Lloyd B. Minor

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Lloyd B. Minor
MINOR lloyd 2012.jpg
Carl and Elizabeth Naumann Dean of the
Stanford University School of Medicine
Assumed office
December 2012
Website Office of the Dean, Stanford University School of Medicine

Lloyd Brooks Minor (born 1957) is an American surgeon, researcher, educator, and academic administrator. [1] Since December 2012, he has served as the Carl and Elizabeth Naumann Dean of Stanford University School of Medicine at Stanford University. [2] Previously, he was the provost of Johns Hopkins University. [2]

Contents

An expert on the inner ear, Minor is known for identifying the superior canal dehiscence syndrome, a disorder where a hole in the skull bone upsets the inner ear balance canal. [3] For refining a treatment for Ménière’s disease using gentamicin, Minor received the Prosper Ménière Society’s gold medal in 2010. [4] A fellow of the American College of Surgeons and the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, [4] [2] he is also a member of the National Academy of Medicine. [5]

Early life and education

Minor was born in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957. His father was an accountant, while his mother worked as a kindergarten teacher. He graduated from Brown University with a Sc.B. in Biology in 1979 and received his M.D. from the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University in 1982. [1]

Minor completed his initial residency training in surgery at Duke University Medical Center [2] [6] from 1982 until 1984. [7] From 1984 until 1988 He then completed a research fellowship in vestibular neurophysiology at the University of Chicago Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, under the supervision of Jay M. Goldberg. [7] From 1988 until 1992 he was a resident in otolaryngology at the University of Chicago Medical Center. [7] From 1992 to 1993, Minor completed a clinical fellowship in otology and neurotology at The Otology Group and The EAR Foundation in Nashville, Tennessee. [7]

Career

Johns Hopkins University

In 1993 Minor joined the faculty of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine as an assistant professor [2] of laryngology and otology. He became an associate professor in 1997 and a professor in 2001 in the departments of otolaryngology–head and neck surgery, neuroscience, and biomedical engineering. [7] In 2003 Minor was appointed the Andelot Professor and director (chair) of the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and otolaryngologist-in-chief at Johns Hopkins Hospital. During his six years as department chair, Minor expanded annual research funding by more than 50 percent and increased clinical activity by more than 30 percent. [2] During his tenure, the department was ranked number one by U.S. News & World Report's Best Hospital rankings by specialties. [1]

On September 1, 2009 [2] Minor became provost of Johns Hopkins University, making him both chief academic officer and the second-ranking member of the administration. [2] [8] He also served as University Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery from 2009 until 2012, [7] while remaining a professor in the departments of biomedical engineering and neuroscience. [7] During his tenure as provost, Minor launched a number of university-wide initiatives, among them the Gateway Sciences Initiative to increase innovation in teaching, and the Doctor of Philosophy Board to encourage quality education on the doctoral level. He helped coordinate the Individualized Health Initiative, which aims to use genetic information to improve health care, [9] and worked to improve recruitment and retention of faculty. [10]

Stanford University

Minor has been dean of Stanford University School of Medicine since December 1, 2012. [11] His role as dean gives him oversight for Stanford Medicine's clinical enterprise (Stanford Health Care and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital), [12] and also gives him oversight for Stanford Medicine's clinical enterprise strategy. He also has oversight of the physicians chosen to serve on the faculty and in Stanford Medicine's clinical network. [12] At Stanford University, Minor also serves by courtesy as a professor of otolaryngology (head and neck surgery), bioengineering, and neurobiology. [11]

Minor has used his position as Dean to push for Stanford Medicine to focus on "precision health," which is intended to tailor care to patients' individual variations. [11] [13] He has written about precision health in op-eds for publications such as The Wall Street Journal and Forbes . Minor espouses it as both a form of treatment and preventive medicine [14] that is focused on prediction by accounting for factors such as behavior and socioeconomic conditions. [15] Working across Stanford Medicine and Stanford University, Minor also oversaw the development and implementation of a new cancer research and care model, [11] [16] and launched an initiative concerning biomedical big data and a health care system with learning capabilities. [16] [17] He was re-appointed the dean in March 2017, to a second five-year term. [18]

Concerning grants and finances, at Stanford Minor has supported competitive innovation grants that back basic science research, also increasing support for other core areas and resources. [16] [19] In particular, he expanded clinical and patient-centered research, [20] helped support new educational models, [21] and supported financial assistance covering students' first four years of Ph.D. training. [19] He furthermore worked to cut down on financial barriers for students," [22] increased faculty development programs and leadership options, [23] and pushed for programming with diversity and "accountability." [22] [24] Between 2012 and 2016, Stanford credited Minor with helping raise the number underrepresented minority students from 10% of incoming graduate students to 28%. [18] In 2017, he introduced the Health Trends Report published by Stanford Medicine, with research and reviews on emerging trends in health care. [25]

Scientific research

Minor is an expert in balance and inner ear disorders, [4] and since 1980 [7] he has published over 140 articles and chapters. [26] He published four key studies between 1999 and 2001 articulating the connection between head motion and eye movements and how they are controlled by the balancing mechanisms centered in the inner ear. [4] Through neurophysiological investigations of eye movements and neuronal pathways, Minor has identified adaptive mechanisms responsible for compensation to vestibular injury in a model system for studies of motor learning (the vestibulo-ocular reflex). By 2010, synergies between this basic research and clinical studies have led to improved methods for the diagnosis and treatment of balance disorders. [4]

In 1995 Minor discovered superior canal dehiscence syndrome, a debilitating disorder characterized by sound- or pressure-induced dizziness. [27] Key to this discovery was Minor’s finding that the eye movements evoked by sound and pressure stimuli in patients with superior canal dehiscence syndrome often align with the plane of the superior canal. [6] He and his colleagues publicly published the findings on superior canal dehiscence syndrome for the first time in Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery [6] in 1998, describing clinical manifestations of the syndrome and relating its cause to an opening (dehiscence) in the bone covering the superior canal. [28] [3] In addition to describing the syndrome, he also later developed a surgical procedure that corrects the problem and alleviates symptoms. [29]

Organizations

He is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons and the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. [4] [2] Before that, he had been president of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology and chair of the Auditory Research Study Section of the National Institutes of Health. [2] [4] In 2012 Minor was elected [11] to the National Academy of Medicine. [5]

Awards

In recognition of his work in refining a treatment for Ménière’s disease using gentamicin, Minor received the Prosper Ménière Society’s gold medal in 2010. [4] [30] In 2015 he also won the Joseph Toynbee Memorial Medal from the Royal Society of Medicine and Royal College of Surgeons. [31]

Personal life

Minor is married to Lisa Ann Keamy, a family practice physician. They have two children. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otorhinolaryngology</span> Medical specialty

Otorhinolaryngology ( oh-toh-RY-noh-LARR-in-GOL-ə-jee, abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology – head and neck surgery, or ear, nose, and throat is a surgical subspeciality within medicine that deals with the surgical and medical management of conditions of the head and neck. Doctors who specialize in this area are called otorhinolaryngologists, otolaryngologists, head and neck surgeons, or ENT surgeons or physicians. Patients seek treatment from an otorhinolaryngologist for diseases of the ear, nose, throat, base of the skull, head, and neck. These commonly include functional diseases that affect the senses and activities of eating, drinking, speaking, breathing, swallowing, and hearing. In addition, ENT surgery encompasses the surgical management of cancers and benign tumors and reconstruction of the head and neck as well as plastic surgery of the face and neck.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ménière's disease</span> Disorder of the inner ear

Ménière's disease (MD) is a disease of the inner ear that is characterized by potentially severe and incapacitating episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Typically, only one ear is affected initially, but over time, both ears may become involved. Episodes generally last from 20 minutes to a few hours. The time between episodes varies. The hearing loss and ringing in the ears can become constant over time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cholesteatoma</span> Medical condition

Cholesteatoma is a destructive and expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process. Cholesteatomas are not cancerous as the name may suggest, but can cause significant problems because of their erosive and expansile properties. This can result in the destruction of the bones of the middle ear (ossicles), as well as growth through the base of the skull into the brain. They often become infected and can result in chronically draining ears. Treatment almost always consists of surgical removal.

<i>Stapes</i> Bone in the middle ear

The stapes or stirrup is a bone in the middle ear of humans and other animals which is involved in the conduction of sound vibrations to the inner ear. This bone is connected to the oval window by its annular ligament, which allows the footplate to transmit sound energy through the oval window into the inner ear. The stapes is the smallest and lightest bone in the human body, and is so-called because of its resemblance to a stirrup.

Hyperacusis is the increased sensitivity to sound and a low tolerance for environmental noise. Definitions of hyperacusis can vary significantly; it can refer to normal noises being perceived as: loud, annoying, painful, fear-inducing, or a combination of those, and is often categorized into four subtypes: loudness, pain, annoyance, and fear.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otology</span> Branch of medicine for the ear

Otology is a branch of medicine which studies normal and pathological anatomy and physiology of the ear as well as their diseases, diagnosis and treatment. Otologic surgery generally refers to surgery of the middle ear and mastoid related to chronic otitis media, such as tympanoplasty, or ear drum surgery, ossiculoplasty, or surgery of the hearing bones, and mastoidectomy. Otology also includes surgical treatment of conductive hearing loss, such as stapedectomy surgery for otosclerosis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bone-anchored hearing aid</span>

A bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) is a type of hearing aid based on bone conduction. It is primarily suited for people who have conductive hearing losses, unilateral hearing loss, single-sided deafness and people with mixed hearing losses who cannot otherwise wear 'in the ear' or 'behind the ear' hearing aids. They are more expensive than conventional hearing aids, and their placement involves invasive surgery which carries a risk of complications, although when complications do occur, they are usually minor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The House Institute Foundation</span> Californian non-profit to advance hearing science

The House Institute Foundation (HIF), formerly the House Ear Institute, is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization, based in Los Angeles, California, and dedicated to advancing hearing science through research, education, and global hearing health to improve quality of life.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New York Eye and Ear Infirmary</span> Hospital in New York, United States

Tullio phenomenon, sound-induced vertigo, dizziness, nausea or eye movement (nystagmus) was first described in 1929 by the Italian biologist Prof. Pietro Tullio. (1881–1941) During his experiments on pigeons, Tullio discovered that by drilling tiny holes in the semicircular canals of his subjects, he could subsequently cause them balance problems when exposed to sound.

A mastoidectomy is a procedure performed to remove the mastoid air cells, air bubbles in the skull, near the inner ears. This can be done as part of treatment for mastoiditis, chronic suppurative otitis media or cholesteatoma. In addition, it is sometimes performed as part of other procedures or for access to the middle ear. There are classically 5 different types of mastoidectomy:

The semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) is a category of rare neurotological diseases/disorders affecting the inner ears, which gathers the superior SCD, lateral SCD and posterior SCD. These SCDs induce SCD syndromes (SCDSs), which define specific sets of hearing and balance symptoms. This entry mainly deals with the superior SCDS.

The Illinois Eye & Ear Infirmary (IEEI) is a center of ophthalmology and otolaryngology research and clinical practice.

Neurotology or neuro-otology is a subspecialty of otolaryngology—head and neck surgery, also known as ENT medicine. Neuro-otology is closely related to otology, clinical neurology and neurosurgery.

Hearing Health Foundation (HHF) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. In 2011, the Deafness Research Foundation changed its name to Hearing Health Foundation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jacob Sadé</span> German-born Israeli otolaryngologist (1925–2020)

Jacob Sadé (1925 – 16 March 2020) was a German-born Israeli otolaryngologist, also an emeritus professor at the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Limb</span>

Dr. Charles Limb is a surgeon, neuroscientist, and musician at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) who has carried out research on the neural basis of musical creativity and the impact of cochlear implants on music perception in hearing impaired individuals. As an otologic surgeon and otolaryngologist, he specializes in treatment of ear disorders.

Nicholas John Frootko is a retired South African / British Otolaryngologist / Head and Neck Surgeon with a special interest and expertise in Ear Surgery.

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a disorder where pressure abnormalities in the middle ear result in symptoms.

Muaaz Tarabichi is a Syrian otolaryngologist, lecturer, researcher, and author. He is recognized around the world as the father of endoscopic ear surgery. He is the co-founder of Tarabichi Stammberger Ear and Sinus Institute. He was elected as the chairman of the International Advisory Board of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Miller, M.E. (2004). Minor makes the majors Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine . Dome, 55(1).
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Johns Hopkins University. (2009, August 21). Lloyd Minor named provost.
  3. 1 2 Allen, J.E. (1999, February 22). Severe dizziness traced to hole in skull bone. Los Angeles Times.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Johns Hopkins Medicine (2010, May 17). Johns Hopkins provost honored with international award.
  5. 1 2 [ dead link ] IOM. (2012, October 15). IOM Elects 70 New Members, 10 Foreign Associates Archived 2013-08-07 at the Wayback Machine .
  6. 1 2 3 Flynn, R. (2007, Winter). A minor balancing act. Archived 2010-11-25 at the Wayback Machine Hopkins Medicine.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 CV of Lloyd B. Minor at Stanford University
  8. ↑ O’Shea, D. (2009, August 31). New provost steps into his post. Gazette.
  9. ↑ Stanford Report. (2012, July 13). Lloyd B. Minor named dean of Stanford School of Medicine Archived 2012-10-07 at the Wayback Machine .
  10. ↑ O’Shea, D. (2012, July 12). Provost Minor to become Stanford’s Dean of Medicine. Stanford University.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 Stanford University - Lloyd B. Minor, M.D.
  12. 1 2 Stanford Medicine. (2014, November 3). Defining the principles of Stanford Medicine.
  13. ↑ (2015, July 30). "Precision Health” part of Stanford package. The Independent.
  14. ↑ Precision Health in the News - Op-Eds by Dean Lloyd Minor, Stanford Medicine (2017)
  15. ↑ Minor, L.B. (2016, January 6.) "We don’t just need precision medicine, we need precision health". Forbes.
  16. 1 2 3 (2014, March 6). Letter from the Dean. Stanford University.
  17. ↑ (2013, June 14). Letter from the Dean. Stanford University.
  18. 1 2 Stanford Medicine, Minor reappointed dean of the School of Medicine (March 13, 2017)
  19. 1 2 (2013, November 21). Letter from the Dean. Stanford University.
  20. ↑ Newby, Kris. (2015, February 19). Research led by clinician educators accelerates advances in patient care. Stanford University.
  21. ↑ Ford, Andrea. (2015, April 27). Stanford Medicine’s Lloyd Minor on re-conceiving medical education. Stanford University.
  22. 1 2 (2015, May 6). Letter from the Dean: Diversity and Societal Citizenship. Stanford University.
  23. ↑ (2014, September 3). Letter from the Dean. Stanford University.
  24. ↑ White, Tracie. (2014, May 5). For first time, school to offer 12 full-tuition scholarships. Stanford University.
  25. ↑ Stanford Medicine 2017 Health Trends Report - Harnessing the Power of Data in Health - A Message from Dean Lloyd Minor, Stanford University
  26. ↑ Office of the Provost, Johns Hopkins University, Past Provosts
  27. ↑ [ dead link ] National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. (2006, Summer). Innovative surgery on the ear bone relieves rare form of severe dizziness and hearing loss. Archived 2010-12-20 at the Wayback Machine Inside.
  28. ↑ Minor LB, Solomon D, Zinreich JS, Zee DS. Sound- and/or pressure-induced vertigo due to bone dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1998 Mar;124(3):249-58. PMID   9525507.
  29. ↑ (2006, May 30). Surgical plugs in ear’s bone stops strange form of severe dizziness. Medical News Today.
  30. ↑ Minor, LB. Intratympanic gentamicin for control of vertigo in Ménière’s disease: Vestibular signs that specify completion of therapy. Am J Otol. 1999 Mar;20(2):209-19. PMID   10100525
  31. ↑ Stanford - Lloyd Minor, M.d. Notable People December 2015
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