Marathon events have been held at the Summer Paralympic Games , for both men and women, since the 1984 Summer Paralympics in Stoke Mandeville and New York City. [1] [2] They are held as part of the Paralympic athletics programme.
Since the 1996 Games in Atlanta, marathon events, along with all other track events, have been categorised as follows: [3] [4] [5]
Heinrich Koeberle of Germany, active from 1984 to 2000, is the most successful Paralympic marathon competitor to date, having won four gold medals and one silver. Among the women, Connie Hansen of Denmark and Jean Driscoll of the United States have each won two Paralympic marathons. [6] [7]
At the 1984 Games in Stoke Mandeville and New York, seven marathons were held for men, and four for women, all for wheelchair athletes. In the men's event 1A, only three runners started the race: Heinrich Koeberle from West Germany, his compatriot H. Lobbering (full name not recorded), and Rainer Kueschall of Switzerland. Only Koeberle reached the finish line. [10] In women's event 5, there were only two competitors, both from Mexico. Both reached the finish line. [11]
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon 1A | Heinrich Koeberle ![]() | ||
Marathon 1B | J. Matsson ![]() | Peter Schmid ![]() | Ronan Rooney ![]() |
Marathon 1C | Alan Dufty ![]() | D. Wallen ![]() | Eduardo Monsalvo ![]() |
Marathon 2 | Heinz Frei ![]() | Paul Clark ![]() | Graham Condon ![]() |
Marathon 3 | André Viger ![]() | Gregor Golombek ![]() | R. Sampson ![]() |
Marathon 4 | Rick Hansen ![]() | Jean Francois Poitevin ![]() | R. Minor ![]() |
Marathon 5 | Mel Fitzgerald ![]() | B. Hedrick ![]() | Tom Foran ![]() |
Women's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon 2 | J. Schiff ![]() | Patricia Hill ![]() | Dora Garcia ![]() |
Marathon 3 | G. Beyer ![]() | Julie Russell ![]() | D. Smith ![]() |
Marathon 4 | J. Randles ![]() | Kay McShane ![]() | S. Norman ![]() |
Marathon 5 | Juana Soto ![]() | E. Belmont ![]() |
The number of events at the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul was expanded to eleven for men, but restricted to three for women (with category 5 being closed).
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon 1A | Heinrich Koeberle ![]() | Rainer Kueschall ![]() | Bart Dodson ![]() |
Marathon 1B | Serge Raymond ![]() | Jan-Owe Mattsson ![]() | Clayton Gerein ![]() |
Marathon 1C | John Brewer ![]() | Alan Dufty ![]() | Johann Kastner ![]() |
Marathon 2 | Marc Quessy ![]() | Paul Clark ![]() | Michael Trujillo ![]() |
Marathon 3 | André Viger ![]() | Urs Scheidegger ![]() | Phil Carpenter ![]() |
Marathon 4 | Jean Francois Poitevin ![]() | Farid Amarouche ![]() | Rafael Ibarra ![]() |
Marathon 5-6 | Jonathon Puffenberger ![]() | Tom Foran ![]() | Georg Schrattenecker ![]() |
Marathon A1–3/A9/L1–2 | Mustapha Badid ![]() | Philippe Couprie ![]() | Ted Vince ![]() |
Marathon B1 | Joerund Gaasemyr ![]() | David Jakubovich ![]() | Carlos Roberto Sestrem ![]() |
Marathon B2 | Stephen Brunt ![]() | Paul Collet ![]() | David Mills ![]() |
Marathon B3 | Carlos Talbott ![]() | Mark Farnell ![]() | Wieslaw Miech ![]() |
Women's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon 2 | Tami Oothoudt ![]() | Ann Walters ![]() | Patricia Hill ![]() |
Marathon 3 | Candace Cable-Brooks ![]() | Sherry Ann Ramsey ![]() | Itsuko Maeda ![]() |
Marathon 4 | Connie Hansen ![]() | Tracy Miller ![]() | Kay McShane ![]() |
At the 1992 Games in Barcelona, the number of events for men was cut to six: three for wheelchair athletes, and three for visually impaired athletes. The number of events for women was further reduced, down to one, for wheelchair athletes.
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon B1 | Carlo Durante ![]() | Tofiri Kibuuka ![]() | Steve Brooks ![]() |
Marathon B2 | Stephen Brunt ![]() | José Ortiz ![]() | Paul Collet ![]() |
Marathon B3 | Mark Farnell ![]() | Anton Sluka ![]() | Timo Pulkkinen ![]() |
Marathon TW1 | Heinrich Koeberle ![]() | Rainer Kueschall ![]() | Giuseppe Forni ![]() |
Marathon TW2 | Clayton Gerein ![]() | Christoph Etzlstorfer ![]() | Greg Smith ![]() |
Marathon TW3–4 | Heinz Frei ![]() | Claude Issorat ![]() | Jeddie Schabort ![]() |
Women's event
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon TW3–4 | Connie Hansen ![]() | Jennette Jansen ![]() | Lily Anggreny ![]() |
At the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta, the current categorisation system was introduced. Seven events were held for men, and one for women.
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T10 | Harumi Yanagawa ![]() | Carlo Durante ![]() | Nicolas Ledezma ![]() |
Marathon T11 | Waldemar Kikolski ![]() | Tomasz Chmurzynski ![]() | Francisco Perez ![]() |
Marathon T12 | Anton Sluka ![]() | Mark Farnell ![]() | J. Onofre da Costa ![]() |
Marathon T42–46 | Javier Conde ![]() | Joseba Larrinaga ![]() | Mark Brown ![]() |
Marathon T50 | Heinrich Koeberle ![]() | Bart Dodson ![]() | Tim Johansson ![]() |
Marathon T51 | Brent McMahon ![]() | Clayton Gerein ![]() | Patrick Cottini ![]() |
Marathon T52–53 | Franz Nietlispach ![]() | Kazuya Murozuka ![]() | Heinz Frei ![]() |
Women's event
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T52–53 | Jean Driscoll ![]() | Kazu Hatanaka ![]() | Deanna Sodoma ![]() |
The same number of events (seven for men, one for women) were maintained at the 2000 Summer Games in Sydney.
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T11 | Carlos Amaral Ferreira ![]() | Robert Matthews ![]() | Carlo Durante ![]() |
Marathon T12 | Waldemar Kikolski ![]() | Stephen Brunt ![]() | Moises Beristain ![]() |
Marathon T13 | Ildar Pomykalov ![]() | Anton Sluka ![]() | Roy Daniell ![]() |
Marathon T46 | Javier Conde ![]() | Mark Brown ![]() | Michael Keohane ![]() |
Marathon T51 | Alvise de Vidi ![]() | Heinrich Koeberle ![]() | Thorsten Oppold ![]() |
Marathon T52 | Clayton Gerein ![]() | Christoph Etzlstorfer ![]() | Thomas Geierspichler ![]() |
Marathon T54 | Franz Nietlispach ![]() | Krige Schabort ![]() | Heinz Frei ![]() |
Women's event
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T54 | Jean Driscoll ![]() | Kazu Hatanaka ![]() | Wakako Tsuchida ![]() |
At the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, the number of events for men was reduced to five (one for totally blind athletes, one for visually impaired athletes, and three for wheelchair athletes), while a single wheelchair event was maintained for women.
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T11 | Yuichi Takahashi ![]() | Carlos Ferreira ![]() | Andrea Cionna ![]() |
Marathon T13 | Ildar Pomykalov ![]() | Roy Daniell ![]() | Linas Balsys ![]() |
Marathon T51 | Alvise De Vidi ![]() | Stefan Strobel ![]() | Edgar Navarro ![]() |
Marathon T52 | Toshihiro Takada ![]() | Thomas Geierspichler ![]() | Clayton Gerein ![]() |
Marathon T54 | Kurt Fearnley ![]() | Kelly Smith ![]() | Tomasz Hamerlak ![]() |
Women's event
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T54 | Kazu Hatanaka ![]() | Wakako Tsuchida ![]() | Cheri Blauwet ![]() |
At the 2008 Games in Beijing, the number of events for men was again reduced, down to four (one for visually impaired athletes, one for upper limb amputees, two for wheelchair athletes), while a single women's wheelchair event was maintained.
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T12 | Qi Shun ![]() | Elkin Serna ![]() | Ildar Pomykalov ![]() |
Marathon T46 | Mario Santillan ![]() | Tito Sena ![]() | Walter Endrizzi ![]() |
Marathon T52 | Thomas Geierspichler ![]() | Hirokazu Ueyonabaru ![]() | Toshihiro Takada ![]() |
Marathon T54 | Kurt Fearnley ![]() | Hiroki Sasahara ![]() | Ernst van Dyk ![]() |
Women's event
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T54 | Edith Hunkeler ![]() | Amanda McGrory ![]() | Sandra Graf ![]() |
At the 2012 Games in London, the number of events for men was once more reduced, down to three (one for visually impaired athletes, one for upper limb amputees, one for wheelchair athletes), while a single women's wheelchair event was maintained.
Men's events
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T12 | Alberto Suarez Laso ![]() | Elkin Serna ![]() | Abderrahim Zhiou ![]() |
Marathon T46 | Tito Sena ![]() | Abderrahman Khamouch ![]() | Frederic Van den Heede ![]() |
Marathon T54 | David Weir ![]() | Marcel Hug ![]() | Kurt Fearnley ![]() |
Women's event
Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
Marathon T54 | Shirley Reilly ![]() | Shelly Woods ![]() | Sandra Graf ![]() |
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() | 9 | 8 | 10 | 27 |
2 | ![]() | 9 | 4 | 6 | 19 |
3 | ![]() | 5 | 5 | 5 | 15 |
4 | ![]() | 5 | 3 | 3 | 11 |
5 | ![]() | 4 | 6 | 3 | 13 |
6 | ![]() | 4 | 6 | 2 | 12 |
7 | ![]() | 4 | 3 | 3 | 10 |
8 | ![]() | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 |
9 | ![]() | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
10 | ![]() | 2 | 5 | 1 | 8 |
11 | ![]() | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
12 | ![]() | 2 | 1 | 5 | 8 |
13 | ![]() | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
14 | ![]() | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
15 | ![]() | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
16 | ![]() | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
![]() | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
![]() | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
19 | ![]() | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
![]() | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
21 | ![]() | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
22 | ![]() | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
23 | ![]() | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
24 | ![]() | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
![]() | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
26 | ![]() | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
![]() | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
![]() | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
29 | ![]() | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
![]() | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
![]() | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
![]() | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Totals (32 entries) | 63 | 66 | 61 | 190 |
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