Lyophyllum decastes is a species of fungus in the family Lyophyllaceae. It is known as the clustered domecap in the United Kingdom[2] and the fried chicken mushroom in North America.[3] The basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid (gilled mushrooms). It forms large clusters on the ground. Considered edible, it is cultivated in Asia.
The caps are smooth, varied in color,[4] and range from 4–12cm (1+1⁄2–4+3⁄4in) wide. The whitish-grayish[4] stalks are 5–10cm (2–4in) long and 1–3cm (3⁄8–1+1⁄8in) wide. The gills are white but may yellow slightly with age. The firm flesh remains white on exposure.[5] The spores are white.[6]
The species was originally described from Sweden and is widespread throughout Europe and north temperate regions. It is prolific in summer and fall until spring on the West Coast of the United States and is widely distributed in North America.[5][7] It also occurs in eastern temperate Asia.[citation needed]
Growing in dense, often huge clusters on the ground, the mushrooms are usually found where the ground has been disturbed such as roadbeds, gravel, paths, landscaping areas, and sometimes in woods.[5] It is variously considered saprotrophic[8] or ectomycorrhizal.[9]
Uses
In North America, the species is considered edible and occasionally collected in the wild, but there are some reports of gastric upset[3] and possible confusion with poisonous Entoloma species or Clitocybe dilatata.[10]
The species is commercially cultivated in Japan, where it is known as hatake shimeji,[11] and in China, where it is known as luronggu.[12] The fungus is considered to be both a food and a health supplement and is grown on sawdust or bark compost.
↑ Phillips, R. (1981). Mushrooms and other fungi of Great Britain & Europe. Cavaye Place, London SW10 9PG: Pan Books Ltd. p.43. ISBN9780330264419.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
↑ Agerer R, Beenken L (1998). "Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Sing. + Quercus robur L.". Descriptions of Ectomycorrhizae. 3: 43–47.
↑ Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. p.115. ISBN978-0-7627-3109-1.
↑ Pokhrel CP, Yoshimoto H, Iida S, Ohga S (2004). "Mycelial growth and fruit body formation of Lyophyllum decastes in livestock compost". J. Fac. Agr., Kyushu Univ. 49 (2): 273–282. doi:10.5109/4587. hdl:2324/4587.
Moncalvo, J.-M. , Rehner, S. A. & Vilgalys, R. (1993). "Systematics of Lyophyllum section Difformia based on evidence from culture studies and ribosomal DNA sequences". Mycologia 85(5): 788–794.
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