Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Athletics
at the XV Paralympic Games
Athletics; at the XV Paralympic Games
Venue	Estádio Olímpico João Havelange
Dates	8–18 September 2016
Competitors	1100 (660 men, 440 women)
	←2012 2020→

Last updated November 25, 2024

Athletics events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held in the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from September 2016. 177 events were held across both genders where 1,100 athletes competed. The athletics programme was the largest element of the Games programme in terms of entrants and medals awarded.

Classification and events

Athletes are given a classification depending on the type and extent of their disability. The classification system allows athletes to compete against others with a similar level of function.

The athletics classifications are:

11–13: Blind (11) and visually impaired (12, 13) athletes
20: Athletes with an intellectual disability
31–38: Athletes with cerebral palsy; 31-34 for wheelchair events, 35-38 for ambulant (running) events
40-41: Les Autres (others) (including people with dwarfism)
42–47: Amputees
51–58: Athletes with a spinal cord disability

The class numbers were given prefixes of "T" and "F" for track and field events, respectively. High jump and Long jump, while field events, usually attract a "T" classification

Visually impaired athletes classified 11 run with full eye shades and a guide runner, those classified 12 have the option of using a guide, while those classified 13 do not use a guide runner. Guide runners are awarded medals alongside their athletes.

On 9 June 2015, the IPC announced the final make up of the Rio 2016 athletics programme. There were several changes in the programme, including the elimination of triple jump events, and the reduction of events requiring a factoring system, as this was seen^{[ by whom? ]} to undermine the image of the event as sport.

The following is a summary of all athletics events which took place at the Games:^[1]

Event summary table

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics - Men's Events (96)
Classification Event	Visual Impairment			ID	Cerebral Palsy athletes T32-34 Wheelchair : T35-38 Ambulant							RG		Amputee athletes						Wheelchair athletes Spinal injuries
	T11	T12	T13	T20	T32	T33	T34	T35	T36	T37	T38	T40	T41	T42	T43	T44	T45	T46	T47	T51	T52	T53	T54	T55	T56	T57
	F11	F12	F13	F20	F32	F33	F34	F35	F36	F37	F38	F40	F41	F42	F43	F44	F45	F46	F47	F51	F52	F53	F54	F55	F56	F57
Track events
100 metres	●	●	●			●	●	●	●	●	●			●	>>	●	>>	>>	●	●	●	●	●
200 metres	●	●						●						●	>>	●
400 metres	●	●	●	●					●	●	●				>>	●	>>	>>	●	●	●	●	●
800 metres							●		●												>>	●	●
1500 metres	●	>>	●	●						●	●						>>	●		>>	●	>>	●
5000 metres	●	>>	●																			>>	●
Marathon	>>	●															>>	●			>>	>>	●
4 × 100 m relay	●													●
4 × 400 m relay																						●
Field events
High Jump														●		●	>>	>>	●
Long Jump	●	●		●					●	●	●			●	>>	●	>>	>>	●
Shot Put	>>	●		●	●	●	●	●	●	●		●	●	●								●	>>	●	>>	●
Discus	●									●					>>	●				>>	●		>>	>>	●
Javelin		>>	●				●				●	>>	●	>>	>>	●		●				>>	●		>>	●
Club throw					●															●

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics - Women's Events (81)
Classification Event	Visual Impairment			ID	Cerebral Palsy athletes T32-34 Wheelchair : T35-38 Ambulant							RG		Amputee athletes						Wheelchair athletes Spinal injuries
	T11	T12	T13	T20	T32	T33	T34	T35	T36	T37	T38	T40	T41	T42	T43	T44	T45	T46	T47	T51	T52	T53	T54	T55	T56	T57
	F11	F12	F13	F20	F32	F33	F34	F35	F36	F37	F38	F40	F41	F42	F43	F44	F45	F46	F47	F51	F52	F53	F54	F55	F56	F57
Track events
100 metres	●	●	●			>>	●	●	●	●	●			●	>>	●	>>	>>	●	>>	●	●	●
200 metres	●	●						●	●						>>	●	>>	>>	●
400 metres	●	●	●	●		>>	●			●	●				>>	●	>>	>>	●	>>	●	●	●
800 metres							●														>>	●	●
1500 metres	●	>>	●	●																		>>	●
5000 metres																						>>	●
Marathon	>>	●																			>>	>>	●
4 × 100 m relay	●							●
4 × 400 m relay																						●
Field events
Long Jump	●	●		●						●	●			●	>>	●	>>	>>	●
Shot Put	>>	●		●	●	●	●	●	●	●		●	●									●	●		>>	●
Discus Throw	●									>>	●	>>	●		>>	●				>>	●		>>	●	>>	●
Javelin		>>	●				●			●							>>	●				>>	●	>>	●
Club throw					●															●

Key:

ID : Classifications for intellectual disability
RG : Les Autres classification, including dwarfism and restricted growth
● : Event in this classification
>> : Competitors in this classification may take part in event for the next competed classification, e.g. T33 may compete in T34 event, or both T35 and T36 athletes may compete in a T37 event.

Schedule

OC	Opening ceremony	●	Event finals	CC	Closing ceremony

September 2016	7 Wed	8 Thu	9 Fri	10 Sat	11 Sun	12 Mon	13 Tue	14 Wed	15 Thu	16 Fri	17 Sat	18 Sun		Gold medals
Athletics	OC	10	20	16	19	14	19	14	19	14	25	5	CC	177

Participating nations

A total of 1,139 athletes from 146 nations competed.

Medal summary


Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	China (CHN)	32	23	12	67
2	United States (USA)	16	15	11	42
3	Great Britain (GBR)	15	7	11	33
4	Germany (GER)	9	9	7	25
5	Brazil (BRA)	8	14	11	33
6	Tunisia (TUN)	7	6	6	19
7	Cuba (CUB)	6	1	3	10
8	South Africa (RSA)	5	6	4	15
9	Poland (POL)	4	9	4	17
10	Ukraine (UKR)	4	8	7	19
11	Algeria (ALG)	4	5	6	15
12	Thailand (THA)	4	3	2	9
13	Australia (AUS)	3	9	14	26
14	Canada (CAN)	3	3	2	8
15	France (FRA)	3	2	4	9
15	New Zealand (NZL)	3	2	4	9
17	Greece (GRE)	3	2	2	7
17	Spain (ESP)	3	2	2	7
19	Morocco (MAR)	3	2	1	6
20	Netherlands (NED)	3	1	3	7
20	Uzbekistan (UZB)	3	1	3	7
22	Kenya (KEN)	3	1	2	6
23	Malaysia (MAS)	3	0	1	4
24	Italy (ITA)	2	2	2	6
25	Ireland (IRL)	2	2	1	5
26	Switzerland (SUI)	2	2	0	4
27	Belgium (BEL)	2	1	1	4
27	India (IND)	2	1	1	4
29	Iraq (IRQ)	2	1	0	3
30	Latvia (LAT)	2	0	2	4
31	Nigeria (NGR)	2	0	1	3
32	Iran (IRI)	1	6	5	12
33	Mexico (MEX)	1	2	3	6
34	Namibia (NAM)	1	2	2	5
35	Colombia (COL)	1	1	5	7
36	Argentina (ARG)	1	1	2	4
37	Croatia (CRO)	1	1	1	3
	Finland (FIN)	1	1	1	3
	Serbia (SRB)	1	1	1	3
	Trinidad and Tobago (TTO)	1	1	1	3
	United Arab Emirates (UAE)	1	1	1	3
42	Lithuania (LTU)	1	1	0	2
43	Bahrain (BRN)	1	0	0	1
	Bulgaria (BUL)	1	0	0	1
	Kuwait (KUW)	1	0	0	1
46	Japan (JPN)	0	4	3	7
47	Azerbaijan (AZE)	0	4	1	5
48	Venezuela (VEN)	0	3	2	5
49	Qatar (QAT)	0	2	0	2
50	South Korea (KOR)	0	1	2	3
51	Denmark (DEN)	0	1	1	2
52	Egypt (EGY)	0	1	0	1
	Ethiopia (ETH)	0	1	0	1
	Hungary (HUN)	0	1	0	1
	Ivory Coast (CIV)	0	1	0	1
	Uganda (UGA)	0	1	0	1
57	Austria (AUT)	0	0	2	2
57	Portugal (POR)	0	0	2	2
59	Belarus (BLR)	0	0	1	1
	Cape Verde (CPV)	0	0	1	1
	Czech Republic (CZE)	0	0	1	1
	Mozambique (MOZ)	0	0	1	1
	Pakistan (PAK)	0	0	1	1
	Saudi Arabia (KSA)	0	0	1	1
	Slovakia (SVK)	0	0	1	1
	Sri Lanka (SRI)	0	0	1	1
	Turkey (TUR)	0	0	1	1
	Vietnam (VIE)	0	0	1	1
Totals (68 entries)		177	178	175	530

Related Research Articles

Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practiced by people with a disability as a parasport. The athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. Certain able-bodied events are rarely contested as para-athletic events outside deaf sport; pole vault, triple jump, hammer and the three hurdling events. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability.

The Summer Paralympics, also known as the Games of the Paralympiad, are an international multi-sport event where athletes with physical disabilities compete. This includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy. The Paralympic Games are held every four years, organized by the International Paralympic Committee. Medals are awarded in every event, with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition that the Olympic Games started in 1904.

The Winter Paralympic Games is an international multi-sport event where athletes with physical disabilities compete in snow and ice sports. The event includes athletes with mobility impairments, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy. The Winter Paralympic Games are held every four years directly following the Winter Olympic Games and hosted in the same city. The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) oversees the Games. Medals are awarded in each event: with gold for first place, silver for second, and bronze for third, following the tradition that the Olympic Games began in 1904.

Athletics at the 2000 Summer Paralympics comprised a total of 234 events, 165 for men and 69 for women. Athletes were classified according to the extent and type of their disability.

The 2011 IPC Athletics World Championships was held in Christchurch, New Zealand from January 21 to 30, 2011. Athletes with disabilities competed, and the Championships were a qualifying event for the London 2012 Paralympic Games.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics</span>

Athletics events at the 2012 Summer Paralympics were held in the Olympic Stadium and in The Mall in London, United Kingdom, from 31 August to 9 September 2012.

T38 and CP8 are disability sport classification for disability athletics intended for people with cerebral palsy. It includes people who have coordination impairments such as hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis. Runners in this class may appear to have a slight limp when they are running but otherwise have a stride similar to able-bodied runners. Events for this class include 100 meters, 400 meters, 1,500 meters, and the long jump.

B1 is a medical-based Paralympic classification for blind sport. Athletes in this classification are totally or almost totally blind. It is used by a number of blind sports including blind tennis, para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing, blind cricket, blind golf, five-a-side football, goalball and judo. Some other sports, including adaptive rowing, athletics and swimming, have equivalents to this class.

Para-athletics classification is a system to determine which athletes with disabilities may compete against each other in para-athletics events. Classification is intended to group together athletes with similar levels of physical ability to allow fair competition. Classification was created and is managed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), which is regularly published via its IPC Athletics Classification Handbook. People with physical, vision and intellectual disabilities are eligible to compete in this sport at the Summer Paralympics. The classification for this sport was created during the 1940s and for much of its early history was a medical condition based classification system. The classification system has subsequently become a functional mobility based one, and is moving towards an evidence-based classification system.

Athletics events at the 2012 Summer Paralympics were held in the Olympic Stadium and in The Mall in London, United Kingdom, from 31 August to 9 September 2012.

Athletics events at the 2012 Summer Paralympics were held in the Olympic Stadium and in The Mall in London, United Kingdom, from 31 August to 9 September 2012. Five throwing events were staged for class F40, athletes with dwarfism.

The 2012 IPC Athletics European Championships was a track and field competition for athletes with a disability open to International Paralympic Committee (IPC) affiliated countries within Europe. It was held in Stadskanaal, Netherlands and lasted from 23 to 28 June. The event was held in the Stadskanaal Stadium and was the last major European disability athletics event before the forthcoming 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. Approximately 550 athletes from 38 countries attended the games. Several countries used the Championships to finalise the remaining places for the Paralympics.

The 2014 IPC Athletics European Championships was a track and field competition for athletes with a disability open to International Paralympic Committee (IPC) affiliated countries within Europe, plus Azerbaijan and Israel. It was held in Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom and lasted from 18 to 23 August. The competition was staged at Swansea University Stadium. Approximately 550 athletes from 37 countries attended the games.

The men's marathon at the 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships was held in the streets of London on 26 April as part of the 2015 London Marathon.

The women's marathon at the 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships was held in the streets of London on 26 April as part of the 2015 London Marathon.

Namibia competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 September to 18 September 2016.

The 2016 IPC Athletics European Championships was a track and field competition for athletes with a disability open to International Paralympic Committee (IPC) affiliated countries within Europe, plus Israel. It was held in Grosseto, Italy and took part between 10 and 16 June. The competition was staged at Stadio Olimpico Carlo Zecchini. Approximately 700 athletes from 35 countries attended the games. This was the last edition of the event held under the IPC Athletics title.

The 2018 World Para Athletics European Championships was a track and field competition for athletes with a disability open to International Paralympic Committee (IPC) affiliated countries within Europe, plus Azerbaijan and Israel. It was held in Berlin, Germany and took place between 20 and 26 August 2018 at the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark. 596 athletes from 35 countries competed during the championships.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics were held in the National Stadium in Tokyo. There was 167 medal events: 93 for men, 73 for women and one mixed event. It was the largest contest of the Games programme regarding athlete numbers and medal events to be scheduled.

Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics was held at the Stade de France and Les Invalides in Paris. There were 164 events: 90 for men, 73 for women and one mixed event, three fewer men's events than the previous Games while the women's and mixed events remain the same. It was the largest contest of the Games programme regarding athlete numbers and medal events to be scheduled.

References

↑ Final Paralympic Games Athletics Programme from www.paralympics.org, Official website of the IPC.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Final Paralympic Games Athletics Programme from www.paralympics.org, Official website of the IPC.

[1]