Lokesh Cinematic Universe

Last updated

Lokesh Cinematic Universe (LCU)
Created by Lokesh Kanagaraj
Original work Kaithi (2019)
Owners
KVN Productions
Years2019–present
Films and television
Film(s)
Audio
Soundtrack(s)
Miscellaneous
Budgetest.₹395–495 crore (3 films)
Box officeest.₹1,155–1,220 crore (3 films)

The Lokesh Cinematic Universe (LCU), also known as the Lokiverse, is an Indian media franchise and shared universe of Tamil-language action thriller films created by Lokesh Kanagaraj. [1] It is currently the highest-grossing Tamil film franchise. The universe follows an elaborate conflict between law enforcement officers and vigilantes in South India who are at war against dangerous drug cartels led by powerful crime lords. The first film in the universe was Kaithi (2019), followed by Vikram (2022) and Leo (2023). It is set to continue with Benz , the first LCU film not to be directed by Lokesh, and Kaithi 2.

Contents

Development

Lokesh Kanagaraj expressed his desire to create a shared universe of films after completing his debut feature, Maanagaram . He emphasized that such films have enduring appeal. During the production of Kaithi , he conceptualized and experimented with this idea, incorporating multiple open-ended plotlines in Kaithi. [2] He further developed this concept in collaboration with Dream Warrior Pictures and Raaj Kamal Films International for his film Vikram , utilising properties owned by these production companies. As a result, he successfully established a shared universe and announced plans for additional projects set within this interconnected cinematic world. [3] [4] [5]

Naming

Though the name "Lokesh Cinematic Universe" was coined by netizens, post the release of Vikram, Lokesh accepted it as the official name of the universe. Other names for the franchise include the Loki Cinematic Universe and Lokiverse, as Loki is his nickname. [6] [7]

In-franchise connections

Narain, George Maryan and Maya S. Krishnan are the only actors who have reprised their roles in significant capacities across multiple films within the universe. [8] Karthi and Kamal Haasan have made voice-only cameo appearances, reprising their roles as Dilli in Vikram and Vikram in Leo, respectively. [9] [10]

Feature films

FilmRelease dateDirectorStoryScreenplayDialogueProduction Company
Kaithi 25 October 2019 Lokesh Kanagaraj Pon Parthiban
Lokesh Kanagaraj		 Dream Warrior Pictures
Vivekananda Pictures
Vikram 3 June 2022 Rathna Kumar
Lokesh Kanagaraj		 Raaj Kamal Films International
Leo 19 October 2023Lokesh Kanagaraj
Rathna Kumar
Deeraj Vaidy		 Seven Screen Studio

Kaithi (2019)

After a drug bust of 900 kilograms of cocaine belonging to drug dealers Adaikalam and Anbu in Trichy, Inspector Bejoy faces a dire situation when several cops are poisoned at a party by a corrupt cop in an attempt to recover the drugs and kill the officers involved in the bust. To thwart the gang, Bejoy blackmails ex-convict Dilli into assisting him by threatening to prevent him from meeting his 10-year-old daughter for the first time. Together, they embark on a mission to transport the poisoned cops to the hospital and prevent Anbu's gang from getting their hands on the busted drugs. Their journey is fraught with danger as they continuously evade pursuing gang members, who receive support from a corrupt narcotics official, Stephen Raj.

The first installment of the LCU, it stars Karthi in the lead role, along with Narain, Arjun Das, Harish Uthaman, George Maryan and Dheena in pivotal roles.

Vikram (2022)

Amar, a black ops agent, is assigned to investigate a series of murders committed by a masked group of vigilantes. Their victims include high-ranking officials from the narcotics department like Stephen Raj and ACP Prabhanjan, [a] and Prabhanjan's seemingly harmless foster father, Karnan. As Amar delves deeper into the case, a tangled web of clues leads him to the mastermind behind the murders, a drug kingpin named Sandhanam, who controls the largest drug syndicate in Chennai. However, a surprising twist reveals that Karnan is, in fact, alive and is a former Black Ops Commander Vikram, who leads the group of vigilantes, that now includes Bejoy. In the face of this revelation, Vikram, Amar, and Bejoy unite their efforts to take down Sandhanam's powerful drug syndicate.

The second installment in the LCU stars Kamal Haasan, Vijay Sethupathi and Fahadh Faasil with Kalidas Jayaram, Narain and Chemban Vinod Jose in supporting roles. Suriya made his first appearance in the LCU in a cameo role as Rolex. The film is a spiritual successor of Vikram (1986). [11] [1] [12] [13]

Leo (2023)

Parthiban, a café owner and animal rescuer in Theog, becomes a local hero after killing a group of robbers in his café. This draws the attention of gangsters Antony and Harold Das, who suspect him to be Antony's estranged son, Leo Das. Parthiban denies having any connection to them but they continue to hound him, and he takes matters into his own hands by eliminating both Antony and Harold and destroying their datura factory after confessing that he is Leo having left his past life behind. Following this, Vikram, knowing Parthi's identity as Leo, invites him to join forces in creating a drug-free society in India, while suggesting a mysterious connection between them from their past. [b]

The third installment in LCU stars Vijay in the title role, alongside Trisha, Sanjay Dutt, Arjun Sarja, Gautham Vasudev Menon, Priya Anand and Madonna Sebastian with George Maryan as Napoleon and a voice-over cameo by Kamal Haasan as Agent Vikram. It is based on the 2005 film A History of Violence , which itself was an adaptation of the graphic novel of the same name.

Leo emerged as the highest grossing LCU film, the second highest-grossing Tamil film of 2023, the fifth highest-grossing Indian film of 2023, the highest-grossing Tamil film overseas and the highest-grossing film in Tamil Nadu.

Upcoming films

FilmRelease DateDirectorWriter(s)Production CompanyStatus
Benz 2025 Lokesh Kanagaraj
Bakkiyaraj Kannan 		Passion Studios
The Route
G Squad		Filming
Kaithi 2TBA Lokesh Kanagaraj Lokesh Kanagaraj
S. R. Prabhu 		Dream Warrior Pictures
KVN Productions 		Pre-production
Untitled Rolex filmTBA Lokesh Kanagaraj
Karthik Subbaraj 		KVN Productions In Development
Vikram ReturnsTBA Lokesh Kanagaraj
Rathna Kumar
Deeraj Vaidy		 Raaj Kamal Films International

Benz

Lokesh announced a new action thriller film titled Benz, starring Raghava Lawrence and directed by Bakkiyaraj Kannan on 14 April 2024. A teaser was unveiled on Raghava Lawrence's 48th birthday, welcoming him into the universe on 29 October 2024. Malayalam Actor Nivin Pauly is confirmed to be playing the antagonist in the movie.

Kaithi 2

As implied at the end of Kaithi, Lokesh had planned for a sequel, which he confirmed after its release. [14] In an interview with Subha J Rao to Firstpost , Lokesh conveyed his interest in developing the film into a franchise, stating that he had an idea for both the prequel and the sequel, which depends on the recurring schedules of the cast members. In May 2021, the film's producer, S. R. Prabhu, confirmed that the sequel was in the works. [15]

Kaithi 2 is intended to be a prequel for Dilli, focusing on his character. Later, in an interaction with fans through Twitter, Lokesh explained about Anbu's return in Vikram as he was knocked out and not dead, although he had stitch marks in his jaw due to his injuries. [16]

Following the success of Vikram, Lokesh planned to expand the scale of the sequel, [12] with S. R. Prabhu admitting that it would be bigger than the first film. [17] Production of the film was expected to begin in the second quarter of 2022 but was delayed as Lokesh intended to resume the project after completing Leo and a film with Rajinikanth, titled Coolie (2025), which would not be a part of the LCU. It was officially announced on 15th March 2025. He also confirmed the inclusion of characters from the movies Vikram and Leo.

Vikram Returns

Owing to the film's remarkable success, Kamal Haasan, in an interview with Pinkvilla, expressed the potential for a sequel to Vikram. Additionally, reports were indicating the development of a third instalment in the Vikram series. There have been many who said it would be named Vikram 2 or Vikram 3, but the makers had decided that it would be titled Vikram Returns. In many interviews later on, Lokesh confirmed that the sequel to Vikram will be the official endgame for his universe and has always maintained that there needs to be a proper closure to it. [18] [19] [20]

Standalone Rolex film

In August 2023, Suriya revealed that a spin-off centred around his character, Rolex from Vikram, was being planned. [21] Lokesh pitched Suriya an idea for a standalone film of the Rolex character, and the actor too agreed to the idea, which Lokesh later confirmed in October 2024. [22]

Short films

NameRelease dateStatus
Chapter Zero - The Origin of LCUTBA
Post-Production

Chapter Zero - The Origin of LCU

Lokesh announced a short film on 29 October 2024, which would describe the inception of the universe before Kaithi. Arjun Das, Narain, Kalidas Jayaram, and a few other actors from the universe will be a part of the short film. Lokesh released a first look at LCU Chapter Zero and titled it - 1 Shot 2 Stories 24 Hours, referring to the short film shot in 24 hours consisting of 2 stories and executed in a single shot. [23] [24] In July 2025, he confirmed that shooting had already been wrapped, and post production would begin shortly after Coolie's release.

Additional crew and production details

OccupationFilms
  Kaithi
(2019)		  Vikram
(2022)		  Leo
(2023)		  Benz
(TBA)
DirectorLokesh KanagarajBakkiyaraj Kannan
StoryLokesh Kanagaraj
ScreenplayLokesh KanagarajBakkiyaraj Kannan
DialogueLokesh Kanagaraj
Pon Parthiban		Lokesh Kanagaraj
Rathna Kumar 		Lokesh Kanagaraj
Rathna Kumar
Deeraj Vaidy
ProducerS. R. Prakash Babu
S. R. Prabhu
Thiruppur Vivek		 Kamal Haasan
R. Mahendran		S. S. Lalit Kumar
Jagadish Palanisamy		Sudhan Sundaram
Lokesh Kanagaraj
Jagadish Palanisamy
Composer Sam C. S. Anirudh Ravichander Sai Abhyankkar
Background Score
LyricistSam C. S.
Sharanya Gopinath		 Kamal Haasan
Vishnu Edavan
Heisenberg		Vishnu Edavan
Asal Kolaar
Heisenberg		TBA
Cinematographer Sathyan Sooryan Girish Gangadharan Manoj Paramahamsa Goutham George
Editor Philomin Raj
Art DirectorN. Sathees Kumar Jacki
Stunt Director Anbariv Anal Arasu
Sound DesignerSachin Sudhakaran
Hariharan M.		Arun S. Mani
Choreographer-Sandy Dinesh TBA
Costume DesignerPraveen RajaPallavi Singh
V. Sai
Kavitha J.		Pallavi Singh
Praveen Raja
Eka Lakhani		Dinesh Manoharan
Jeeva Karunya
Shruthi Manjari

Future plans

In November 2024, Lokesh shared his plans for the franchise and the roadmap ahead. He said, “The opening (first film) was good. Now its structure is that there are only three films in the universe (so far). So, the fourth and fifth movies should be two basements, the sixth should be the pre-climax and the seventh or eighth should be the end. Going by that, I will get to do Kaithi 2, Rolex standalone and Vikram 2. If Vijay sir hadn’t announced retirement, I would have done Leo 2 as well. Then Leo 2 or Vikram 2 would have been the final film. That’s the maximum I can do with this universe". [25] Lokesh also talked about his plans on writing a strong female character, and the addition of new characters being added to the universe in subsequent films. [26]

Spin-offs

Lokesh revealed his plans for two spin-off series with Napoleon from Kaithi and Agent Tina from Vikram , letting his assistants or other directors complete the same. Details of these are yet to be unveiled. [10]

Music

Anirudh Ravichander composed the soundtracks and film scores for the LCU films under the label of Sony Music, except for Kaithi and Benz, which were composed respectively by Sam CS and Sai Abhyankkar under the label of Think Music. [27] [28]

Theme music

"Lokiverse" serves as the theme music for the franchise. It has two versions. The original version was featured in Vikram (2022), [29] [30] while the second version was featured in Leo (2023). [31] The second version titled "Lokiverse 2.0" connected the elements of the franchise between the first three installments: Kaithi (2019), Vikram (2022) and Leo (2023). [32]

Soundtracks

TitleRelease dateLengthComposer(s)LabelRef
15 May 2022
0:15:52 [33] [34] [35]
19 October 2023
0:22:57 [31] [36]

Film scores

TitleRelease dateLengthComposer(s)LabelRef
22 November 2019
0:28:18N/A [37]
7 July 2022
0:34:16 [29] [30]
TBA
TBA [31]

Timeline

Lokesh Cinematic Universe timeline
(as of Leo )
1991 Vikram flashback
1992–1998
1999 Leo flashback
2000–2018
2019 Kaithi
Vikram
2020–2021
2022Leo

An official timeline has not been released by the makers, but the films indicate this.

In the cinematic universe, the events in Kaithi unfold in the year 2019, followed by the events in Vikram, which transpire three months after the events in Kaithi. Subsequently, the events in Leo occur three years later in 2022. The flashback storylines in Vikram and Leo depict events from 1991 and 1999 respectively. [38]

Recurring cast and characters

List indicators

This section includes characters who will appear or have appeared in Lokesh Cinematic Universe.

CharactersFilms
Kaithi (2019) Vikram (2022) Leo (2023)
Introduced in Kaithi
Dilli Karthi Karthi V Mentioned [c]
Inspector Bejoy Narain
Anbu Das Arjun Das Arjun Das C
Adaikalam Das Harish Uthaman Harish Uthaman C
Stephen Raj Hareesh Peradi Hareesh Peradi C
Napoleon George Maryan George Maryan
Kamatchi Dheena Dheena C
AmudhaBaby MonicaBaby Monica C
Commander Arun Kumar Vikram / KarnanMentioned [d] Kamal Haasan Kamal Haasan V
Introduced in Vikram
Escort Maya S. Krishnan Maya S. Krishnan C
Rolex Suriya C
Introduced in Leo
Parthiban "Parthi" / Leo Das Vijay
Elisa Das Madonna Sebastian

Reception

Box office performance

The Lokesh Cinematic Universe is currently the highest grossing Tamil film franchise.

FilmReleaseBudgetBox officeRef(s)
Kaithi 25 October 2019₹25 crore (US$3.55 million)₹105 crore (US$14.91 million) [39]
Vikram 3 June 2022₹120 crore (US$15.27 million)₹414.43 crore (US$52.72 million)–₹500 crore (US$63.61 million) [40] [41] [42]
Leo 19 October 2023₹250 crore (US$30.27 million)–₹300 crore (US$36.32 million)₹595 crore (US$72.03 million)–₹615 crore (US$74.46 million) [e]
Total₹395 crore (US$47 million)–₹445 crore (US$53 million)₹1,114.43 crore (US$130 million)–₹1,225.50 crore (US$140 million)

Critical reception

Film Rotten Tomatoes
Kaithi 100% (7/10 average rating) (7 reviews) [45]
Vikram 59% (5.6/10 average rating) (17 reviews) [46]
Leo 82% (6.7/10 average rating) (11 reviews) [47]

Notes

  1. ↑ The murder happens a couple of months after the drug bust in Trichy, shown in Kaithi.
  2. ↑ As seen at the end of Leo.
  3. ↑ In Leo, Dilli is mentioned by Napoleon during an interaction with Parthiban.
  4. ↑ In the opening of Kaithi, Inspector Bejoy, portrayed by Narain, queries Ajaz Ahmad if there is any information about the "ghost". Vikram reveals that the "ghost" mentioned in Kaithi is Kamal Haasan's character, Vikram.
  5. ↑ Leo's reported worldwide grosses vary between ₹595 crore ( Box Office India [43] ) – ₹615 crore ( Deccan Chronicle [44] ).

References

  1. 1 2 Thapa, Shaurya (11 July 2022). "Vikram's Lokesh Cinematic Universe and All Other MCUs of Indian Cinema". India Today. Archived from the original on 11 July 2022. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
  2. ↑ "Lokesh Kanagaraj reveals the idea of a cinematic universe". The Times of India . 13 June 2022. Archived from the original on 13 June 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  3. ↑ "A Ghost and a prisoner – One-stop shop for all things that might connect Kaithi and Vikram". Cinema Express . 2 June 2022. Archived from the original on 4 June 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  4. ↑ Athimuthu, Soundarya (14 June 2022). "What Is 'Vikram' Director Lokesh Kanagaraj's 'Lokesh Cinematic Universe'?". TheQuint. Archived from the original on 15 June 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  5. ↑ "Vikram director Lokesh Kanagaraj is building his own cinematic universe". The Week. Archived from the original on 19 June 2022. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  6. ↑ Subramanian, Lakshmi (29 October 2023). "Why Lokesh Kanagaraj's 'Lokiverse' is a smashing hit". The Week. Archived from the original on 30 October 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  7. ↑ "Kamal Haasan confirms Lokesh Kanagaraj's cinematic universe while talking about 'Vikram'? – Tamil News". IndiaGlitz.com. 19 May 2022. Archived from the original on 13 June 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  8. ↑ "Narain: Vikram's stellar response and box office numbers are new to me". Cinema Express . 19 June 2022. Archived from the original on 22 June 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  9. ↑ "Karthi gives the real reason why he did not act in Vikram and only gave voiceover". IndiaGlitz. 21 August 2022. Archived from the original on 22 August 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  10. 1 2 "Is Vijay's Leo a part of Lokesh Kanagaraj's Cinematic Universe with Kamal Haasan, Suriya and Karthi? Here's everything you need to know". The Indian Express . 20 October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  11. ↑ "Kamal Haasan's 'Vikram' shatters box-office records, check out his other hit films". WION. 14 July 2022. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  12. 1 2 S, Srivatsan (3 June 2022). "'Vikram' movie review: Kamal Haasan steps back to watch Fahadh Faasil and Vijay Sethupathi have fun in Lokesh Cinematic Universe". The Hindu. ISSN   0971-751X. Archived from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  13. ↑ "5 reasons why you shouldn't miss Lokesh Kanagaraj's 'Vikram'". DT next. 4 June 2022. Archived from the original on 4 June 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  14. ↑ "Lokesh Kanagaraj confirms 'Kaithi 2' with Karthi". The News Minute . 29 October 2019. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  15. ↑ "Kaithi director Lokesh Kanagaraj reveals plan to expand the film into a franchise: 'I have the idea for both a prequel and sequel'". Firstpost. 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 30 August 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  16. ↑ "Anbu hasn't died, more details in Kaithi 2: Lokesh Kanagaraj in Q&A". DT Next . 8 June 2022. Archived from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  17. ↑ "கைதி 2 வேலைகள் எப்போது தொடக்கம்?... தயாரிப்பாளர் கொடுத்த அப்டேட்". Zee News (in Tamil). 12 June 2022. Archived from the original on 12 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  18. ↑ "EXCLUSIVE: Vikram 2 'already' on the cards? Kamal Haasan clears the air on the sequel". Pinkvilla. 3 June 2022. Archived from the original on 19 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  19. ↑ "EXCLUSIVE: Vijay to play a gangster in his 40s in Lokesh Kanagaraj's next; Might enter LCU with Kamal Haasan". Pinkvilla. 18 June 2022. Archived from the original on 19 June 2022. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  20. ↑ "Kamal Haasan starrer Vikram to get two sequels?". Bollywood Hungama . 8 June 2022. Archived from the original on 4 December 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  21. ↑ "Suriya reveals Lokesh Kanagaraj has plans for a standalone Rolex film". The Indian Express. 14 August 2023. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  22. ↑ "Director Lokesh Kangaraj confirms standalone film on Suriya's character Rolex". India Today. 14 October 2024. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
  23. ↑ "Lokesh Kanagaraj teases fans with an interesting update on the LCU short film". The Times of India. 26 October 2024. ISSN   0971-8257 . Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  24. ↑ Kumar, Akshay (25 October 2024). "First look of Lokesh Kanagaraj's LCU prelude out". Cinema Express. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  25. ↑ "Lokesh Kanagaraj reveals his plans for LCU; shares final update on 'Thalapathy' Vijay's Leo 2". The Indian Express. 6 November 2024.
  26. ↑ "Lokesh Kanagaraj confirms that work for 'Kaithi 2' will begin after 'Thalaivar 171'". Times of India . 8 October 2023. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  27. ↑ Kollywood, Only (1 November 2019). "Kaithi: Sam CS talks about the different musical approach for the film". Only Kollywood. Archived from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  28. ↑ "I'm happy to be the third music composer in LCU: Sai Abhyankkar". The Times of India. 4 November 2024. ISSN   0971-8257 . Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  29. 1 2 "Vikram (Original Background Score)". Spotify . 7 July 2022. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  30. 1 2 "Vikram (Original Background Score) - All Songs - Download or Listen Free - JioSaavn". 7 July 2022. Archived from the original on 9 July 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  31. 1 2 3 "'Leo: Bloody Sweet' Soundtrack Album Released | Film Music Reporter". Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  32. ↑ "#CinemaUpdate | Lokiverse 2.0 அடங்கிய 'லியோ' படத்தின் மியூசிக் ஆல்பம் வெளியானது!". X (formerly Twitter). Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  33. ↑ Vikram (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack), 15 May 2022, archived from the original on 26 May 2022, retrieved 4 November 2023
  34. ↑ Vikram (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) - EP by Ilaiyaraaja, 29 May 1986, archived from the original on 26 May 2022, retrieved 4 November 2023
  35. ↑ "Archived copy". music.amazon.in. Archived from the original on 3 June 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  36. ↑ "anirudhofficial/status/1715367363049300463". X (formerly Twitter). Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  37. ↑ "Lokesh Kangaraj directed Karthi's Kaithi original soundtrack released". Behindwoods. 22 November 2019. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  38. ↑ Rajendran, Gopinath (24 October 2023). "A breakdown of Lokesh Kanagaraj's LCU: How the timelines of 'Kaithi', 'Vikram' and 'Leo' are interconnected". The Hindu . Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  39. ↑ "Bigil, Petta, Viswasam, Kanchana 3, Nerkonda Paarvai, Kaithi power Kollywood's theatrical takings in 2019 to Rs 1000 cr". Firstpost. 4 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  40. ↑ "Vikram box office collection Day 27: Kamal Haasan's film refuses to slow down". India Today . 1 July 2022. Archived from the original on 17 June 2023. Retrieved 17 June 2023. Kamal Haasan's Vikram is showing no signs of slowing down at the box office. As of now, Vikram is marching towards Rs 500 crore at the worldwide box office.
  41. ↑ "வெற்றிகரமாக 75 நாட்களை நிறைவு செய்த விக்ரம்..! இதுவரை வசூல் செய்தது மட்டும் எத்தனை கோடி தெரியுமா?". Asianet News Network (in Tamil). 16 August 2022. Archived from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022. இதுவரை 500 கோடி ரூபாய் வசூல் சாதனை செய்துள்ளதாக தகவல் வெளியாகியுள்ளது.
  42. ↑ "Kamal Haasan's Vikram finishes theatrical run as highest grossing film ever in Tamil Nadu, registers record footfall". Hindustan Times . 22 September 2022. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022. At the end of its theatrical run, the film registered a record footfall and grossed over ₹500 crore worldwide.
  43. ↑ "Leo Box Office Collection". Box Office India . Retrieved 18 August 2025.
  44. ↑ "Top 10 Kollywood Blockbusters, Box Office Hits". Deccan Chronicle . 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
  45. ↑ "Kaithi | Rotten Tomatoes". www.rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  46. ↑ "Vikram | Rotten Tomatoes". www.rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  47. ↑ "Leo (2023) | Rotten Tomatoes". www.rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved 2 February 2025.
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