Names of Seoul

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An early 20th century trading card from Germany, using an alternate spelling of Seoul, with "o" for "eo". Tor des Kaiser - Palastes in Soul.jpg
An early 20th century trading card from Germany, using an alternate spelling of Seoul, with "ö" for "eo".

Seoul, the capital of South Korea, has been called by a number of formal and informal names over time.

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It was called Wiryeseong (위례성;慰禮城) or Hanseong (한성;漢城) in the Baekje period (18 BC – 660 AD), Bukhansangun (Korean : 북한산군; Hanja : 北漢山郡) in the Goguryeo period (37 BC – 668 AD), Hanyang in the Northern and Southern States period (698–926), Namgyeong (남경;南京) in the Goryeo period (918–1392), Hanyangbu (한양부;漢陽府) under Mongol rule (1270–1356), and Hanseong (한성;漢城) or Hanyang (한양;漢陽) in the Joseon period (1392–1897).

During the Joseon era, it started to be called Seoul by the public. In the middle of Joseon era, Hanseong and Hanyang were almost replaced by Seoul and remained only formal names. [1] During the period of Japanese colonial rule, Seoul was referred to by the Japanese exonym Keijō (京城), or the Korean reading of that name Gyeongseong. After World War II and Korea's liberation, the city officially adopted its current name. [2]

Etymology of "Seoul"

Seoul is a rendering of the Korean word 서울, pronounced [səˈul]. An etymological hypothesis is that the origin of the native word 서울 derives from the native name Seorabeol (서라벌;徐羅伐), [3] which originally referred to Gyeongju, the capital of Silla, which was then called Geumseong (금성;金城). [4]

Gyeongseong

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References

  1. Hendick Hamel (1668), 蘭船濟州道難破記.
  2. "Was Seoul Always Called Seoul?". The Seoul Searcher. Wordpress. 28 July 2010. Archived from the original on 2010-08-07. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  3. "서울". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  4. "Kyŏngju | Historic City, UNESCO Site | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  5. Katsuhiro Kuroda (2004-07-02). 漢城、京城、セソウル?. Sankei Shimbun . Retrieved 2020-12-19.
  6. "ソウル". 日本大百科全書. Shogakukan.
  7. 경부철도 (PDF). Hwangsŏng Shinmun. 1905-04-11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-27. Retrieved 2020-12-19.
  8. 역명개칭고시. Dong-a Ilbo. 1922-12-29.
  9. "Introduction of Seoul Station on KTX Cyber Station". Archived from the original on 2008-10-20.
  10. 1 2 김, 재은 (2004-03-05). "서울대? 한성(漢城)대? 서울고? 한성(漢城)고?". The Chosun Ilbo (in Korean). Retrieved 2023-09-13.
  11. 임대근; 高瑜 (2014-07-01). 드라마 중국어회화 핵심패턴 233 (in Korean). 길벗이지톡. p. 67. ISBN   978-89-6047-873-2.
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  15. "JAPAN & COREA': Yedo (Tokyo) King-ki-Tao (Seoul). Korea.TALLIS/RAPKIN 1851 map". Antiquemapsandprints.com.
Gyeongseong