Mukden Medical College (also spelt Moukden Medical College) was a medical school in Mukden (now Shenyang), China, founded in 1892 as the Sheng Jing Medical School (this was primarily an 'apprentice' school teaching medical assistants).
In 1892 eight young men were enrolled for a 5-year programme and as a result, a preliminary medical school, the Shenching (or Sheng Jing) Medical School, was established. Between 1892 and 1910 Dr. Christie lobbied and fund-raised in China and Scotland as he wished to open a more formal medical school. In 1911 a four-storey building was completed beside the hospital and the college accepted its first students and opened as the Mukden Medical College in January 1912. This College was supported by the Conference of the Scottish and Irish (Presbyterian) Missions and the Danish Missions in Manchuria. In 1934 the University of Edinburgh recognised graduates of the College, which allowed them to gain admittance to various graduate programmes in Edinburgh. From 1939 to 1945 the Mukden Medical College was renamed, in English, the Christie Memorial Medical College to avoid confusion with the (Japanese) Manchuria Medical College – run by the South Manchuria Railway – which was also in Mukden.
The original name, Mukden Medical College, was restored in 1945 and it was briefly known as the Liaoning Medical College before being absorbed in 1949 (along with the Manchuria Medical College) by the China Medical University, the first medical school established by the Chinese Communist Party.
The hospital today
The Mukden Medical College operated a teaching hospital, in fact it grew out of the hospital founded by Dugald Christie. After 1949, when the MMC was absorbed by the China Medical University (PRC), this hospital became known as the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of the China Medical University. It is now known as the Sheng Jing Hospital
Fulton, Austin. Through Earthquake Wind and Fire. Church and Mission in Manchuria 1867-1950. Saint Andrew Press, Edinburgh. 1967.
Pedersen, Barbara. China Diary, 1912-1946 137 p. [1946] A diary, primarily of the years from 1935-1945 at MMC, Dr and Mrs Pedersen were interned from 1941-1945. (Copy held in the Osler Library, McGill University.)
A Brief History of Mukden Medical College – Fengtian Yike Daxue, 1992, Shenyang, Liaoning
Crawford, D. S. "Mukden Medical College (1911–1949): an outpost of Edinburgh medicine in north east China". Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 2006,
盛京医事——东北现代医学奠基人司督阁与盛京医院的历史绘卷 / Shengjing yi shi: Dong bei xian dai yi xue dian ji ren Siduge yu Shengjing yi yuan de li shi hui juan. 陈醒哲. 陈醒哲著.; Xingzhe Chen. 辽宁大学出版社, Shenyang: Liaoning da xue chu ban she / Liaoning University Press, 2012
Liaoning is a coastal province in Northeast China that is the smallest, southernmost, and most populous province in the region. With its capital at Shenyang, it is located on the northern shore of the Yellow Sea, and is the northernmost coastal province of the People's Republic of China.
Shenyang is the capital of Liaoning, China. It is the provincial capital of Liaoning and the province's most populous city with a population of 9,070,093 as of the 2020 census, also making it the largest city in Northeast China by urban population, and the second-largest by metropolitan population behind Harbin. The Shenyang metropolitan area is one of the major megalopolises in China, with a population of over 23 million. The city's administrative region includes the ten metropolitan districts of Shenyang, the county-level city of Xinmin, and the counties of Kangping and Faku.
The Mukden incident was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
China Medical University is a public medical university in Shenyang, Liaoning, China. The university was the first medical school established by the Chinese Communist Party. The predecessor of the university was the Military Medical School of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army founded in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province in November 1931.
The Beijing–Harbin railway, or the Jingha Railway, is the railway that connects Beijing with Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. It spans 1,249 km (776 mi). It is a very prominent route in the provinces of northeastern China.
Tongji Medical College (TJMC, simplified Chinese: 同济医学院; traditional Chinese: 同濟醫學院; pinyin: Tóngjì Yīxúeyuàn) is a medical school in Wuhan, China. Formerly Tongji Medical University (同济医科大学; 同濟 醫科大學; Tóngjì Yīkē Dàxué), it became part of the newly established Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) in 2000. More than 10 graduates of the medical school have been awarded prestigious memberships to the Chinese Academy of Sciences and/or Chinese Academy of Engineering.
Dugald Christie was a Canadian lawyer and political activist. He was based in the city of Vancouver, British Columbia. He was the grandson of Dr Dugald Christie, a Scottish Presbyterian missionary doctor who founded the Mukden Medical College in Shenyang, China.
Medical missions in China by Catholic and Protestant physicians and surgeons of the 19th and early 20th centuries laid many foundations for modern medicine in China. Western medical missionaries established the first modern clinics and hospitals, provided the first training for nurses, and opened the first medical schools in China. Work was also done in opposition to the abuse of opium. Medical treatment and care came to many Chinese who were addicted, and eventually public and official opinion was influenced in favor of bringing an end to the destructive trade. By 1901, China was the most popular destination for medical missionaries. The 150 foreign physicians operated 128 hospitals and 245 dispensaries, treating 1.7 million patients. In 1894, male medical missionaries comprised 14 percent of all missionaries; women doctors were four percent. Modern medical education in China started in the early 20th century at hospitals run by international missionaries.
Donguang Church, located in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China, is one of the largest and oldest Protestant churches in Northeast China. It is also known as the cradle of Christianity of the Koreans in China and in the Korean Peninsula.
John Ross (1842–1915), was a Scottish Protestant missionary to Northeast China who established Dongguan Church in Shenyang. He is also known for translating the first Korean Bible and being the first to introduce spacing to Korean punctuation.
The Sheng Jing (盛京) Hospital was founded by Dugald Christie (missionary) (1855-1936), a Scottish missionary doctor in 1883. It was the base on which the Mukden Medical College was formed, also by Christie, in 1912. In 1949 the Mukden Medical College was absorbed by the China Medical University and the hospital became known as the 2nd Affiliated hospital of the China Medical University. In 1969 it was moved, by Chairman Mao, to Chaoyang but returned to Shenyang in 1983. In 2002 the hospital took over the Third Affiliated Hospital of the China Medical University and set up the Huaxiang Campus. In 2003, on the 120th anniversary of its founding, it restored the name as Shenjing Hospital. It is situated near the famous San Hao Jie 三好街. The hospital is one of the largest hospitals in the city of Shenyang, Liaoning Province. Its motto is "United and dedicated; Disciplined and responsible; Caring and trustworthy; Professional and innovative."
Ruan Zhenduo, was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently served in a number of Cabinet-level positions in the Empire of Manchukuo.
Rev Dugald Christie was a Scottish missionary active in China, and founder of the Shengjing Clinic and Mukden Medical College in Mukden.
Events from the year 1936 in Scotland.
The Consulate General of the United States, Shenyang is one of seven American diplomatic and consular posts in the People's Republic of China. It is located in Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning.
Yi Lianhong is a Chinese politician. Originally from Hunan province, Yi rose through the ranks as an academic at the provincial party school; he later served as party secretary of Yueyang and party secretary of Changsha, before being transferred to Shenyang.
The Sheng Ching Shih Pao was a Japanese-owned Chinese newspaper established in Fengtian on October 18, 1906 by Japanese journalist named Nakajima Masao (中島真雄), after Japanese controlling of Manchuria as a result of Russo-Japanese War between 1904 and 1905. It ceased to operate at the end of Second Sino-Japanese War during the Surrender of Japan in August 1945. The newspaper received financial assistance from Japan's consulate-general in Fengtian during its early years. Some modern writers, unaware of its official English title, translated to English from its Chinese name as Shengjing Times, Shengjing Shibao, or abbreviated SJSB.
Agnes Marshall Cowan MRCOG was a Scottish physician who was one of the first fully qualified female physicians in the UK, and a medical missionary in Manchuria during the Manchurian plague. She oversaw medical issues in the "Devil's Porridge" explosive factory at Gretna serving the demand for explosives during the First World War.
Chen Minzhang was a Chinese politician who served as minister of health from 1987 to 1998. He also served as president of the Chinese Medical Association from 1989 to 1994 and president of the Red Cross Society of China from 1990 to 1994.
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