Malvaviscus arboreus

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Malvaviscus arboreus
Starr 080716-9482 Malvaviscus arboreus.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Malvaviscus
Species:
M. arboreus
Binomial name
Malvaviscus arboreus
Varieties

See text

Synonyms [2]

Malvaviscus arboreus is a species of flowering plant in the hibiscus family, Malvaceae, [2] that is native to the American South, [3] Mexico, Central America, and South America. The specific name, arboreus, refers to the tree-like appearance of a mature plant. It is now popular in cultivation [4] and goes by many English names including wax mallow, Turk's cap (mallow), Turk's turban, sleeping hibiscus, manzanilla, manzanita (de pollo), ladies teardrop and Scotchman's purse; many of these common names refer to other, in some cases unrelated, plants. Its flowers do not open fully and help attract butterflies and hummingbirds.

Contents

Distribution

Malvaviscus arboreus is native to Central America, Mexico, and the Gulf Coast of the United States, particularly as an understory shrub in coastal Texas and Louisiana. [5]

Habitat and ecology

TurkCap or Scotchman's purse -- Malvaviscus arboreus is a flower native to Texas TurkCap or Scotchman's purse -- Malvaviscus arboreus.jpg
TurkCap or Scotchman's purse -- Malvaviscus arboreus is a flower native to Texas

Malvaviscus arboreus is a common understory shrub where it occurs in Texas and is an important food source for female and juvenile Ruby-throated Hummingbirds ( Archilochus colubri ) and Black-chinned Hummingbirds ( A. alexandri ). Each individual flower lasts two days but contains more nectar on the first day. [6]

An example occurrence of M. arboreus is within the coastal Petenes mangroves of the Yucatán region of Mexico, in which plant community it is a subdominant species. [7] M. arboreus is the primary host plant for the caterpillars of the Turk's-cap White-Skipper ( Heliopetes macaira ). [8]

Cultivation

Malvaviscus arboreus is commonly cultivated in shady to sunny sites in butterfly and hummingbird gardens across the southern United States. It can be propagated from fresh seeds or from softwood cuttings. It often blooms from May through November, but will bloom throughout a mild winter. [9]

Varieties

Related Research Articles

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Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, known colloquially as Chinese hibiscus, China rose, Hawaiian hibiscus, rose mallow and shoeblack plant, is a species of tropical hibiscus, a flowering plant in the Hibisceae tribe of the family Malvaceae. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in the tropics and subtropics, but its native range is Vanuatu.

<i>Sphaeralcea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Sphaeralcea is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family (Malvaceae). There are about 40-60 species, including annuals, perennials, and shrubs. Most originate in the drier regions of North America, with some known from South America. They are commonly known as globemallows, globe mallows, false mallows or falsemallows. The name of the genus is derived from the Greek words σφαῖρα (sphaira), meaning "sphere," and αλκεα (alkea), meaning "mallow."

<i>Thespesia</i> Family of shrubs and trees

Thespesia is a genus of 13 flowering shrubs and trees in the Hibiscus family, Malvaceae, although within the family they are more closely related to cotton plants (Gossypium). The genus is distributed from the South Pacific through Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean.

<i>Malvaviscus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Malvaviscus is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. Common names for species in this genus include Turk's cap mallow, wax mallow, sleeping hibiscus, and mazapan. It belongs to a group of genera that differ from the closely related Hibiscus in possessing a fruit divided into 5 separate parts, and having a style surmounted by 10, rather than 5, capitate or capitellate stigmas. Among those genera Malvaviscus is distinguished by having auriculate petals and red, fleshy fruits. The generic name is derived from the Latin words malva, meaning "mallow," and viscus, which means "sticky," referring to the mucilaginous sap produced by members of the genus. The fruit can be used to make jelly or syrup. Both the fruit and flowers are used to make herbal teas.

<i>Abutilon pictum</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Hibiscus clayi</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Physocarpus</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Cephalanthus occidentalis</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Grewia asiatica</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae

Grewia asiatica, commonly known as phalsa or falsa, is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family Malvaceae. It was first found in Varanasi, India, and was taken by Buddhist scholars to other Asian countries including Pakistan and the rest of the world. Grewia celtidifolia was initially considered a mere variety of phalsa, but is now recognized as a distinct species.

<i>Buxus microphylla</i> Species of flowering plant

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hibisceae</span> Tribe of flowering plants

Hibisceae is a tribe of flowering plants in the mallow family Malvaceae, subfamily Malvoideae.

<i>Waltheria indica</i> Species of flowering plant

Waltheria indica is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that has a pantropical distribution. It is believed to have originated in the Neotropics. Common names include sleepy morning, basora prieta, hierba de soldado, guimauve, mauve-gris, moto-branco, fulutafu, kafaki, and ʻuhaloa (Hawaii). W. indica is a short-lived subshrub or shrub, reaching a height of 2 m (6.6 ft) and a stem diameter of 2 cm (0.79 in). It is most common in dry, disturbed or well-drained, moist habitats. In Puerto Rico, it grows in areas that receive 750–1,800 mm (30–71 in) of annual rainfall and at elevations from sea level to more 400 m (1,300 ft).

<i>Abelmoschus ficulneus</i> Species of plant

Abelmoschus ficulneus is a species of flowering plant in the genus Abelmoschus, family Malvaceae. Commonly known as white wild musk mallow or native rosella, it is fibrous perennial with a woody stem. Its flowers are about an inch in diameter, either pink or white, with a rose center; its leaves are palmate.

<i>Wedelia acapulcensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Wedelia acapulcensis, commonly known as Acapulco wedelia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Texas in the United States, Mexico, and Central America.

<i>Pavonia hastata</i> Species of shrub

Pavonia hastata, commonly known as spearleaf swampmallow or pink pavonia, is a shrub in the family Malvaceae. The species is native to Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. It was previously considered to be native to Australia as well, but is no longer thought to be.

References

  1. Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI), IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group; González-Espinosa, M.; Ramírez-Marcial, N. (2019). "Malvaviscus arboreus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T136790582A136790584. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T136790582A136790584.en . Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  2. 1 2 "Malvaviscus arboreus". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2010-03-23.
  3. "Malvaviscus arboreus Dill. ex Cav. wax mallow". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
  4. Clay, Horace F.; James C. Hubbard (1987). Tropical Shrubs. University of Hawaii Press. p. 104. ISBN   978-0-8248-1128-0.
  5. Turner, Billie L.; Mendenhall, Meghan G. (1993). "A Revision of Malvaviscus (Malvaceae)" (PDF). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 80 (2): 439–457. doi:10.2307/2399792. hdl: 2152/31149 . ISSN   0026-6493. JSTOR   2399792.
  6. George, Mary Wissink (October 1980). "Hummingbird foraging behavior at Malvaviscus arboreus var. drummondii" (PDF). The Auk. 97 (4): 790–794. doi:10.1093/auk/97.4.790 via Searchable Ornithological Research Archive.
  7. World Wildlife Fund. eds. Mark McGinley, C.Michael Hogan & C. Cleveland. 2010. Petenes mangroves. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC Archived 2011-10-15 at the Wayback Machine
  8. "Turk's-cap White-Skipper Heliopetes macaira (Reakirt, [1867])". Butterflies and Moths of North America. Archived from the original on 2010-06-20. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
  9. "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2019-03-27.
  10. "Malvaviscus arboreus var. drummondii". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2010-03-23.
  11. "Malvaviscus arboreus var. mexicanus". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2010-03-23.

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