Born in Strasbourg
Before 1750
- Eric of Friuli (8th century), Frankish duke of Friuli
- Hugh Ripelin of Strasburg (ca. 1205–ca. 1270), theologian
- Johannes Tauler (1300–1361), mystic and theologian
- Fritsche Closener (died before 1373), priest, historian
- Rulman Merswin (ca. 1307–1382), mystic
- Jakob Twinger von Königshofen (1346–1420), chronicler
- Martin Schott (d. 1499), printer
- Johannes Schott (1477–1550), printer
- Hieronymus Brunschwig (ca. 1450–ca. 1512), surgeon, alchemist and botanist
- Sebastian Brant (1457–1521), satirical poet and humanist
- Ottmar Luscinius (1478–1537), theologian and humanist
- Hans Kotter (1480–1541), composer and organist
- Wilhelm Stetter (1487–1552), painter and priest
- Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck (1489–1553), Protestant statesman and reformist
- Andreas Cratander (1490–1540), printer
- Katharina Zell (1497–1568), Protestant writer
- Jacob Micyllus (1503–1558), humanist and teacher
- Martin Schalling the Younger (1532–1608), Protestant theologian and writer
- Daniel Specklin (1536–1589), architect, engineer and cartographer
- Johann Fischart (1545–1591), satirical author
- Johannes Piscator (1546–1625), theologian and translator
- Johann Theodor de Bry (1561–1623), engraver and publisher
- Sebastian Stoskopff (1597–1657), painter
- Johann Wilhelm Baur (1607–1640), engraver, etcher and miniature painter
- Albrecht Kauw (1621–1681), painter
- Marie Luise von Degenfeld (1634–1677), morganatic second wife of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
- Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler (1640–1693)
- Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (1674–1735)
- Friedrich Ludwig, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1688–1750)
- Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken (1721–1774)
- Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser (1724–1797), Austrian field marshal
- Johann Georg Roederer (1726–1763), physician and obstetrician
- Richard François Philippe Brunck (1729–1803), French classical scholar
- Jean-Joseph Rodolphe (1730–1812), horn player, violinist and composer
- Jérémie-Jacques Oberlin (1735–1806), philologist and archaeologist
- François Christophe Kellermann (1735–1820), French marshall
- Christoph Wilhelm von Koch (1737–1813), diplomat, politician, librarian and writer
- Philippe Rühl (1737–1795), politician
- Ludwig Heinrich von Nicolay (1737–1820), poet and President of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences
- Philip James de Loutherbourg (1740–1812), painter
- Jean-Frédéric Oberlin (1740–1826), pastor and philanthropist
- Johann Christian von Mannlich (1741–1822), painter and architect
- Heinrich Leopold Wagner (1747–1779), writer
- Philippe Friedrich Dietrich (1748–1793), scholar and politician
- Jean-Frédéric Edelmann (1749–1794), composer
- Johan Peter Rottler (1749–1836), missionary and botanist
- Johann von Türckheim (1749–1824), diplomat
Between 1750 and 1900
- Sébastien Érard (1752–1837), instrument maker
- Philippe-André Grandidier (1752–1787), priest and historian
- Bernard-Frédéric de Turckheim (1752–1831), politician
- Jean Baptiste Kléber (1753–1800), architect and general
- Jean-François Barbier (1754–1828), general
- Louis Ramond de Carbonnières (1755–1827), politician, geologist and botanist
- Antoinette Saint-Huberty (1756–1812), opera singer
- Christophe Guérin (1758–1831), engraver and painter
- François Andrieux (1759–1833), playwright and poet
- Jacques Widerkehr (1759–1823), cellist and composer
- Joseph Ludwig Colmar (1760–1818), bishop of Mainz
- Christian Kramp (1760–1826), mathematician
- Marie Tussaud (1761–1850), founder of Madame Tussauds
- Johann Jakob Humann (1771–1834) Roman Catholic clergyman
- Charles-Joseph Christiani (1772–1840), Maréchal de camp of the French Army
- Louis-François Lejeune (1775–1848), general, painter, and lithographer
- Jean-Baptiste Schwilgué (1776–1856), clockmaker
- Chrétien Géofroy Nestler (1778–1832), botanist and pharmacist
- Johann Georg Daniel Arnold (1780–1829), lawyer and writer
- Samson Cerfberr (1780–1826), soldier and author
- Jean-Georges Humann (1780–1842), statesman
- Jean-Frédéric de Turckheim (1780–1850), politician
- Gustave Vogt (1781–1870), oboist and composer
- Nicholas-Henri Schreider (1783–1832), champagne maker
- Maximilien Joseph Schauenburg (1784–1838), military officer
- Ludwig I of Bavaria (1786–1868)
- Camille Pleyel (1788–1855), piano manufacturer and musical entrepreneur
- Princess Augusta of Bavaria (1788–1851)
- Édouard Spach (1801–1879), botanist
- Marie-Théodore Ratisbonne (1802–1884), Catholic priest and missionary
- Baruch Schleisinger Weil (1802–1893), American businessman and politician
- August Stöber (1808–1884), poet, scholar and collector of folklore
- Louis Roederer (1809–1870), champagne maker
- Jean-Georges Kastner (1810–1867), composer and musicologist
- Adolphe Stoeber (1810–1892), ecclesiastic and writer
- Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne (1814–1884), Catholic priest and missionary
- Louis Charles Auguste Steinheil (1814–1885), painter
- Émile Küss (1815–1871), physician and politician
- Charles Adolphe Wurtz (1818–1884), chemist
- Charles Frédéric Gerhardt (1818–1856), chemist
- Benjamin-Constant Martha (1820–1895), historian
- August Kayser (1821–1885), Protestant theologian
- Théophile Schuler (1821–1878), painter and illustrator
- Hippolyte Pradelles (1824–1913), painter
- Oscar Berger-Levrault (1826–1903), philatelist
- Charles Netter (1826–1882), French Zionist
- Louis Ratisbonne (1827–1900), writer
- Paul Schützenberger (1829–1897), chemist
- Frédéric Albert Constantin Weber (1830–1903), botanist
- Gustave Doré (1832–1883), painter
- Charles Friedel (1832–1899), chemist and mineralogist
- Frédéric Auguste Lichtenberger (1832–1899), theologian
- Mélanie de Pourtalès (1836–1914), socialite
- Émile Waldteufel (1837–1915), composer
- Édouard Schuré (1841–1929), philosopher
- Edward Dannreuther (1844–1905), pianist and musicologist
- Nicolas Delsor (1847–1927), priest and politician
- Alfred Morel-Fatio (1850–1924), hispanist
- Jules Martha (1853–1932), archaeologist
- Paul Émile Appell (1855–1930), mathematician
- Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper (1856–1901), botanist and phytogeographer
- Léon Wieger (1856–1933), Jesuit missionary, medical doctor, theologist and sinologist
- Charles de Foucauld (1858–1916), Christian mystic
- Charles Diehl (1859–1944), historian
- Hugo Becker (1863–1941), cellist, cello teacher, and composer
- Charles Andler (1866–1933), germanist and philosopher
- Eugène Wilhelm (1866–1951), lawyer, judge and writer
- Ernest Henri Demanne (1870–1938), comedian
- André Lichtenberger (1870–1940), novelist and sociologist
- Helmar Lerski (1871–1956), photographer
- Heinrich Emil Timerding (1873–1945), mathematician
- Heinrich Liebmann (1874–1939), mathematician and geometer
- Max Looff (1874–1954), naval officer
- Karl Wendling (1875–1962), violinist and musical educator
- Léo Schnug (1878–1933), painter and illustrator
- Karl Klingler (1879–1971), violinist and composer
- Émile Mathis (1880–1956), car manufacturer
- Richard Laqueur (1881–1959), historian and philologist
- Elisabeth Abegg (1882–1974), educator and Nazi resistance fighter
- Ernst Damzog (1882–1945), Brigadeführer of the SS
- Robert Redslob (1882–1962), constitutional and public international law-scientist
- Georges Weill (1882–1970), German politician who defected to France
- Paul Gröber (1885–1964), geologist
- Jean/Hans Arp (1886–1966), artist
- René Beeh (1886–1822), painter and draughtsman
- Robert Heger (1886–1978), conductor
- Hilla von Rebay (1890–1967), artist, museum director
- Jules Kruger (1891–1959), cinematographer
- Charles Münch (1891–1968), conductor
- Friedrich-Georg Eberhardt (1892–1964), general
- Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger (1894–1945), Nazi official and high-ranking member of the SA and the SS
- Marcelle Cahn (1895–1981), artist
- Hans-Georg von Friedeburg (1895–1945), admiral of the Kriegsmarine
- Paul Alverdes (1897–1979), novelist and poet
- Rudolf Schwarz (1897–1961), architect
After 1900
- Hans Heinz Stuckenschmidt (1901–1988), musicologist
- Hans Bethe (1906–2005), physicist, Nobel Prize winner
- Gerolf Steiner (1908–2009), zoologist
- Hans-Otto Meissner (1909–1992), writer
- Max Bense (1910–1990), philosopher
- Georges Loinger (1910–2018), member of the French Resistance
- Jean-Paul de Dadelsen (1913–1957), poet and journalist
- Antoinette Becker (1920–1998), writer and translator
- Jacques Martin (1921–2010), comic-book artist
- Germain Muller (1923–1994), playwright, songwriter, poet, actor, humourist, politician
- Marcel Marceau (1923–2007), mime
- Serge Leclaire (1924–1994), psychiatrist and psychoanalyst
- Pierre Weil (1924–2008), psychologist and educator
- Noah Klieger (1926–2018), journalist
- Francis Rapp (1926–2020), historian
- Claude Rich (1929–2017), actor
- Tomi Ungerer (1931–2019), writer, illustrator and caricaturist
- Solange Fernex (1934–2006), politician
- Liliane Ackermann (1938–2007), French Jewish community leader
- Gilbert Gress (born 1941), football coach
- Jean-Pierre Hubert (1941–2006), author
- Isoldé Elchlepp (born 1942) German protest song singer, and operatic mezzo-soprano and soprano
- Wolfgang Huber (born 1942), theologian and ethicist
- Bob Wollek (1943–2001), rally driver
- Herbert Léonard (born 1945), singer
- Jean-Louis Mandel (born 1946), geneticist
- Joseph Daul (born 1947), politician
- Thierry Mugler (1948–2022), fashion designer
- Francis Wurtz (born 1948), politician
- Michel Warschawski (born 1949), Israeli anti-Zionist writer and activist
- Arsène Wenger OBE (born 1949), football manager
- Jean-Marie Bockel (born 1950), politician
- Catherine Trautmann (born 1951), politician
- Patrice Meyer (born 1957), guitarist
- Elizabeth Sombart (born 1958), pianist
- Alain Weill (born 1961), business executive
- Patrick Cahuzac (born 1963), writer, winner of the Prix Fénéon for literature in 1990
- Emmanuel Villaume (born 1964), conductor
- Carole Richert (born 1967), actress
- Christophe Ohrel (born 1968), football player
- Philippe Schaaf (born 1968), handball player
- Eliette Abécassis (born 1969), writer
- Yvon Riemer (born 1970), wrestler
- Yann Wehrling (born 1971), artist and leader of the French Green Party
- Elif Şafak (born 1971), writer
- Alexis Kohler (born 1972), politician
- Valérien Ismaël (born 1975), football player
- Armando Teixeira (born 1976), football player
- Mehdi Baala (born 1978), athlete
- Nicolas Mougin (born 1979), professional vert skater
- Blandine Brocard (born 1981), politician
- Paul-Henri Mathieu (born 1982), tennis player
- Antoine Grauss (born 1984), football player
- Pio Marmaï (born 1984), actor
- Karim Matmour (born 1985), football player
- Laura Weissbecker (born 1984), actress
- M. Pokora (born 1985), singer
- Candice Didier (born 1988), figure skater
- Jonathan Schmid (born 1990), football player
