at least 100,000 and a total amount equivalent to at least € 100,000 being voted on. To be included, the vote must be open to the whole public (rather than limited to a jury) and its results must be de facto binding on the government. The list also includes votes held by states, provinces, or countries, if they meet these criteria (this includes Portugal and some Australian states).
Many cities divide their available budget among city districts and allow each voter to vote only on proposals located in their district. [2] In effect, these are several independent votes happening simultaneously, but in the list, these sub-elections are merged into one. Some cities additionally hold a vote about city-wide proposals, and some allow voters to vote in several or all districts.
Participatory budgeting processes typically go through several stages (usually including soliciting proposals, selecting proposals, voting on proposals, and implementation), [2] [3] and this can take several years. There are different conventions of which year to use in referring to a particular process (e.g. some cities use the year in which the vote occurs, and others the year in which project implementation starts). [4] In the table, the year refers to the year of the last day on which voters can cast their votes.
The list includes a brief description of the voting systems employed in the vote. This includes a choice of ballot format specifying how voters can indicate their preferences. The table uses the following terms to describe common choices: [5] [6]
Cities then use a system to decide on the winning proposals. Typically this is done by sorting proposals by the number of votes the proposal received, and then repeatedly selecting the proposals with the highest number until the available budget runs out. [3] Some cities also impose additional constraints on the process (such as a maximum amount that can be spent in any single neighborhood, or a minimum amount that must be spent in a certain category of projects) or use a more complicated participatory budgeting rule (see Combinatorial participatory budgeting for detailed descriptions of common aggregation rules).
City | Year | Population | Voters | Budget | Proposals (elected) | Voting system | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | 2019 | 8,095,430 | 61,437 [7] | A$ 24,700,000 [7] | 1500 (248) [8] | Rank 3–5 projects. [8] | Ranks get converted into points (10, 5, 3, 2, 1 points). Each electorate was allocated the same amount of funding, and voting and decisions were done separately in each electorate. [8] |
![]() | 2018 | 6,497,700 [9] | 95,000 [10] | A$ 30,000,000 [10] | 2300 (237) [10] | 3-approval among projects near (5 km/50 km) living place. [11] | At most 50% of a region's budget can be spent in one locality. [11] |
![]() | 2018 | 1,208,542 | 2,045 [12] | € 134,070 [12] | 18 (10) [12] | Knapsack vote, city-wide. [13] | |
![]() | 2021 | 1,762,949 | 20,017 [14] | CA$ 25,000,000 [15] | 35 (12) [14] | 5-approval. | Budget was increased from 10 million to 25 million after the vote. |
![]() | 2021 | 658,864 | 47,064 [16] | € 8,800,000 [17] | 396 (75) [18] | Knapsack vote, city-wide and 1 district. [19] | |
![]() | 2019 | 658,864 | 40,264 [20] | € 4,400,000 [21] | 296 (44) [22] | ||
![]() | 2022 | 139,926 | € 1,300,000 [23] | 42 (19) [24] | Rank 3 projects (3 points to the first-ranked / 2 points to the second-ranked / 1 point to the third-ranked). [23] | Select the highest ranking project in each district, then follow complicated rules for the remaining budget. [23] | |
![]() | 2022 | 158,198 | 4,825 [25] | € 800,000 [26] | 27 (7) [25] | Vote for 6 projects. [27] | |
![]() | 2020 | 158,198 | 4,711 [28] | € 800,000 [28] | 29 (12) [28] | Vote for 6 projects. [29] | |
![]() | 2019 | 158,198 | 6,463 [30] | € 800,000 [30] | 21 (9) [31] | Vote for 5 projects. [32] | |
![]() | 2018 | 158,198 | 5,625 [33] | € 800,000 [34] | 23 (6) [33] [34] | Vote for 1 large project (> €200k) and 4 small projects (< €200k). [34] | 1 large project wins, and as many small projects as the budget allows. |
![]() | 2017 | 158,198 | 3,500 [35] | € 800,000 [36] | 25 (9) [37] | Vote for 1 large project (> €200k) and 6 small projects (< €200k). [36] | 1 large project wins, and as many small projects as the budget allows. |
![]() | 2016 | 158,198 | 7,073 [38] | € 800,000 | 26 (13) [39] [38] | Vote for 2 large projects (> €100k) and 5 small projects (< €100k). [40] | |
![]() | 2015 | 158,198 | 998 [41] | € 800,000 [42] | 19 (9) [41] | Rank 2 of the large projects (> €100k) and 4 of the small projects (< €100k). [42] | |
![]() | 2022 | 234,475 | 7,029 [43] | € 2,000,000 [44] | 70 (20) [43] | 5-approval. [45] | € 500,000 reserved for projects proposed by minors. [45] |
![]() | 2022 | 522,969 | 6,000 [46] | € 12,500,000 [47] | 217 (110) [48] [49] | 10-approval. [50] | Voters have to vote for at least 3 projects. They can vote for projects in all districts, each of which has a separate maximum budget that can be spent on projects from that district. [51] |
![]() | 2023 | 2,165,423 | € 75,960,000 [52] | Grade projects on a 4-point scale. [53] | Majority judgment. [53] | ||
![]() | 2022 | 2,165,423 | 142,122 [54] | € 82,000,000 [54] | 204 (62) [54] | Grade projects on a 4-point scale. [53] | Select a fixed number (2 or 3) of projects in each district with the highest median score (majority judgment). [53] |
![]() | 2021 | 2,165,423 | 106,326 [55] | € 75,000,000 [55] | 217 (62) [55] | Grade projects on a 4-point scale. [53] | Select a fixed number (2 or 3) of projects in each district with the highest median score (majority judgment). [53] |
![]() | 2019 | 2,165,423 | 143,822 [56] | € 100,000,000 [57] | 430 (192) [56] | 4-approval for city-wide and 4-approval for district projects. [58] | |
![]() | 2018 | 2,165,423 | 127,880 [59] | € 88,000,000 [60] | 457 (180) [59] | 4-approval for city-wide and 4-approval for district projects. [58] | |
![]() | 2017 | 2,165,423 | 98,269 [61] | € 92,000,000 [62] | 484 (196) [61] | 5-approval for city-wide and 5-approval for district projects. [58] | |
![]() | 2016 | 2,165,423 | 92 808 [58] | € 94,100,000 [63] | 624 (219) [64] [65] | 5-approval for city-wide and 5-approval for district projects. [58] | A minimum of 30 million euros must be allocated to projects in working-class neighborhoods. |
![]() | 2015 | 2,165,423 | 66,870 [58] | € 67,700,000 [63] | 624 (188) [66] | 5-approval for city-wide and 5-approval for district projects. [58] | |
![]() | 2014 | 2,165,423 | 40,745 [58] | € 17,700,000 [63] | 15 (9) [67] | 5-approval for city-wide projects. [58] | |
![]() | 2021 | 113,116 | 5,585 [68] | € 1,000,000 [69] | 86 (24) [70] | Rank 3 projects in district and city-wide. [69] | Gives 3/2/1 points to the ranked projects. [68] |
![]() | 2021 | 287,228 | € 2,000,000 [71] | 68 (19) [45] [72] | Spread 5 points among projects. [73] | ||
![]() | 2019 | 287,228 | 2,208 [74] | € 1,000,000 [45] | 68 (31) [45] | Spread 5 points among projects. [74] | Winner selection somewhat ad hoc. [75] |
![]() | 2022 | 493,465 | 4,532 [76] | € 8,000,000 [77] | 200 (83) [76] | 3-approval city-wide. [78] | Each district has a budget of € 300,000. The remaining € 2,000,000 can be used for projects from any district. [78] |
![]() | 2019 | 493,465 | 1,494 [79] | € 1,000,000 [79] | 30 (14) [80] | Spread 7 points across projects, with each project getting at most 3 points. [81] | Budget was raised from € 850,000 after the vote ended to fund more projects. [79] |
![]() | 2021 | 355,004 | 6,000 [82] | € 200,000 [83] | 31 (6) [83] | 5-approval city-wide. [84] | The budget was partially contributed by private partners. € 20,000 of the budget was set aside for micro-projects with cost under € 2,000. Shortlisting projects was partially achieved via a separate vote. |
![]() | 2022 | 1,752,286 | 21,858 [85] | 1,000,000,000 Ft [86] | 49 (18) [85] | Projects come in three categories, vote for exactly 1 large project and 1 small project in each category. [87] | |
![]() | 2021 | 1,752,286 | 13,344 [88] | 1,000,000,000 Ft [88] | 53 (15) [88] | Projects come in three categories, vote for exactly 1 project in each category. [89] | |
![]() | 2021 | 133,262 [90] | 18,389 [91] | ISK 850,000,000 [91] | 277 (111) [91] | Knapsack vote with option to "star" one project, giving it 2 votes [92] | |
![]() | 2019 | 128,793 [90] | 13,608 [93] | ISK 450,000,000 [93] | 239 (91) [94] [93] | Knapsack vote with option to "star" one project, giving it 2 votes [95] | |
![]() | 2018 | 126,041 [90] | 13,003 [96] | ISK 450,000,000 [97] | 238 (88) [97] | Knapsack vote with option to "star" one project, giving it 2 votes [98] | |
![]() | 2017 | 123,246 [90] | 11,113 [99] | ISK 450,000,000 [99] | 230 (76) [100] | Knapsack vote with option to "star" one project, giving it 2 votes [101] | |
![]() | 2016 | 122,460 [90] | 9,292 [102] | ISK 455,700,000 [103] | 190 (112) [103] | Knapsack vote [104] | |
![]() | 2020 | 394,843 | 22,247 [105] | € 2,000,000 [105] | 79 (24) [106] | Choose 1 redevelopment (investment) project, and 1 neighborhood priority. [105] | For redevelopment projects, the most voted proposal of each district is implemented. For neighborhood priorities, the top 3 of each district are implemented and are funded with 75,000, 55,000 and 28,000 euros, respectively. [105] |
![]() | 2018 | 394,843 | 16,348 [107] | € 1,000,000 [108] | 33 (6) [107] | Choose 1 project. [109] | For each district, the most voted project of each district is implemented. [108] |
![]() | 2017 | 394,843 | 14,584 [110] | € 1,000,000 [110] | 27 (6) [110] | Choose 1 project. [111] | For each district, the most voted project of each district is implemented. [112] |
![]() | 2018 | 1,396,059 | 17,627 [113] | € 4,500,000 [114] | 47 (12) [113] | 3-approval. [115] | 3 projects funded with reduced budget. [113] |
![]() | 2019 | 2,860,009 | 16,993 [116] | € 20,000,000 [116] | 111 (65) [116] | 3-approval, city-wide. [117] | Focussed on urban decor. [118] Budget allocation to districts was partially based on district area. Bonus budget went to the district with highest turnout. |
![]() | 2022 | 660,187 | 42,692 [119] | € 693,000 [119] | 30 (11) [119] | Knapsack vote. [119] | |
![]() | 2021 | 660,187 | 19,011 [120] | € 606,032 [120] | 22 (10) [120] | Knapsack vote. [120] | |
![]() | 2020 | 660,187 | 23,915 [121] | € 500,000 [121] | 15 (6) [121] | Knapsack vote. [121] | |
![]() | 2019 | 660,187 | 10,065 [122] | € 494,797 [122] | 14 (6) [122] | Knapsack vote. [122] | |
![]() | 2022 | 486,271 [123] | 41,217 [124] | 22,063,118 zł [125] | 305 (117) [126] | Choose 1 city-wide project, 1 city-wide green project, 1 district green project, and spread 5 points across projects in any district. [127] | |
![]() | 2021 | 486,271 [123] | 43,190 [128] | 20,830,669 zł [129] | 387 (121) [128] | Choose 1 city-wide project, 1 city-wide green project, 1 district green project, and spread 5 points across projects in any district. [128] | Projects need at least 200 points to win (400 points for city-wide projects). [130] |
![]() | 2020 | 486,542 [123] | 40,383 [131] | 18,428,001 zł [131] | 357 (115) [132] | Choose 1 city-wide project, 1 city-wide green project, 1 district green project, and spread 5 points across projects in any district. [133] | |
![]() | 2019 | 470,907 [123] | 53,025 [134] | 18,543,609 zł [135] | 331 (75) [134] | Choose 1 city-wide project, and spread 5 points across projects in any district. [134] | |
![]() | 2018 | 466,631 [123] | 48,760 [136] | 19,549,000 zł [137] | 319 (82) [136] | Choose 1 city-wide project, and spread 5 points across projects in any district. [138] | Projects must receive at least 100 votes to win. Unused funds are saved for the following year. [139] |
![]() | 2017 | 464,254 [123] | 44,655 [140] | 14,000,000 zł [141] | 297 (103) [141] | Choose 1 city-wide project, and spread 5 points across projects in any district. [140] | |
![]() | 2016 | 463,754 [123] | 36,971 [142] | 12,500,000 zł [142] | 254 (91) [142] | Choose 1 city-wide project, and spread 5 points across projects in any district. [143] | |
![]() | 2021 | 243,918 | 25,532 [144] | 11,148,564 zł [144] | 297 (123) [144] | 3-approval for city, district (small projects), district (large projects) [145] | One project was partially funded by a donor who contributed 356 zł [145] |
![]() | 2020 | 243,918 | 28,943 [146] | 10,608,600 zł [146] | 281 (130) [146] | 3-approval for city, district (small projects), district (large projects) [147] | |
![]() | 2019 | 243,918 | 31,263 [148] | 10,178,864 zł [148] | 275 (117) [148] | Rank 5 projects in city and in district. [149] | City and district councils decided to fund some projects that did not fit in the available budget. |
![]() | 2018 | 243,918 | 30,301 [150] | 5,898,400 zł [150] | 97 (31) [150] | Rank 5 projects in district. [151] | As incentive, the district with the highest turnout gets an extra "+1" project funded. |
![]() | 2017 | 243,918 | 36,525 [152] | 5,310,198 zł [152] | 132 (32) [152] | Rank 5 projects in district. [153] | As incentive, the district with the highest turnout gets an extra "+1" project funded. |
![]() | 2016 | 243,918 | 44,167 [154] | 5,203,543 zł [154] | 141 (31) [154] | Rank 5 projects in district (5 points for the top rank, 4 points for the second rank, etc). [155] | As incentive, the district with the highest turnout gets an extra "+1" project funded. |
![]() | 2015 | 243,918 | 47,612 [156] | 4,597,796 zł [157] | 177 (40) [158] | Knapsack vote. [155] | |
![]() | 2014 | 243,918 | 40,863 [159] | 3,000,000 zł [159] | 234 (41) [159] | Knapsack vote. [160] | Unspent funds (in 2014, 597,796 zł) carry over to the next year. 11 of the 41 winning projects concerned the development of outdoor gyms. |
![]() | 2021 | 782,137 | 51,229 [161] | 35,000,000 zł [161] | 596 (180) [161] | Rank 3 projects in city and in district. [162] | |
![]() | 2020 | 782,137 | 44,800 [163] | 32,000,000 zł [163] | 574 (195) [163] | Rank 3 projects in city and in district. [164] | |
![]() | 2019 | 782,137 | 50,004 [165] | 30,000,000 zł [165] | 557 (171) [166] | Rank 3 projects in city and in district. [167] | Voters were entered into a lottery to win 100 tablet computers. [167] |
![]() | 2021 | 529,410 [123] | 85,115 [168] | 22,000,000 zł [169] | 150 (35) [168] | Choose 1 city-wide project, 1 green project, 2 district projects. [169] | Separate district elections plus city-wide and green election. |
![]() | 2020 | 532,048 [123] | 87,575 [170] | 21,000,000 zł [170] | 175 (34) [170] | Choose 1 city-wide project, 1 green project, 2 district projects. [171] | Separate district elections plus city-wide and green election. |
![]() | 2019 | 534,813 [123] | 68,089 [172] | 21,000,000 zł [173] | 239 (35) [173] | Choose 1 city-wide project, and 2 district projects. [174] | Separate district elections plus city-wide election. |
![]() | 2018 | 536,438 [123] | 55,631 [175] | 20,000,000 zł [175] | 259 (30) [176] | Choose 1 city-wide project, and 2 district projects. [177] | Separate district elections plus city-wide election. |
![]() | 2022 | 1,792,718 [178] | 93,539 [179] | 93,575,094 zł [179] | 1429 (349) [179] | 15-approval in district, 10-approval city-wide. [180] | |
![]() | 2021 | 1,792,718 [178] | 109,025 [181] | 83,000,000 zł [181] | 1503 (359) [181] | 15-approval in district, 10-approval city-wide. [182] | |
![]() | 2020 | 1,794,166 [178] | 105,822 [183] | 83,000,000 zł [183] | 1425 (414) [183] | 15-approval in district, 10-approval city-wide. [184] | |
![]() | 2019 | 1,790,658 [178] | 89,807 [185] | 64,000,000 zł [186] | 1628 (850) [186] | Knapsack vote. Vote for projects in a single neighborhood. [187] | In some districts, can vote (knapsack) for the district and vote (knapsack) for a neighborhood. |
![]() | 2018 | 1,777,972 [178] | 117,381 [188] | 61,419,912 zł [188] | 1808 (881) [188] | ||
![]() | 2017 | 1,764,615 [178] | 128,406 [189] | 58,588,894 zł [189] | 1749 (770) [189] | Knapsack vote. Vote for projects in a single neighborhood. [190] | In some districts, can vote (knapsack) for the district and vote (knapsack) for a neighborhood. |
![]() | 2016 | 1,753,977 [178] | 172,395 [191] | 51,000,000 zł [191] | 1464 (644) [191] | Knapsack vote. Vote for projects in a single neighborhood. [192] | In some districts, can vote (knapsack) for the district and vote (knapsack) for a neighborhood. |
![]() | 2015 | 1,744,351 [178] | 166,893 [193] | 26,000,000 zł [194] | 1390 (336) [194] | 5-approval. Vote for projects in a single neighborhood. [195] | In some districts, can vote (5-approval) for the district and vote (5-approval) for a neighborhood. |
![]() | 2022 | 642,687 [123] | 86,750 [196] | 30,000,000 zł [197] | 170 (17) [198] | Choose 1 local project and 1 global project. [197] | Separate budget limit for local and global projects, but no separate elections per district. |
![]() | 2021 | 642,687 [123] | 89,933 [199] | 25,000,000 zł [200] | 173 (20) [201] | Choose 1 local project and 1 global project. [200] | Separate budget limit for local and global projects, but no separate elections per district. |
![]() | 2020 | 641,928 [123] | 95,206 [202] | 25,000,000 zł [203] | 199 (20) [204] | Choose 1 local project and 1 global project. [203] | Separate budget limit for local and global projects, but no separate elections per district. |
![]() | 2019 | 642,869 [123] | 86,484 [205] | 25,000,000 zł [206] | 235 (20) [207] | Choose 1 local project and 1 global project. [206] | Separate budget limit for local and global projects, but no separate elections per district. |
![]() | 2018 | 640,648 [123] | 68,670 [208] | 25,250,000 zł [209] | 263 (63) [210] | Choose 1 small local project, 1 large local project, 2 city-wide projects, 1 monument project. [209] | Each district is allocated the same budget. |
![]() | 2017 | 638,586 [123] | 97,043 [211] | 25,000,000 zł [212] | 372 (64) [213] | Choose 1 small local project, 1 large local project, 2 city-wide projects. [212] | Each district is allocated the same budget. |
![]() | 2021 | 664,071 [123] | 87,397 [214] | 26,000,000 zł [214] | 716 (257) [215] | 5-approval for local projects and 5-approval for global projects. [214] | Separate district elections plus city-wide election. Voter can vote for local projects in two districts. |
![]() | 2020 | 672,185 [123] | 68,329 [216] | 24,000,000 zł [217] | 601 (242) [217] [216] | 5-approval for local projects and 5-approval for global projects. [217] | Separate district elections plus city-wide election. Voter can vote for local projects in two districts. |
![]() | 2019 | 679,941 [123] | 162,658 [218] | 50,000,000 zł [218] | 1043 (261) [218] | 5-approval. [219] | Separate district elections. Voter can vote for local projects in all districts. |
![]() | 2018 | 685,285 [123] | 113,764 [220] | 40,000,000 zł [221] | 837 (235) [220] [222] | 5-approval for local projects and 5-approval for global projects. [223] | Separate district elections plus city-wide election. Voter can vote for local projects in one district. |
![]() | 2017 | 690,422 [123] | 97,974 [224] | 40,000,000 zł [225] | 730 (233) [225] | 5-approval for local projects and 5-approval for global projects. [226] | Separate district elections plus city-wide election. Voter can vote for local projects in one district. |
![]() | 2018 | 10,276,617 | 71,125 [227] [lower-alpha 2] | € 5,000,000 [228] | 691 (22) [228] | Choose 1 nation-wide project and 1 regional project. [229] | Could vote online or by SMS. |
![]() | 2017 | 10,291,027 | 45,000 [230] [lower-alpha 2] | € 3,000,000 [231] | 599 (38) [231] | Choose 1 nation-wide project and 1 regional project. [232] | Could vote online or by SMS. |
![]() | 2021 | 1,620,343 | 39,433 [233] | € 30,000,000 [234] | 184 (76) [234] | Knapsack vote. Each voter can vote in their district of residence and a second freely chosen district. | |
![]() | 2022 | 3,223,334 | 36,265 [235] | € 50,000,000 [236] | 209 (132) [235] [237] | Knapsack vote with negative votes. [238] Negative votes subtract 0.33 points. | |
![]() | 2019 | 3,223,334 | 32,418 [239] | € 100,000,000 [240] | 693 (369) [239] | Knapsack vote. [241] | |
![]() | 2018 | 3,223,334 | 56,082 [242] | € 100,000,000 [243] | 702 (328) [242] [244] | Knapsack vote. [245] | |
![]() | 2017 | 3,223,334 | 38,866 [246] | € 100,000,000 [247] | 720 (311) [246] [248] | Knapsack vote. | |
![]() | 2016 | 3,223,334 | 32,817 [249] | € 60,000,000 [247] | 623 (206) [249] [250] | Knapsack vote. | |
![]() | 2021 | 789,744 | 20,611 [251] | € 8,000,000 [252] | 283 (139) [251] | Knapsack vote. [253] | |
![]() | 2019 | 789,744 | 14,530 [254] | € 8,000,000 [254] | 63 (21) [254] | Knapsack vote. | Single city-wide election. [254] |
![]() | 2018 | 789,744 | 14,455 [255] | € 8,000,000 [255] | 202 (103) [255] | Knapsack vote. | |
![]() | 2017 | 789,744 | 12,987 [256] | € 7,000,000 [256] | 47 (7) [256] | Knapsack vote. | Single city-wide election. |
![]() | 2017 | 789,744 | 12,407 [257] | € 7,000,000 [257] | 115 (71) [257] | Knapsack vote. | |
![]() | 2022 | 139,111 | 18,355 [258] | CHF 175,000 [259] | 21 (12) [258] | Approval vote. | Need to vote for at least 3 projects, no maximum. [260] |
![]() | 2021 | 139,111 | 3,078 [261] | CHF 175,000 [261] | 15 (11) [261] | Knapsack vote. | CHF 12,928 were left unspent. [261] |
![]() | 2021 | 434,335 | 1,804 [262] | CHF 540,000 [262] | 135 (61) [262] | Knapsack vote in one of 4 districts. | |
![]() | 2021 | 118,403 | 7,441 [263] | US$ 1,000,000 [263] | 20 (7) [263] | 5-approval. [264] | Budget overshot to fund 7th project. |
![]() | 2020 | 118,403 | 7,250 [265] | US$ 500,000 [266] | 16 (7) [265] | 5-approval. [264] | Budget overshot to US$ 525,000. |
![]() | 2019 | 118,403 | 7,602 [267] | US$ 1,000,000 [267] | 20 (8) [267] | 5-approval. [267] | Budget overshot to US$ 1,125,000. |
![]() | 2018 | 118,403 | 6,849 [268] | US$ 900,000 [268] | 20 (6) [268] | 5-approval. [268] | Budget overshot to US$ 925,000. |
![]() | 2017 | 118,403 | 6,778 [269] | US$ 800,000 [269] | 20 (7) [269] | 5-approval. [269] | Budget overshot to US$ 867,000. |
![]() | 2016 | 118,403 | 4,730 [270] | US$ 700,000 [271] | 20 (7) [270] | 5-approval. [270] | Budget overshot to US$ 706,000. |
![]() | 2015 | 118,403 | 4,184 [272] | US$ 600,000 [272] | 23 (7) [272] | 6-approval. [272] | One project's budget was reduced to fit in the budget. [273] |
![]() | 2015 | 118,403 | 2,727 [274] | US$ 500,000 [275] | 20 (6) [274] | 5-approval. [274] | Pilot. Budget overshot to US$ 528,000. |
![]() | 2019 | 299,035 | 3,961 [276] | US$ 500,000 [277] | 26 (20) [278] | Some projects received partial funding to fit within the budget. 5 separate district elections. | |
![]() | 2019 | 5,080,147 [lower-alpha 4] | 118,308 [280] | US$ 39,000,000 [280] | 346 (145) [281] | 5-approval. | Residents of 32 city council districts were able to vote on projects in their district. |
![]() | 2018 | 4,288,042 [lower-alpha 4] | 99,252 [282] | US$ 28,500,000 [282] | 303 (122) [283] | 5-approval. | Residents of 27 city council districts were able to vote on projects in their district. |
![]() | 2017 | 4,772,217 [lower-alpha 4] | 102,800 [284] | US$ 40,000,000 [284] | 394 (138) [284] | 5-approval. [285] | Residents of 31 city council districts were able to vote on projects in their district. |
![]() | 2016 | 4,408,140 [lower-alpha 4] | 67,690 [286] | US$ 38,295,700 [286] | 379 (132) [286] | 5-approval. | Residents of 28 city council districts were able to vote on projects in their district. |
![]() | 2015 | 3,806,281 [lower-alpha 4] | 51,362 [287] | US$ 32,459,025 [287] | 348 (114) [288] [289] | 5-approval. | Residents of 24 city council districts were able to vote on projects in their district. |
![]() | 2021 | 126,090 | 1,909 [290] | US$ 500,000 [291] | 11 (8) [290] | ||
![]() | 2019 | 126,090 | US$ 1,000,000 [292] | 12 (9) [292] | 2-approval. [293] | ||
![]() | 2018 | 126,090 | 5,205 [294] | US$ 1,000,000 [295] | 10 (10) [295] | 2-approval. [296] | 1 project received partial funding. |
![]() | 2017 | 126,090 | 4,216 [297] | US$ 1,000,000 [298] | 19 (4) [299] | 4-approval. [300] | |
![]() | 2015 | 126,090 | 3,098 [301] | US$ 1,000,000 [301] | 25 (5) [301] | Vote for 1 of 2 "people projects" and for 4 of 17 "infrastructure projects". [302] | |
![]() | 2014 | 126,090 | 3,098 [303] | US$ 2,440,000 [303] | 42 (8) [303] | 5-approval. [304] | |
![]() | 2013 | 126,090 | 3,917 [305] | US$ 3,200,000 [305] | 33 (12) [305] | 6-approval. [306] |
Gdańsk is a city on the Baltic coast of northern Poland, and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. With a population of 486,492, it is Poland's sixth-largest city and principal seaport. Gdańsk lies at the mouth of the Motława River and is situated at the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay, close to the city of Gdynia and resort town of Sopot; these form a metropolitan area called the Tricity (Trójmiasto), with a population of approximately 1.5 million.
Gdynia is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With an estimated population of 257 000, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in the Pomeranian Voivodeship after Gdańsk. Gdynia is part of a conurbation with the spa town of Sopot, the city of Gdańsk, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the Tricity (Trójmiasto) with around one million inhabitants.
Wrocław is a city in southwestern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, roughly 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Sudeten Mountains to the south. As of 2023, the official population of Wrocław is 674,132 making it the third largest city in Poland. The population of the Wrocław metropolitan area is around 1.25 million.
The Polish People's Party is an agrarian political party in Poland. It is currently led by Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz.
Łódź is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located 120 km (75 mi) south-west of Warsaw. As of 2023, Łódź has a population of 655,279, making it the country's fourth largest city.
Vallejo is a city in Solano County, California and the second largest city in the North Bay region of the Bay Area. Located on the shores of San Pablo Bay, the city had a population of 126,090 at the 2020 census. Vallejo is home to the California Maritime Academy, Touro University California and Six Flags Discovery Kingdom.
Lublin is the ninth-largest city in Poland and the second-largest city of historical Lesser Poland. It is the capital and the centre of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 336,339. Lublin is the largest Polish city east of the Vistula River, located 153 km (95 mi) to the southeast of Warsaw.
Wałbrzych is a city located in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland, seat of Wałbrzych County. Wałbrzych lies approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of the voivodeship capital Wrocław and about 30 kilometres from the Czech border. Wałbrzych has the status of municipality. Its administrative borders encompass an area of 85 km2 (33 sq mi) with 110,000 inhabitants, making it the second-largest city in the voivodeship and the 33rd largest in the country.
The 1970 Polish protests, also known as the December 1970 Events, occurred in northern Poland during 14–19 December 1970. The protests were sparked by a sudden increase in the prices of food and other everyday items. Strikes were put down by the Polish People's Army and the Citizen's Militia, resulting in at least 44 people killed and more than 1,000 wounded.
The Free City of Danzig was a city-state under the protection and oversight of the League of Nations between 1920 and 1939, consisting of the Baltic Sea port of Danzig and nearly 200 other small localities in the surrounding areas. The polity was created on 15 November 1920 in accordance with the terms of Article 100 of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles after the end of World War I.
Participatory budgeting (PB) is a type of citizen sourcing in which ordinary people decide how to allocate part of a municipal or public budget through a process of democratic deliberation and decision-making. Participatory budgeting allows citizens or residents of a locality to identify, discuss, and prioritize public spending projects, and gives them the power to make real decisions about how money is spent.
The Medical University of Gdańsk is the largest medical academic institution in northern Poland. It educates more than 5000 undergraduate and postgraduate students in four faculties.
Poznań Główny, anglicised to Poznan Main, is the chief railway station for the city of Poznań, Poland's fifth-largest city, and capital of the Greater Poland Province.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Gdańsk, Poland.
Aneta Szyłak was a Polish art curator, art critic and art lecturer. She was the first director of the Łaźnia Center for Contemporary Art in Gdansk (1998-2001), founder and director of the Wyspa Institute of Art, organizer and first manager of Nomus - New Museum of Art. She curated exhibitions in Poland and abroad, animated the artistic life of Gdansk, and was the author or co-author of numerous publications on contemporary art.
The Polish Sejm crisis was a period of political stalemate in Poland's national legislature from 16 December 2016 to 12 January 2017, resulting from an attempt to limit freedom of the press at the Sejm buildings in Warsaw, Poland. The attempt to reorganize press access to Sejm members, certain chambers and deliberations led to protests by opposition-party Sejm members, and by pro-opposition citizens of Poland's major cities, including Warsaw.
As of 2015, over 1,500 instances of participatory budgeting (PB) have been implemented across the five continents. While the democratic spirit of PB remains the same throughout the world, institutional variations abound.
Lucía de Lourdes Sosa Robinzon is an Ecuadorian teacher, engineer, and politician, who was prefect of Esmeraldas Province from 2005 to 2013 and 2014 to 2018, and was mayor of the city of the same name from 2019 to 2023.
The 2022–23 Lechia Gdańsk season is the club's 79th season of existence, and their 15th continuous in the top flight of Polish football. The season covers the period from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023.
Jolanta Maria Banach is a Polish politician, teacher, member of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Sejm terms, 2001-2003 Secretary of State in the Ministry of Labor and Social Policy of Poland, and 2003-2004 Secretary of State in the Ministry of Economy, Labor and Social Policy of Poland.
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