Morong, Rizal

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Morong
Bayan 'ñg Morong
Municipio de Morón
Municipality of Morong
Philippinelandmarkdsjf0171 31.JPG
Street in Morong
Flag of Morong, Rizal.png
Morong rizal.png
Motto: 
Where Education is first.
Ph locator rizal morong.png
Map of Rizal with Morong highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Morong, Rizal
Philippines location map (square).svg
Red pog.svg
Morong
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°30′46″N121°14′19″E / 14.5127°N 121.2385°E / 14.5127; 121.2385
Country Philippines
Region Calabarzon
Province Rizal
District 2nd district
Founded September 30, 1578
Barangays 8 (see Barangays)
Government
[1]
  Type Sangguniang Bayan
   Mayor Sidney B. Soriano
   Vice Mayor Jose Fred R. Feliciano Jr.
   Representative Emigdio P. Tanjuatco III
   Municipal Council
Members
   Electorate 41,363 voters (2022)
Area
[2]
  Total
37.58 km2 (14.51 sq mi)
Elevation
44 m (144 ft)
Highest elevation
272 m (892 ft)
Lowest elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2020 census) [3]
  Total
71,151
  Density1,900/km2 (4,900/sq mi)
   Households
16,113
Economy
   Income class 2nd municipal income class
   Poverty incidence
9.00
% (2021) [4]
   Revenue 316.7 million (2022)
   Assets 717.1 million (2022)
   Expenditure 237.1 million (2022)
   Liabilities 211.4 million (2022)
Service provider
  ElectricityManila Electric Company (Meralco)
Time zone UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
1960
PSGC
IDD : area code +63(0)2
Native languages Tagalog
Major religionsRoman Catholic
Catholic diocese Diocese of Antipolo
Patron saint St. Jerome
Website morongrizal.gov.ph

Morong, officially the Municipality of Morong (Tagalog : Bayan ng Morong), is a municipality located in the province of Rizal, Philippines. As per the 2020 census, Morong has a population of 71,151 people. [3]

Contents

The town is also known for promoting education as its priority, with the vision "Una Ang Edukasyon" (Education First). During the 1970s until the early-1990s, Morong became a center of education with students from nearby towns of Rizal coming to study in the numerous academic institutions situated in the town.

Some popular town attraction are the St. Jerome's Parish Church built in the Spanish Era as well as the featuring side dish called balaw-balaw.

Morong is 28 kilometers (17 mi) from Antipolo and 45 kilometers (28 mi) from Manila.

History

Discovery, founding and Christianization

On January 16, 1572, Captain Juan Maldonado, a trusted officer under Martin de Goiti, a Deputy of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, came to a thriving community by a river while leading a Spanish contingent exploring the areas East of Manila. They named the community, Morón, after a township in Iberia (some site near Santarém, Portugal). This happened almost a year after Martín de Goiti occupied Manila after routing the forces of Rajah Soliman (Sulayman). [5]

The Spaniards found an organized community along both banks of the river but outlying settlements / barangays were in conflict with each other. The barangays were subjugated and the natives Christianized starting 1578 by Franciscan missionaries Juan de Placencia and Diego de Oropesa. They constructed chapels (visitas) attached to a bigger settlement to allow religious and civil administration. Later, this settlement was converted into a pueblo. which they called Pueblo de Moron. Baras, Tanay, Pililla, Binangonan were the visitas under Pueblo de Morong. [5]

Pueblo de Morón was made the provincial capital of the Franciscan Order at that time. [5]

The visita of Pilang separated from Morón and became the independent town of Pililla. Binangonan followed in 1621. [5]

Politico-Militar Distrito de Morong

National historical marker unveiled in 1971 Morong NHC historical marker.jpg
National historical marker unveiled in 1971

The Politico-Militar Distrito de Morong or Distrito de Morong was created out of the provinces of Manila and Laguna, composing the pueblos of Morong, Pililla, Tanay, Baras, Binangonan, Jalajala, Angono, Antipolo, Boso-Boso, Cainta and Taytay. [5] Morong served as the district capital until 1901, when the district was dissolved due to the establishment of Rizal province.

During the Spanish colonization in the Philippines, each town (pueblo) was administered by a gobernadorcillo, elected annually by all natives of the locality, subject to the approval of the superior government in located in Manila. In the 19th century, gobernadorcillos were elected by 12 cabezas de barangay. [5]

In the pueblo of Morong, it was different. A gobernadorcillo was not elected but was appointed by the governor of the province based on his economic wealth, training and educational background. He chose his own people and were not elected to help him with his duties. They did not receive salary but were exempted from paying taxes and doing forced labor. [5]

Public works built under forced labor

Morong Church and bridge Morong Church and Bridge, Philippines.jpg
Morong Church and bridge

Puente de San Geronimo

The original Bridge of Morong was made of adobe stones, shaped and placed together, forming an arch over the river. The strength and stability of the bridge came from the weight of its wedge-shaped stone blocks and its upright position. The stones were cemented with mortar, a mixture of fine sand, lime, molasses and juice of ground puso-puso leaves. Heavy piers of the arch were planted on the opposite banks of the river. No metals were used during its construction from 1696 to 1701. [5]

St. Jerome Parish Church

The Catholic church was constructed by men, women and children from stones dug from a hill called Kay Ngaya; lime from the stones of the mountain Kay Maputi; sand and gravel from Morong River; and timber were contributed by the townspeople. [5]

Irrigation works

In 1850, Fr. Maximo Rico drew the plan of the irrigation dam at Uugong where it drew water from the falls and supervised the construction of the irrigation canal from Uugong dam to the ricefield in San Pedro. The canal measured 501 meters long and 2.1 meters deep. Other sources say that the construction started by Franciscan priests in 1848. [5]

Commandancia

La Commandancia Commandancia 02.JPG
La Commandancia

During the period of Spanish colonization, this building housed the Comandacia del Distrito Politico-Militar de Morong, the seat of Government for the Distrito. It was originally made of adobe stones, hard wood and galvanized iron sheets for roofing. During the early American period, it was converted into a school. It was damaged after the second world war, but rebuilt with alterations and continued to be used as a primary school building. It was later torn down and rebuilt using reinforced concrete materials. It was used as the municipal office building for the government of Morong. Currently, the second floor of the building serves as a museum which can be visited today.

Bantayan and Torrita

Bantayan was a small guardhouse where civil guards were stationed at the entrance of the town. On the other hand, a torrita was a small tower with bells that provided the signal directed to the central station in front of the Commandancia. [5]

World War I

Tomas Claudio Monument Tomas Claudio Monument.JPG
Tomas Claudio Monument

The first Filipino to die in World War I was Private Tomas Mateo Claudio, who served with the U.S. Marine Corps as part of the American Expeditionary Forces to Europe. He died in the Battle of Château Thierry in France on June 29, 1918. The Tomas Claudio Memorial College in Morong, which was founded in 1950, was named in his honor. The main street of the town was also named in his honor.

World War II

The Puente de San Geronimo (old Morong Bridge) was intentionally blasted by the guerrillas so that Japanese troops could not cross and occupy the Northern part of Morong and Rizal until reinforcements could come. The plan worked for a few days but Japanese troops were eventually able to cross the river at a shallower part farther downriver. The Japanese occupation of the town was broken up by then-Lieutenant Edwin Ramsey, leading the last cavalry charge in U.S. military history with horses from the 26th Cavalry Regiment which he and a platoon of Philippine Scouts had ridden there from Fort Stotsenburg. [6] [7] [8]

During the Liberation, Filipino troops of the 4th and 42nd Infantry Division of the Philippine Army and 4th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary including the recognized guerrillas of the Col. Markings Guerrillas and the Hunters ROTC guerrillas liberated and captured the towns in Morong, defeated Japanese forces and forced them to surrender by the end of the War.

Geography

Climate

Climate data for Morong, Rizal
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)26
(79)
27
(81)
28
(82)
31
(88)
31
(88)
30
(86)
29
(84)
29
(84)
29
(84)
29
(84)
28
(82)
27
(81)
29
(84)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)22
(72)
22
(72)
22
(72)
23
(73)
25
(77)
25
(77)
25
(77)
25
(77)
24
(75)
24
(75)
23
(73)
22
(72)
24
(74)
Average precipitation mm (inches)40
(1.6)
33
(1.3)
35
(1.4)
38
(1.5)
138
(5.4)
190
(7.5)
242
(9.5)
216
(8.5)
224
(8.8)
200
(7.9)
114
(4.5)
94
(3.7)
1,564
(61.6)
Average rainy days12.29.011.011.721.524.027.226.126.822.316.315.1223.2
Source: Meteoblue [9]

Barangays

The Political Map of Morong, Rizal (Subject for correction). This shows the barangays of Morong, Rizal and the adjacent city/municipality in the area. MORONG, RIZAL POLITICAL MAP.png
The Political Map of Morong, Rizal (Subject for correction). This shows the barangays of Morong, Rizal and the adjacent city/municipality in the area.

Morong is politically subdivided into 8 barangays with 3 situated in the poblacion. [10] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

San Guillermo

In terms of area, San Guillermo or San Guilmo as it is locally called, is the biggest of the eight barangays of Morong. It borders the towns of Binangonan, Teresa and Tanay.

Brgy. San Guillermo is a farming community with a population of 6,522 and 1,377 total dwellings (2000 census). While majority in the barrio depend on farming as a livelihood, many others are engaged in businesses such as garment, poultry and piggery.

San Isidro Labrador is the patron Saint of San Guillermo, a feast in his honor is celebrated annually 15 May. In 2005, the small chapel of San Isidro Labrador became a full pledge Parish in the Diocese of Antipolo serving 10,500 Catholics.

Also in 2005, San Guillermo National High School was established.

The first wave of San Guillermo immigrants to America came in the early-1900s. San Guillermo natives living in California maintain their cultural heritage by hosting a gathering on Memorial Day in celebration of feast of patron saint San Isidro Labrador. Most San Guillermo natives live in the metropolitan areas of Los Angeles and San Francisco, and the feast is alternately celebrated in both cities since its conception in 1979.

Maybancal

Caballero monument, Barangay Maybancal Morong,Rizaljf5767 14.JPG
Caballero monument, Barangay Maybancal

Located in the east of the town, the main industries in Brgy. Maybancal are farming, food and textile manufacturing. There are about 8,709 residents living in the area with the ratio of men to women of 1:2.

San Juan

Barangay San Juan is Morong's center of business and trade. It is said to be the highest remitting income revenue among the barangays of the town.

Also located in Brgy. San Juan is the town's parish church & St. Jerome's Academy. The facade of St. Jerome Parish Church is a Department of Tourism recognized tourist spot.

San Pedro

Barangay San Pedro is the capital barangay of Morong. It lies adjacent with the Laguna Bay in the east, bounded at the south with the town of Cardona, on the west by Brgy. Bombongan and on the north by Brgy. San Jose and Brgy. San Juan.

Brgy. San Pedro has a total land area of 368 hectares (910 acres) and around 7,000 people as of 2010 census.

As a poblacion barangay, the offices of the Local Government of Morong are based in San Pedro.

Brgy. San Pedro is also the center of education in Morong. Several educational institution can be found in the barangay, namely San Pedro Day Care Center, Jose S. Mapa, St. Claire School, Jesus My Shepherd Montessori School, Renaissance School of Science and Technology, EAST Systems Colleges of Rizal, Inc., and Timoteo A. Reyes Elementary School.

Landmarks such as Morong Town Plaza, "Statwa ng Magsasaka", and "Puking Bato" sa Boulevard Park are also found in Brgy. San Pedro.

Lagundi

Barangay Lagundi is the easternmost barangay of Morong, Rizal. Its main road Raymundo Street connects the northernmost barangay to the boundary of Baras, Rizal and the capital of Rizal Province, Antipolo.

There are two public elementary schools in the barangay, namely: Lagundi Elementary School and Pulong Kumunoy Elementary School. To cater the needs of accessibility of students, Morong National High School annexed a campus beside the Lagundi Elementary School.

Commercial establishments are abundant, most especially to the entry point. Alfamart and certain stores and restaurant chains are located within the vicinity. During All Saint's Day, the area is known to be a marketplace for flowers from Baguio and neighboring municipalities in Cordillera.

The barangay's patron saint is the Immaculate Heart of Mary and Sunday masses are celebrated in the chapel every 5 P.M. presided by a Roman Catholic Priest from the mother parish, St. Jerome Church. During the feast day in June, a procession is often held.

Demographics

Population census of Morong
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 5,276    
1918 6,840+1.75%
1939 8,623+1.11%
1948 10,035+1.70%
1960 13,694+2.62%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1970 18,970+3.31%
1975 21,058+2.12%
1980 24,858+3.37%
1990 32,165+2.61%
1995 36,048+2.16%
YearPop.±% p.a.
2000 42,489+3.59%
2007 50,538+2.42%
2010 52,194+1.18%
2015 58,118+2.07%
2020 71,151+4.06%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [11] [12] [13] [14]

In the 2020 census, the population of Morong, Rizal, was 71,151 people, [3] with a density of 1,900 inhabitants per square kilometre or 4,900 inhabitants per square mile.

Religion

60% of the population in Morong Rizal is composed of Roman Catholics. Other religions in town are the following: |2|

Economy

Poverty incidence of Morong

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2006
4.80
2009
2.24
2012
3.50
2015
4.93
2018
3.81
2021
9.00

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22]

Landmarks

The view of old Uugong falls at the Uugong park resort Uugong.jpg
The view of old Uugong falls at the Uugong park resort

Culture and tradition

St. Jerome image displayed at the main altar of the church during his feast day St. jerome.JPG
St. Jerome image displayed at the main altar of the church during his feast day
The main tableau of the 2010 Pabasang Bayan in Morong Pabasa 2010.JPG
The main tableau of the 2010 Pabasang Bayan in Morong

Artistry

Kayas Kawayan: art made of Bamboo KAYAS KAWAYAN.JPG
Kayas Kawayan: art made of Bamboo

Morong is also known for its "Kayas Kawayan". The town is the first and is known to make Baluwartes, an art made of bamboo, with intricate designs. Usually used during special events such as weddings, cordero, and fiestas, its usually found in the entrance gate of the event. During cordero, the lamb which is made of cake, sweet potatoes and potatoes, is placed and processioned around the town until the church in a small kayas kawayan, carried by men, adorned with flowers. Now this art is being copied by the nearby towns.

Games

Some of the famous games in Morong, Rizal are the following. This dates from the 1940s to 1997.

Hospitals

Education

Notable personalities

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