London University (UK Parliament constituency)

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London University
Former university constituency
for the House of Commons
18681950
Seats1

London University was a university constituency electing one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1868 to 1950.

Contents

Boundaries, electorate and history

This university constituency was created by the Reform Act 1867. The first election took place during the 1868 United Kingdom general election. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament, using the first past the post electoral system.

The constituency was not a physical area. Its electorate consisted of the graduates of the University of London. Before 1918 only male graduates qualified. From 1918 all graduates qualified, including women over thirty (reduced to twenty one when universal adult suffrage on equal terms was introduced before the 1929 United Kingdom general election).

The constituency was almost abolished in 1918. The original proposal of the Speaker's Conference, which considered electoral reform before the Representation of the People Act 1918 was enacted, was to combine all the English and Welsh universities except for Oxford and Cambridge into a three-member constituency. However, during consideration of the legislation it was agreed that London University should continue to return one member. The University of Wales was also given its own seat. The other universities, which were still to be combined, had their proposed representation reduced to two members. [1]

All the university constituencies were abolished in 1950, by the Representation of the People Act 1948.

Members of Parliament

This is a list of people who have represented this university in the Parliament of the United Kingdom between 1868 and 1950.

YearMemberParty
1868 Rt Hon. Robert Lowe 1 Liberal
1880 Sir John Lubbock 2
1886 Liberal Unionist
1900 Sir Michael Foster
1903 Liberal
1906 Philip Magnus Liberal Unionist
1912 Unionist
1918 Coalition Unionist
1922 Sir Sydney Russell-Wells 3 Unionist
1924 Sir Ernest Graham-Little 4 Independent
1931 National Independent
1950 Constituency abolished

Notes:-

Elections

General elections, from 1918 when most constituencies polled on the same day, were on different polling days from territorial constituencies. The polls for university constituencies were open for five days.

Coalition Conservative is considered to be equivalent to Conservative, as is National Independent equivalent to Independent.

1860s1870s1880s1890s1900s1910s1920s1930s1940s

Elections in the 1860s

General election 1868: London University [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Robert Lowe Unopposed
Registered electors 1,160
Liberal win (new seat)

Lowe was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in Gladstone's government.

By-election, 21 December 1868: London University [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Robert Lowe Unopposed
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1870s

General election 1874: London University [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Robert Lowe Unopposed
Registered electors 1,485
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1880: London University [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Robert Lowe 1,014 65.5 N/A
Conservative Arthur Charles 53534.5New
Majority47931.0N/A
Turnout 1,54979.6N/A
Registered electors 1,947
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Lowe was elevated to the peerage as the 1st Viscount Sherbrooke, causing a by-election.

By-election 3 June 1880: London University [2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Lubbock Unopposed
Liberal hold
General election 1885: London University [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Lubbock Unopposed
Liberal hold

Lubbock joined the breakaway Liberal Unionist Party in 1886.

General election 1886: London University [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist John Lubbock 1,314 71.8 N/A
Liberal Frederic Harrison 51628.2N/A
Majority79843.6N/A
Turnout 1,83071.0N/A
Registered electors 2,579
Liberal Unionist gain from Liberal Swing N/A

This was a gain for the Liberal Unionist Party, but a hold for Lubbock personally.

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: London University [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist John Lubbock Unopposed
Liberal Unionist hold
General election 1895: London University [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist John Lubbock Unopposed
Liberal Unionist hold

Elections in the 1900s

Collins Sir William Job Collins.jpg
Collins

Lubbock was elevated to the peerage as the 1st Baron Avebury, triggering a by-election.

1900 London University by-election [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist Michael Foster 1,271 46.8 N/A
Liberal William Job Collins 86331.7New
Independent Liberal Unionist Edward Henry Busk 58621.5New
Majority40815.1N/A
Turnout 2,72061.8N/A
Registered electors 4,403
Liberal Unionist hold Swing N/A
Foster Michael Foster b1836b.jpg
Foster
General election 1900: London University [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist Michael Foster Unopposed
Liberal Unionist hold
General election 1906: London University [3]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist Philip Magnus 1,840 50.3 N/A
Liberal Michael Foster 1,81649.7New
Majority240.6N/A
Turnout 3,65670.1N/A
Registered electors 5,212
Liberal Unionist hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s

Ridgeway West Ridgeway.jpg
Ridgeway
General election January 1910: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist Philip Magnus 2,625 57.65 +7.32
Liberal Joseph West Ridgeway 1,92842.35−7.32
Majority69715.30+14.64
Turnout 4,55375.01+4.86
Registered electors 6,070
Liberal Unionist hold Swing +7.32
Horsley Victor Horsley3.jpg
Horsley
General election December 1910: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist Philip Magnus 2,579 58.14 +0.49
Liberal Victor Horsley 1,85741.86−0.49
Majority72216.28+0.98
Turnout 4,43673.08−1.93
Registered electors 6,070
Liberal Unionist hold Swing +0.49

The Liberal Unionist Party merged with the Conservative Party in 1912, but its former members continued to be known collectively as the Unionist Party. (They are not to be confused with the contemporary Unionist Party in Scotland, which also later merged with the Conservatives.)

Philip Magnus Philip Magnus.jpg
Philip Magnus
Herringham Sir Wilmot Herringham.jpg
Herringham
General election 1918: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Philip Magnus 2,81041.56−16.58
Labour Sidney Webb 2,14131.67New
Teachers Annesley Somerville 88513.09New
Independent Wilmot Herringham 71510.58New
Ind. Unionist Charles Louis Nordon2103.11New
Majority6699.89−6.39
Turnout 6,76169.01−4.07
Registered electors 9,797
Unionist hold Swing N/A
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s

H.G. Wells H.G. Wells by Beresford.jpg
H.G. Wells
General election 1922: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Sydney Russell-Wells 3,833 51.52 +9.96
Liberal Albert Pollard 2,18029.30New
Labour H. G. Wells 1,42719.18−12.49
Majority1,65322.22+12.33
Turnout 7,44067.64−1.37
Registered electors 11,000
Unionist hold Swing
Albert Pollard Albert Pollard.jpg
Albert Pollard
General election 1923: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Sydney Russell-Wells 4,037 50.15 −1.37
Liberal Albert Pollard 2,59332.21+2.91
Labour H. G. Wells 1,42017.64−1.54
Majority1,44417.94−4.28
Turnout 8,05071.28+3.64
Registered electors 11,293
Unionist hold Swing −2.14
General election 1924: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent Ernest Graham-Little 3,202 37.06 +37.06
Unionist John Bradford 2,81332.55−17.60
Liberal Albert Pollard 1,53917.81−14.40
Labour Frank George Bushnell1,08712.58−5.06
Majority3894.51N/A
Turnout 8,64172.03+0.75
Registered electors 11,997
Independent gain from Unionist Swing
General election 1929: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent Ernest Graham-Little 5,869 53.5 +16.4
Liberal Walter Layton 2,92326.6+8.8
Unionist Sir John William Gilbert2,17919.9−12.7
Majority2,94626.9+22.4
Turnout 10,97170.5−1.5
Independent hold Swing

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1931: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Ernest Graham-Little 8,461 72.97 +19.47
Ind. Nationalist Archibald Church 3,13427.03+27.03
Majority5,32745.94+19.09
Turnout 11,59570.27−0.25
Registered electors 16,501
National hold Swing
General election 1935: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Ernest Graham-Little 8,958 69.57 −3.40
Labour Norman Angell 3,91830.43New
Majority5,04039.14−6.80
Turnout 12,87671.74+1.47
Registered electors 17,949
National hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: London University
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Ernest Graham-Little 7,618 50.49 −19.08
Independent Progressive Mary Stocks 7,46949.51New
Majority1490.98−38.16
Turnout 15,08763.00−8.74
Registered electors 23,948
National hold Swing

See also

References

  1. Pugh 1978
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   978-1-349-02349-3.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885–1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   9781349022984.

Bibliography