Morula | |
---|---|
A dorsal view of a shell of Morula striata | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
Order: | Neogastropoda |
Superfamily: | Muricoidea |
Family: | Muricidae |
Subfamily: | Ergalataxinae |
Genus: | Morula Schumacher, 1817 |
Type species | |
Morula papillosaSchumacher, 1817 | |
Synonyms [1] | |
|
Morula is a genus of small, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfalily Ergalataxinae of the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. [1]
Species within the genus Morula include:
In 2002, Roland Houart described two new species and revised eight others, for a total 23 species of Morulasensu stricto. [52] He had previously (1994–1995) described Habromorula as a separate genus, containing 14 species that were earlier classified with Spinidrupa sensu lato. [53] In 2004, he placed Azumamorula , Oppomorus , and Habromorula into Morula as subgenera, and moved the whole group from subfamily Rapaninae to Ergalataxinae. [54]
In 2012–2013, Claremont et al. published a study of sequences for four genes across numerous species of Morula and related molluscs. [55] They found a clade of 11 species, and proposed a restricted definition of Morula to include: M. aspera, M. benedicta, M. (Habromorula) biconica, M. chrysostoma, M. (H.) coronata, M. (H.) japonica, M. nodicostata, M. (H.) spinosa, M. (H.) striata,M. uva (type species), and M. zebrina.
Habromorula did not form a clade in this analysis, however the authors noted that "monophyly of this morphologically distinctive group is not strongly contradicted, so that further sampling and analysis could yet support Habromorula as a monophyletic subgenus of Morula".
Subgenus Morula (Oppomorus) formed a separate clade; the authors proposed returning Oppomorus to genus level, containing O. nodulifera, O. funiculata and O. purpureocincta.
M. ceylonica, M. granulata, M. marginalba, M. musiva, and an undescribed species formed a distinct clade related to Muricodrupa. The authors proposed resurrecting the genus name Tenguella , for which T. granulata is the type species. They note that these species "have not previously been recognized as a morphologically distinctive group".
"Morula" anaxares was weakly related to Muricodrupa fenestrata, and "Morula" nodulosa was sister to the Tenguella–Muricodrupa group. "Morula" parva and "Morula" echinata placed in a third major clade, separate from the two that contain Tenguella and the main Morula group, respectively.
In response to the gene-sequence phylogeny, Houart, Zuccon and Puillandre formally described new genera in 2019: Claremontiella , Murichorda , and Lauta . [56] C. nodulosa, C. consanguinea, Mur. rumphiusi, and L. parva were previously in Morula. They also moved Morula anaxares to Muricodrupa anaxares , and reassigned M. palmeri to Pascula , the latter on basis of morphology rather than gene sequence.
Thais, sometimes known by the common names dog winkles or rock shells, is a genus of medium to large predatory sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae.
Ocenebra is a genus of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Ocenebrinae of the family Muricidae, the murex and rock snails.
Engina is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Pisaniidae.
Pisania is a genus of marine whelk in the family Pisaniidae. Some species prey on barnacles.
Columbella is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.
Azumamorula mutica, common name the smooth ricinula, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. It is the only species in genus Azumamorula.
Morula whiteheadae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. The species was named in honour of Thora Whitehead.
Muricodrupa anaxares is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Before 2019, it was classified as Morula anaxares.
Tenguella granulata, common name the mulberry shell or the granulated drupe, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Coralliophila is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Coralliophilinae, the coral snails, within the family Muricidae, the murex snails and rock snails.
Cronia is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Drupa is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. It occurs in the Indo-Pacific.
Muricodrupa is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Ergalataxinae of the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Nassa is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Rapaninae of the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Pascula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Pteropurpura is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Ocenebrinae of the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Semiricinula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Rapaninae of the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Ergalataxinae is a taxonomic subfamily of small to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks within the family Muricidae, the rock snails. In this subfamily, the aragonitic shell has 0–2 varices.
Tenguella is a genus of small, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
Claremontiella is a genus of small, predatory sea snails, related to the genera Tenguella and Muricodrupa. Its members are marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(help)