Massimo Bottura

Last updated

Massimo Bottura
Massimo Bottura, from World's 50 Best Restaurants Awards 2012.JPG
Bottura at the World's 50 Best Restaurants Awards in 2012
Born (1962-09-30) 30 September 1962 (age 62)
Modena, Italy
Culinary career
Cooking style Italian
Current restaurant(s)

Massimo Bottura (born 30 September 1962) is an Italian chef, gastronome and entrepreneur.

Contents

Massimo Bottura is Chef and owner of Osteria Francescana (located in the historic center of his native Modena), [1] which has earned three Michelin stars and a green Michelin star. [2] The restaurant has been ranked among the top restaurants in the world, including first place in The World's 50 Best Restaurants in 2016 and 2018. [3]

In 2014, the chef won the White Guide Global Gastronomy Award, which honors individuals who have made outstanding contributions to gastronomy. [4]

Early life, family and education

Born and raised in Modena, Massimo Bottura developed an interest in cooking from a young age, watching his mother, grandmother and aunt as they prepared meals. [5]

After graduating from secondary school, he enrolled in law school at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, but in 1986 he interrupted his studies and chose instead to join the family business.

Career

Training and early career

Bottura initially worked as a wholesaler of petroleum products. [6] Also in 1986, however, he took over Trattoria del Campazzo, [7] near Nonantola, where he studied Emilian cuisine with the support of rezdora (matriarch) Lidia Cristoni. [8] He later studied French cuisine by taking lessons from Georges Coigny, which provided him with a culinary foundation that combined regional Italian cuisine with classical French training. [9] [10]

In 1993 he moved to New York and worked in an Italian café. There he met Lara Gilmore, his future wife. [11] After nine months, he returned to Modena and in 1994 began an internship of several months with Alain Ducasse at his restaurant Le Louis XV in Monte Carlo. [12] He returned to Modena and took over a traditional trattoria in the heart of the city, Osteria Francescana, which officially opened on 19 March 1995. [13] In 2000, Catalan chef Ferran Adrià invited Bottura to the kitchen of his restaurant El Bulli in Spain, where the Modenese chef learned the basics of molecular cuisine. [14]

Osteria Francescana

On 19 March 1995, Bottura opened Osteria Francescana in the historic center of Modena. [15] Osteria Francescana holds three Michelin stars, a distinction that has been maintained since 2012. [16] It has been ranked first on The World's 50 Best Restaurants list twice, in 2016 and 2018. [3] Since 2019, the restaurant has been part of the Best of the Best list, a category that includes all the restaurants that have ranked first on The World's 50 Best Restaurants list and are no longer eligible for voting in future editions. [17] The restaurant has also received top marks from L'Espresso , Gambero Rosso and the Touring Club guide. [18]

In 2020, Osteria Francescana was awarded the new Michelin Green Star for its constant commitment against food waste and in favor of a more equitable and sustainable food system. [2]

Ascension

In 2002, Bottura received his first Michelin star, followed by the second in 2006 and the third in 2012. [2]

In 2011, again in Modena, he took over the restaurant Franceschetta58. [19] It provides a more casual dining experience than his first restaurant, serving local ingredients in a convivial atmosphere. [20]

In 2013, he participated in the Year of Italian Culture in the United States [21] and was featured in an episode of the fifth season of the TV series Il Testimone , hosted by Pif. [22]

He is one of the ten directors of the training center Basque Culinary Center. [23]

In 2015, he was the featured chef in the first episode of the Netflix documentary Chef's Table . [24]

In October 2016, he was named one of The Greats by The New York Times. [25]

In 2018, Gucci Osteria da Massimo Bottura opened in Florence with the aim of honoring the union between local traditions and multicultural encounters. The restaurant was awarded its first Michelin Star in 2019. In February 2019, Bottura worked in collaboration with W Hotels to open Torno Subito at W Dubai - The Palm on Palm Jumeirah. At the beginning of 2020, Gucci Osteria da Massimo Bottura also opened location in Beverly Hills, California. More locations followed: Tokyo (August 2021) and Seoul (February 2022). [26] In 2024, he opened Torno Subito in Singapore, [27] in collaboration with COMO Group, [28] and a few months later also Torno Subito Miami. [29]

In 2019 he was named among Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People. [30] In May of the same year he opened a new concept of hospitality together with his wife, Casa Maria Luigia, a guest house in an 18th-century property in the Emilian countryside. [31] In 2024, the guest house obtained three Michelin keys. [32]

In June 2020, together with other chefs, architects, Nobel Prize winners in economics and leaders of international organizations, he signed the appeal for a purple economy ("For a cultural renaissance of the economy") published in Corriere della Sera , [33] El País [34] and Le Monde . [35]

In June 2021, Bottura reopened the restaurant Cavallino in collaboration with Ferrari and the architect and designer India Mahdavi. [36]

Beyond restaurants

Beyond his work in the restaurant industry, Massimo Bottura has been producing IGP balsamic vinegar and extra virgin olive oil since 1995 with his line of condiments, Villa Manodori, which was the result of his search for the highest-quality ingredients. [37]

In September of the same year, Massimo Bottura was appointed Goodwill Ambassador for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) during the inauguration of the International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste. [38] Since 21 September 2024, he has been an ambassador for the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). [39] [40] In September 2025, he created the menu of the G7 Agriculture at the Neapolis Archaeological Park. [41]

Food for Soul

In 2015, coinciding with the Milan Expo 2015, Bottura collaborated with Caritas Ambrosiana to create a project called the Refettorio Ambrosiano. [42]

In Brazil, the project was inaugurated during the 2016 Summer Olympic Games in collaboration with chef David Hertz, resulting in the Refettorio Gastromotiva. [43]

In 2015, Bottura and his wife founded Food for Soul, a non-profit organization that, through the daily work of the Refettorios around the world, focuses on combating food waste and social isolation through the quality of ideas and the value of hospitality. [44] [45]

To raise awareness about these issues, Massimo Bottura published the book Bread is Gold in 2017, published by Phaidon PressIl Pane è Oro, published in Italian by Ippocampo and Phaidon. The book gathers recipes, ideas, and experiences from the chefs who first cooked at the Refettorio Ambrosiano, inviting readers to look at the ingredients in their pantries and refrigerators with new eyes. Since then, Food for Soul has developed several projects worldwide in collaboration with local partners. By creating community spaces where people are invited to connect around a meal, Food for Soul aims to demonstrate the value and potential of people, places, and food while encouraging the served community to support social change. [46]

In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Refettorios of Food for Soul continued to work and support those in need. Furthermore, a fundraising campaign was launched, which enabled the recovery of over 35 tons of food surplus in a single month and the delivery of more than 100,000 meals to vulnerable people and frontline healthcare workers. [47]

Refettorios Mérida and Lima opened their doors in 2020, along with Refettorio Harlem in New York and Refettorio San Francisco in California. In 2021, the Refettorio OzHarvest in Sydney and Refettorio Geneva in Switzerland were launched. In 2024, the Refettorio Modena will reopen, while other projects are in development. [48]

Kitchen Quarantine

In March 2020, after the temporary closure of Osteria Francescana due to the first COVID-19 lockdown, Massimo and his daughter Alexa started Kitchen Quarantine, a series of Instagram live broadcasts conducted by the Bottura family every night during quarantine. The project was created to interact with families around the world, cook together and exchange ideas on how to reduce household food waste; an innovative way to bring an extra smile during a particularly difficult time for communities around the world. The 24th annual Webby Awards honoured Massimo Bottura with a 2020 Webby Special Achievement Award as Chef of the Year for his Kitchen Quarantine series, showcasing his family meals to fans around the world. [49]

Books

Books translated in other languages

Honors, prizes and awards

2002

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

References

  1. "Michelin Guide restaurants in the UK and abroad". ViaMichelin. 5 October 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 "Osteria Francescana – Modena - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant". MICHELIN Guide. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  3. 1 2 "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  4. "Italian Chef Massimo Bottura Awarded "Nobel" of Gastronomy". ITALY Magazine. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  5. "Massimo Bottura Biography". allamericanspeakers.com. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
  6. roberto (16 November 2016). "Massimo Bottura: quando la cucina è arte!" (in Italian). Italian Food Academy. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  7. "The First Day I Got My Michelin Star: Massimo Bottura Of Osteria Francescana In Modena". Michelin Guide. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  8. "Addio a Lidia Cristoni, la rezdora che ha fatto da maestra a Massimo Bottura". Identità Golose (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  9. "Honorary Degree to Massimo Bottura". bbs.unibo.eu. BBS, University of Bologna Business School. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  10. "The Inspired Series with Massimo Bottura". lukemangan.com. Luke Mangan & Company. 9 July 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  11. "Behind the Scenes of Casa Maria Luigia with Lara Gilmore". issimoissimo.com. Issimo. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  12. "Massimo". Identità Golose (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  13. "Massimo Bottura, tre stelle non bastano". Esquire (in Italian). 1 March 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  14. "L'insostenibile leggerezza del genio: Ferran Adrià, e la sua rivoluzione senza fine". la Repubblica (in Italian). 12 June 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  15. "Massimo Bottura, Osteria Francescana***". libreriagastronomica.com. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
  16. "Third Michelin star for Massimo Bottura". Foodtripper.com. 28 January 2021. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  17. 1 2 3 4 "Best of the Best | Osteria Francescana". theworlds50best.com. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  18. Olmsted, Larry. "The Best Restaurant In Italy -- Or Best Restaurant In The World?". Forbes . Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  19. "La nuova Franceschetta di Massimo Bottura e Bernardo Paladini | Ultime notizie". reportergourmet.com (in Italian). 8 May 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  20. "Franceschetta 58 – Francescana Family casual restaurant". franceschetta.it (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  21. Carlino, il Resto del (4 March 2013). "Con Massimo Bottura Modena vola negli Stati Uniti" (in Italian). il Resto del Carlino. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  22. Gusto, Scatti di (2 July 2014). "Pif, Il Testimone: anche gli chef stellati mangiano filetti di baccalà. Bottura, per esempio". Scatti di Gusto (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  23. "L'Espresso - News, inchieste e approfondimenti". lespresso.it (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  24. "Netflix, Massimo Bottura protagonista del documentario 'Chef's Table'". ModenaToday (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  25. "The Greats". The New York Times. 17 October 2016. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  26. "Gucci Osteria". Gucci Osteria. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  27. "Home". Torno Subito. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  28. "HOME". COMO Group. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  29. "Torno Subito Miami". tornosubitomia.com. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  30. "Massimo Bottura: The 100 Most Influential People of 2019". Time . Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  31. "Casa Maria Luigia". Casa Maria Luigia. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  32. "Casa Maria Luigia - Modena". Michelin Guide (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  33. "Per un rinascimento culturale dell'economia". corriere.it (in Italian). Corriere della Sera. 6 July 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  34. "'Por un renacimiento cultural de la economía': el manifiesto de una veintena de intelectuales para una nueva época". El País (in Spanish). 7 June 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  35. "'En dépit de son importance croissante, le culturel n'a pas suffisamment été pensé comme un écosystème'". Le Monde (in French). 7 June 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  36. Hood, Bryan (21 June 2021). "Ferrari and Massimo Bottura Have Teamed Up to Revive the Marque's Storied Restaurant". Robb Report. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  37. "Villa Manodori - Massimo Bottura's luxury line of condiments" (in Italian). Villa Manodori Food. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  38. 1 2 "UNEP appoints renowned Italian chef and food system activist Massimo Bottura as Goodwill Ambassador". unep.org (Press release). United Nations Environment Programme, United Nations. 29 September 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  39. "Massimo Bottura". unpartnerships.un.org. UN Office for Partnerships. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  40. Redazione (20 September 2024). "Massimo Bottura è ambasciatore Onu per il suo impegno sociale". La Cucina Italiana (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  41. Iacono, Enrica (18 September 2024). "Ecco chi sono gli Chef presenti al G7 Agricoltura di Siracusa. E ci sarà anche un campo di grano". Cronache di Gusto (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  42. "Refettorio Ambrosiano". caritasambrosiana.it. Caritas Ambrosiana. 13 August 2018. Archived from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  43. "Bottura crea una mensa per i poveri alle Olimpiadi". La Stampa. 13 August 2018. Archived from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  44. Rcg, Admin (14 April 2017). "Il Refettorio di Bottura negli Usa con Rockefeller Foundation". Foodcommunity (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  45. Spena, Anna (6 July 2017). "Refettorio Ambrosiano, il piatto da esportazione di Bottura". Vita.it (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  46. "Food for Soul". Food for Soul. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  47. "Coronavirus, lo chef Bottura lancia un fondo per i refettori di Food for Soul". La Difesa del Popolo (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  48. "Refettorios". Food for Soul. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  49. 1 2 "NEW Webby Gallery + Index". webbyawards.com. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  50. 1 2 "Tutti i libri di Massimo Bottura, l'evoluzione dello chef stellato tra le pagine delle sue opere". finedininglovers.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 15 September 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  51. Parmigiano reggiano - Bottura, Massimo, Puksic, Janez - Libri (in Italian). ASIN   8895056027 .
  52. "Il primo libro di Massimo Bottura: 'Vieni in Italia con me'". italiasquisita.net. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  53. ""Il Pane è Oro" di Massimo Bottura". enogallery.eu. Enozioni. 28 November 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  54. "Scopri l'intervista allo chef Massimo Bottura e il suo libro 'Slow Food Fast Cars'". lofficielitalia.com (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  55. "Massimo Bottura & Osteria Francescana celebreMagazine". 19 August 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  56. "Massimo Bottura: "Les chefs ne peuvent plus se contenter de faire la cuisine"". L'Express (in French). 1 April 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  57. "Chef Massimo Bottura's new book, Bread is Gold, praises ordinary ingredients". Australian Financial Review. 14 November 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  58. 1 2 3 S.r.l, Reporter Gourmet. "A talented and committed chef, Massimo Bottura is one of the most influential personalities on the global gastronomic scene". reportergourmet.com. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  59. 1 2 3 Tibaldi, Andrea. "Massimo Bottura". Cibo360.it. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  60. "Giovanni Gandini - the best restaurants". giovannigandinithebestrestaurants.com. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  61. 1 2 3 4 "Premio della Regione a Massimo Bottura". Festa Artusiana (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  62. "Giovanni Gandini - the best restaurants". giovannigandinithebestrestaurants.com. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  63. "La storia di Golosaria". golosaria.it (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  64. "Massimo Bottura". La7.it (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  65. Carrera, Fabrizio (24 October 2016). "Guida ai Ristoranti d'Italia del Gambero Rosso: le Tre Forchette e tutti i premiati". Cronache di Gusto (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  66. "Anche la Guida Ristoranti dell'Espresso 2009 ci racconta le sue novità". vinix.com. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  67. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  68. Redazione (2 July 2009). ""Reporter del gusto", premiati: Elisa Isoardi e Massimo Bottura". Newsfood.com (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  69. 1 2 3 4 5 "Massimo Bottura, la gavetta, il sogno, la laurea: "Ecco come sono arrivato fino a qui"". la Repubblica (in Italian). 6 February 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  70. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  71. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  72. "El Interior del Mejor Restaurante del Mundo: Osteria Francescana" . Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  73. "La Guida ristoranti Gambero Rosso 2012". italiasquisita.net. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  74. Forbes, Paula (16 November 2011). "Italy 2012 Michelin Guide Announced; Bottura Gets Three". Eater. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  75. Gusto, Scatti di (22 March 2022). "Michelin, Gambero, Espresso. Massimo Bottura vince su tutti". Scatti di Gusto (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  76. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  77. "Guida L'Espresso: tutti i punteggi". salaecucina.it (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  78. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  79. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  80. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  81. S.r.l, Reporter Gourmet (17 November 2014). "Gambero Rosso: tutte le classifiche della guida Ristoranti d'Italia 2015 | Ultime notizie". reportergourmet.com (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  82. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  83. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  84. "Premio Nazionale Toson d'Oro" (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  85. "Massimo Bottura laureato ad honorem all'Università di Bologna" [Massimo Bottura Honorary Degree at the University of Bologna]. magazine.unibo.it (in Italian). University of Bologna. 7 February 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2025. Massimo Bottura is an exemplary case of managing a small Italian family business, achieving unprecedented success and global fame in just a few years.
  86. "The World's 50 Best Restaurants | Previous Lists". 50B - Restaurants - GLOBAL. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  87. "Ambrogini 2018 - Municipality of Milan". Comune di Milano. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  88. "E ora Massimo Bottura è ufficialmente un artista: laureato ad honorem all'accademia di Belle Arti". la Repubblica (in Italian). 23 April 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  89. "How the Gucci Osteria in Florence won its first Michelin star". South China Morning Post. 7 December 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  90. Burton, Monica (7 November 2019). "Michelin Announces 2020 Stars for Italy". Eater. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  91. Schachter, Margo (23 January 2022). "Cos'è la stella verde Michelin e come ottenerla?". La Cucina Italiana (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  92. roberto (24 September 2020). "A MASSIMO BOTTURA IL PREMIOLINO BMW SPECIALMENTE PER L'INCLUSIONE SOCIALE 2020". SpecialMente (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  93. Montagnoli, Livia (15 September 2020). "Il progetto Food for Soul di Bottura vince il Compasso d'Oro". Gambero Rosso (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  94. "I migliori ristoranti secondo la guida Espresso 2021 - Civiltà del bere". civiltadelbere.com. 31 May 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  95. Marino, Valentina (23 November 2020). "I migliori ristoranti d'Italia nella nuova Guida del Gambero uscita oggi. Ecco quali sono". Gambero Rosso (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  96. Santis, Antonella De (29 September 2021). "Michelin California: Stella per Gucci Osteria". Gambero Rosso (in Italian). Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  97. Santis, Antonella De (10 May 2022). "Ristoranti d'Italia 2022 de L'Espresso: lista premiati". Gambero Rosso (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  98. Paolini, Antonio (22 November 2021). "I migliori ristoranti d'Italia nella nuova Guida del Gambero uscita oggi. Ecco quali sono". Gambero Rosso (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  99. Salibian, Sandra (16 November 2022). "Gucci Osteria Tokyo Receives First Michelin Star". WWD.com. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  100. "America Award – XII Edition". italiausa.org. Fondazione Italia USA. 23 October 2022. Archived from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  101. "Massimo Bottura and Lara Gilmore are "Culinary Diplomats"". lamilano.it/en/ (in Italian). 23 May 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  102. "A Massimo Bottura il premio "No Waste" a Identità Milano 2023". Identità Golose Web: magazine italiano di cucina internazionale (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  103. Cassieri, Fabrizio (11 May 2023). "EMILIA ROMAGNA - A Massimo Bottura il Premio Confartigianato Cultura 2023: "Sono un artigiano ossessionato dalla qualità"". Confartigianato Imprese (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  104. Redazione (4 June 2023). "Massimo Bottura premiato dall'American Academy in Rome". La Cucina Italiana (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  105. Bellegotti, Giada (23 June 2023). "Le Farnèse d'Or celebra la cucina italiana candidata con un premio a Massimo Bottura". La Cucina Italiana (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  106. "Torna la Guida dell'Espresso: il numero 1 è sempre Bottura ma tra i 24 premiati nessuna donna". la Repubblica (in Italian). 21 November 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  107. O'Neill, Sean (7 May 2024). "8 Italian Hotels Get Michelin's Top 'Key' Rating". Skift. Retrieved 20 January 2025.
  108. Fiengo, Laura (13 June 2024). "Tra Meloni e Macron finirà a torte in faccia? Il menu del G7 rivelato da Massimo Bottura potrebbe aiutare". Vanity Fair Italia (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  109. Forbes.it (23 November 2023). "Quali sono i migliori ristoranti d'Italia secondo la nuova Guida L'Espresso". Forbes Italia (in Italian). Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  110. "The Michelin Guide Italy 2025 surprise: Giancarlo Perbellini raised the number of three-star restaurants to 14". WineNews.it. 5 November 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2025.