Maurandya scandens

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Maurandya scandens
Maurandya scandens 2020-07-31 01.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Genus: Maurandya
Species:
M. scandens
Binomial name
Maurandya scandens
Synonyms [2]
  • Asarina scandens(Cav.) Pennell
  • Maurandya semperflorensOrtega, nom. superfl.
  • Reichardia scandens(Cav.) Roth
  • Usteria scandensCav.

Maurandya scandens, also known as trailing snapdragon and snapdragon vine, is a climbing herbaceous perennial native to Mexico, with snapdragon-like flowers and untoothed leaves. It is grown as an ornamental plant in many parts of the world, and has commonly escaped from cultivation to become naturalized. Other names for this plant include creeping snapdragon, vining snapdragon, creeping gloxinia and chickabiddy. [3]

Contents

Description

The perennial plant grows up to 2-3 meters tall or long. The alternate, lanceolate to arrow-shaped, entire and lobed to coarsely toothed, pointed, on the lobes, teeth often fine-pointed leaves sit on 8 to 42 millimeters long petioles. The bare leaf blades are 11 to 62 long and 4 to 45 millimeters wide. The shoot axes often form adventitious roots. [4]

It has been confused with Lophospermum scandens , which has longer flowers and larger, toothed leaves. [2] It resembles Maurandya barclayana , which has blue-violet flowers and hairy rather than hairless sepals. [2] It is semi-deciduous in the colder areas.

Flowers and reproduction

Botanical illustration Maurandya scandens - Bot.Rep. v.1 pl.63.jpg
Botanical illustration

The hermaphrodite, tubular flowers appear axillary and solitary, and come in many different colours including rose pink, violet, indigo blue or white, with double perianth. The fivefold flowers feature a wide throat on long, glabrous pedicels, 30 to 85 millimeters long. [4]

The small, ovate-lanceolate and just overgrown tips of the calyx are 10 to 15 millimeters long. They are 2 to 4 millimeters wide at the base and they are bare to sparsely covered with glandular hairs. The crown, slightly hairy on the outside, with shorter, rounded to indented, expansive lobes has two lips.

The 4 short, dynamic stamens are included. The superior, two-chambered ovary is usually bald and the bald, enclosed, relatively short style is 13 to 16 millimeters long. It flowers profusely between spring and summer, and irregularly in the cool months.

The asymmetrical, irregularly ovoid and many-seeded, cartilaginous seed capsules are 10 to 12 millimeters long and are divided into slightly unequal subjects. [5]

Range

The original distribution area are rocky slopes, canyons and disturbed areas in tropical and subtropical forests in southern Mexico at 1200 to 2200 meters above sea level. The species prefers a medium-humid (mesic) biotope. It seems to have established its habitat from the north along the calcareous Sierra Madre and south into the volcanic belt. Due to human displacement, occurrences are now found worldwide. [6]

Cultivation

Cultivars include Joan Lorraine with velvety purple flowers, [7] Snow White with white flowers [8] and Mystic Rose with fuchsia flowers. [9]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Campanula latifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Rhodochiton</i> Genus of flowering plants

Rhodochiton is a genus of flowering plants within the family Plantaginaceae, native to southern Mexico and neighbouring Guatemala. They climb by means of twining leaf stalks. One of the three species, Rhodochiton atrosanguineus, the purple bell vine, is grown as an ornamental plant. All three species are sometimes included in Lophospermum.

<i>Momordica balsamina</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Lophospermum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Lophospermum is a genus of herbaceous perennial climbers or scramblers, native to mountainous regions of Mexico and Guatemala. Those that climb use twining leaf stalks. Their flowers are tubular, in shades of red, violet and purple, the larger flowers being pollinated by hummingbirds. Now placed in the greatly expanded family Plantaginaceae, the genus was traditionally placed in the Scrophulariaceae. The close relationship with some other genera, particularly Maurandya and Rhodochiton, has led to confusion over the names of some species.

<i>Maurandya barclayana</i> Species of flowering plant

Maurandya barclayana, commonly called angels trumpet or Mexican viper, is an ornamental plant in the family Plantaginaceae native to Mexico.

<i>Malva sylvestris</i> Species of flowering plant

Malva sylvestris is a species of the mallow genus Malva in the family of Malvaceae and is considered to be the type species for the genus. Known as common mallow to English-speaking Europeans, it acquired the common names of cheeses, high mallow and tall mallow as it migrated from its native home in Western Europe, North Africa and Asia through the English-speaking world.

<i>Dalibarda</i> Genus of flowering plants

Dalibarda repens(dewdrop, false violet, star violet, Robin runaway. French Canadian: dalibarde rampante) is a perennial plant in the rose family, native to eastern and central Canada and to the northeastern and north-central United States. It is the only species in the genus Dalibarda, which is closely allied with the genus Rubus. The species is often included in the genus Rubus as Rubus repens (L.) Kuntze. It is fairly easily grown in shady locations in damp to wet, acidic soils, and is frequently used in wildflower and bog gardens as a ground-cover.

<i>Antirrhinum filipes</i> Species of flowering plant

Antirrhinum filipes is an annual species of North American snapdragon, usually known by the common name yellow twining snapdragon. This herbaceous plant is native to deserts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it is common.

<i>Asarina</i> Genus of flowering plants

Asarina is a flowering plant genus of only one species, Asarina procumbens Mill. the trailing snapdragon, which is native to France and Spain and introduced in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Hungary. Originally placed in the Scrophulariaceae, the genus has more recently been moved to the Plantaginaceae. Species from North America formerly placed in the genus Asarina are now placed in Holmgrenanthe, Lophospermum, Mabrya and Maurandya, as well as Neogaerrhinum. Asarina is now regarded as exclusively an Old World genus.

<i>Maurandya</i> Genus of flowering plants

Maurandya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae, native to Mexico and the south west United States. They sprawl or climb by means of twining leaf stalks. One of the four species, Maurandya barclayana, is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant.

<i>Holmgrenanthe</i> Genus of flowering plants

Holmgrenanthe petrophila is a rare perennial desert plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae), and the sole species of the genus Holmgrenanthe. It forms low mats of branched stems growing from a woody base. The leaves have small spines along their edges. The solitary yellow flowers are tubular with five free lobes at the end, the upper two pointing backwards, the lower three projecting forwards. The species is known only from about ten locations, most in the Titus Canyon and the adjacent Fall Canyon, all within the Californian section of Death Valley National Park. It grows in limestone crevices on the canyon walls, often on the north face.

<i>Lophospermum erubescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Lophospermum erubescens, known as Mexican twist or creeping gloxinia, is a climbing or sprawling herbaceous perennial plant, native to the Sierra Madre Oriental mountains of Mexico, where it is found along forest margins or canyon walls. It climbs by means of twining leaf stalks. Wild plants have pink and white tubular flowers, although other colours are found in cultivation. It has been cultivated as an ornamental plant since at least 1830. Although not frost-hardy, it will survive if its base and roots are protected from freezing in the winter. It has escaped from cultivation and become naturalized in tropical and subtropical areas of the world.

<i>Lophospermum scandens</i> Species of flowering plant

Lophospermum scandens is a scambling or climbing herbaceous perennial native to south central Mexico, with red-violet and white tubular flowers and toothed heart-shaped leaves. It grows at elevations between 1,400 and 2,400 m in dry habitats, including deciduous oak forests and recent lava flows. The long-tubed flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds. It has been used in gardens as an ornamental plant since the mid-19th century. Its roots require protection from frost in regions where this occurs in the winter. Hybrids of L. scandens are also grown.

<i>Mabrya</i> Genus of flowering plants

Mabrya is a genus of flowering plants in the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. It consists of herbaceous perennials with brittle upright or drooping stems, found in dry areas of Mexico and the southern United States.

<i>Maurandya wislizeni</i> Species of flowering plant

Maurandya wislizeni is a scrambling or climbing herbaceous annual native to Mexico and the south western United States where it grows in sand dunes. It has tubular flowers in shades of blue to violet and white and more-or-less triangular untoothed leaves. It has been placed in a separate genus as Epixiphium wislizeni.

<i>Maurandya antirrhiniflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Maurandya antirrhiniflora, known as roving sailor or climbing snapdragon, is a scrambling or climbing herbaceous perennial native to Mexico and the south western United States where it grows in a variety of relatively dry habitats. It has sometimes been put into a separate genus as Maurandella antirrhiniflora.

Mabrya rosei is a mat-forming herbaceous perennial native to the Mexican states of Jalisco and Zacatecas. It has tubular flowers, whitish at the base and red to red-violet at the apex. It was first described by Philip A. Munz in 1926 in the genus Maurandya and transferred to Mabrya by Wayne J. Elisens in 1985. Munz did not explain the origin of the epithet rosei but listed the collector of the type specimen as Joseph Nelson Rose.

References

  1. "Maurandya scandens", The Plant List, retrieved 2014-08-15
  2. 1 2 3 Elisens, Wayne J. (1985), "Monograph of the Maurandyinae (Scrophulariaceae-Antirrhineae)", Systematic Botany Monographs, 5: 1–97, doi:10.2307/25027602, JSTOR   25027602
  3. How to Grow and Care for Snapdragon Vine by The Spruce
  4. 1 2 "Maurandya scandens". Plant Finder, Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  5. GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS By Mark T. Strong (Jan 2021). Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  6. Edwin J. Reidel, Emilie A. Rennie, Véronique Amiard, Lailiang Cheng, Robert Turgeon (2009), "Phloem Loading Strategies in Three Plant Species That Transport Sugar Alcohols", Plant Physiology, vol. 149, no. 3, pp. 1601–1608, doi:10.1104/pp.108.134791, PMC   2649384 , PMID   19129415 {{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. Asarina scandens 'Joan Lorraine' Annie's Annuals & Perennials
  8. Asarina scandens, 'Snowwhite' Climbing Snapdragon Chiltern Seeds
  9. Asarina scandens 'Mystic Rose' Sarah Raven