London University | |
---|---|
Former University constituency for the House of Commons | |
1868–1950 | |
Seats | 1 |
London University was a university constituency electing one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1868 to 1950.
This university constituency was created by the Reform Act 1867. The first election took place during the 1868 United Kingdom general election. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament, using the first past the post electoral system.
The constituency was not a physical area. Its electorate consisted of the graduates of the University of London. Before 1918 only male graduates qualified. From 1918 all graduates qualified, including women over thirty (reduced to twenty one when universal adult suffrage on equal terms was introduced before the 1929 United Kingdom general election).
The constituency was almost abolished in 1918. The original proposal of the Speaker's Conference, which considered electoral reform before the Representation of the People Act 1918 was enacted, was to combine all the English and Welsh universities except for Oxford and Cambridge into a three-member constituency. However, during consideration of the legislation it was agreed that London University should continue to return one member. The University of Wales was also given its own seat. The other universities, which were still to be combined, had their proposed representation reduced to two members. [1]
All the university constituencies were abolished in 1950, by the Representation of the People Act 1948.
This is a list of people who have represented this university in the Parliament of the United Kingdom between 1868 and 1950.
Year | Member | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
1868 | Rt Hon. Robert Lowe 1 | Liberal | |
1880 | Sir John Lubbock 2 | ||
1886 | Liberal Unionist | ||
1900 | Sir Michael Foster | ||
1903 | Liberal | ||
1906 | Philip Magnus | Liberal Unionist | |
1912 | Unionist | ||
1918 | Coalition Unionist | ||
1922 | Sir Sydney Russell-Wells 3 | Unionist | |
1924 | Sir Ernest Graham-Little 4 | Independent | |
1931 | National Independent | ||
1950 | Constituency abolished |
Notes:-
General elections, from 1918 when most constituencies polled on the same day, were on different polling days from territorial constituencies. The polls for university constituencies were open for five days.
Coalition Conservative is considered to be equivalent to Conservative, as is National Independent equivalent to Independent.
1860s – 1870s – 1880s – 1890s – 1900s – 1910s – 1920s – 1930s – 1940s |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Robert Lowe | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,160 | ||||
Liberal win (new seat) |
Lowe was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in Gladstone's government.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Robert Lowe | Unopposed | |||
Liberal hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Robert Lowe | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,485 | ||||
Liberal hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Robert Lowe | 1,014 | 65.5 | N/A | |
Conservative | Arthur Charles | 535 | 34.5 | New | |
Majority | 479 | 31.0 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,549 | 79.6 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 1,947 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Lowe was elevated to the peerage as the 1st Viscount Sherbrooke, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Lubbock | Unopposed | |||
Liberal hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Lubbock | Unopposed | |||
Liberal hold |
Lubbock joined the breakaway Liberal Unionist Party in 1886.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | John Lubbock | 1,314 | 71.8 | New | |
Liberal | Frederic Harrison | 516 | 28.2 | N/A | |
Majority | 798 | 43.6 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,830 | 71.0 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 2,579 | ||||
Liberal Unionist gain from Liberal | Swing | N/A | |||
This was a gain for the Liberal Unionist Party, but a hold for Lubbock personally.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | John Lubbock | Unopposed | |||
Liberal Unionist hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | John Lubbock | Unopposed | |||
Liberal Unionist hold |
Lubbock was elevated to the peerage as the 1st Baron Avebury, triggering a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | Michael Foster | 1,271 | 46.8 | N/A | |
Liberal | William Job Collins | 863 | 31.7 | New | |
Independent Liberal Unionist | Edward Henry Busk | 586 | 21.5 | New | |
Majority | 408 | 15.1 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 2,720 | 61.8 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 4,403 | ||||
Liberal Unionist hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | Michael Foster | Unopposed | |||
Liberal Unionist hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | Philip Magnus | 1,840 | 50.3 | N/A | |
Liberal | Michael Foster | 1,816 | 49.7 | New | |
Majority | 24 | 0.6 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 3,656 | 70.1 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 5,212 | ||||
Liberal Unionist hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | Philip Magnus | 2,625 | 57.65 | +7.32 | |
Liberal | Joseph West Ridgeway | 1,928 | 42.35 | −7.32 | |
Majority | 697 | 15.30 | +14.64 | ||
Turnout | 4,553 | 75.01 | +4.86 | ||
Registered electors | 6,070 | ||||
Liberal Unionist hold | Swing | +7.32 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal Unionist | Philip Magnus | 2,579 | 58.14 | +0.49 | |
Liberal | Victor Horsley | 1,857 | 41.86 | −0.49 | |
Majority | 722 | 16.28 | +0.98 | ||
Turnout | 4,436 | 73.08 | −1.93 | ||
Registered electors | 6,070 | ||||
Liberal Unionist hold | Swing | +0.49 | |||
The Liberal Unionist Party merged with the Conservative Party in 1912, but its former members continued to be known collectively as the Unionist Party. (They are not to be confused with the contemporary Unionist Party in Scotland, which also later merged with the Conservatives.)
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | Unionist | Philip Magnus | 2,810 | 41.56 | −16.58 |
Labour | Sidney Webb | 2,141 | 31.67 | +31.67 | |
Teachers | Annesley Somerville | 885 | 13.09 | +13.09 | |
Independent | Wilmot Herringham | 715 | 10.58 | +10.58 | |
Ind. Unionist | Charles Louis Nordon | 210 | 3.11 | +3.11 | |
Majority | 669 | 9.89 | −6.39 | ||
Turnout | 6,761 | 69.01 | −4.07 | ||
Registered electors | 9,797 | ||||
Unionist hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government. |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Sydney Russell-Wells | 3,833 | 51.52 | +9.96 | |
Liberal | Albert Pollard | 2,180 | 29.30 | +29.30 | |
Labour | H. G. Wells [ citation needed ] | 1,427 | 19.18 | −12.49 | |
Majority | 1,653 | 22.22 | +12.33 | ||
Turnout | 7,440 | 67.64 | −1.37 | ||
Registered electors | 11,000 | ||||
Unionist hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Sydney Russell-Wells | 4,037 | 50.15 | −1.37 | |
Liberal | Albert Pollard | 2,593 | 32.21 | +2.91 | |
Labour | H. G. Wells [ citation needed ] | 1,420 | 17.64 | −1.54 | |
Majority | 1,444 | 17.94 | −4.28 | ||
Turnout | 8,050 | 71.28 | +3.64 | ||
Registered electors | 11,293 | ||||
Unionist hold | Swing | −2.14 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Ernest Graham-Little | 3,202 | 37.06 | +37.06 | |
Unionist | John Bradford | 2,813 | 32.55 | −17.60 | |
Liberal | Albert Pollard | 1,539 | 17.81 | −14.40 | |
Labour | Frank George Bushnell | 1,087 | 12.58 | −5.06 | |
Majority | 389 | 4.50 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 8,641 | 72.03 | +0.75 | ||
Registered electors | 11,997 | ||||
Independent gain from Unionist | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Ernest Graham-Little | 5,869 | 53.5 | +16.4 | |
Liberal | Walter Layton | 2,923 | 26.6 | +8.8 | |
Unionist | Sir John William Gilbert | 2,179 | 19.9 | −12.7 | |
Majority | 2,946 | 26.9 | +22.4 | ||
Turnout | 10,971 | 70.5 | −1.5 | ||
Independent hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Ernest Graham-Little | 8,461 | 72.97 | +19.47 | |
Independent National | Archibald Church | 3,134 | 27.03 | +27.03 | |
Majority | 5,327 | 45.94 | +19.09 | ||
Turnout | 11,595 | 70.27 | −0.25 | ||
Registered electors | 16,501 | ||||
National hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Ernest Graham-Little | 8,958 | 69.57 | −3.40 | |
Labour | Norman Angell | 3,918 | 30.43 | +30.43 | |
Majority | 5,040 | 39.14 | −6.80 | ||
Turnout | 12,876 | 71.74 | +1.47 | ||
Registered electors | 17,949 | ||||
National hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Ernest Graham-Little | 7,618 | 50.49 | −19.08 | |
Independent Progressive | Mary Stocks | 7,469 | 49.51 | New | |
Majority | 149 | 0.98 | −38.16 | ||
Turnout | 15,087 | 63.00 | −8.74 | ||
Registered electors | 23,948 | ||||
National hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Bridgwater was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, until 2010 when it was replaced by the Bridgwater and West Somerset constituency. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
Christchurch is a constituency in Dorset represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1997 by Sir Christopher Chope of the Conservative Party.
Inverness Burghs was a district of burghs constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP).
Inverness-shire was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 until 1918.
Chippenham is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom since 2015 by Michelle Donelan, a Conservative, who also currently serves as Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology. The 2010 constituency includes the Wiltshire towns of Bradford on Avon, Chippenham, Corsham and Melksham.
County Antrim is a former UK Parliament constituency in Ireland. It was a two-member constituency and existed in two periods, 1801–1885 and 1922–1950.
Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950.
Oxford University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950. The last two members to represent Oxford University when it was abolished were A. P. Herbert and Arthur Salter.
Accrington was a parliamentary constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 to 1983. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first-past-the-post system of election.
Whitechapel was a parliamentary constituency in the Whitechapel district of East London. In 1885 the seat was established as a division of the parliamentary borough of Tower Hamlets. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Oldham was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Oldham, England. It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The constituency was created by the Great Reform Act of 1832 and was abolished for the 1950 general election when it was split into the Oldham East and Oldham West constituencies.
Heywood was a county constituency in the county of Lancashire of the House of Commons for the Parliament of the United Kingdom which existed between 1885 and 1918. Created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, it was represented by one Member of Parliament. The constituency was abolished in 1918.
East Dorset is a former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was formally known as the Eastern Division of Dorset. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was represented by one Knight of the Shire.
Bromley is a former constituency for the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The most famous MP was Harold Macmillan, Prime Minister, 1957 to 1963.
Croydon was a constituency in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1885 to 1918. As with most in its lifetime following the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, it was a seat, that elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
Ramsey was a parliamentary constituency in Huntingdonshire, which elected one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was also known as North Huntingdonshire.
Portsmouth was a borough constituency based upon the borough of Portsmouth in Hampshire. It returned two members of parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote system.
Stamford was a constituency in the county of Lincolnshire of the House of Commons for the Parliament of England to 1706 then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918. It was represented by two Members of Parliament until 1868 when this was reduced to one.
The 1945 Caernarvon Boroughs by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 26 April 1945 for the British House of Commons constituency of Caernarvon Boroughs.
The 1890 Caernarvon Boroughs by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 10 April 1890 for the British House of Commons constituency of Caernarvon Boroughs.