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The Nerodime (Albanian : Nerodimja or Nerodime; Serbian Cyrillic : Неродимка) is a river in the Nerodime region of Kosovo, a 41 km (25 mi) long left tributary to the Lepenc river. It represents Europe's only instance of a river bifurcation flowing into two seas, [1] [2] dividing into two irreversible branches. The left branch flows into the Black Sea, and the right branch flows into the Aegean Sea. [1]
The Nerodime river rises as Golema Reka in the Nerodime mountain and is formed by the two main tributaries, Golema (Velika) Reka and Mala Reka. They join near the village of Nerodime e Epërme (Gornje Nerodimlje). From there it flows west-east direction, and the basin bifurcation occurs at the outskirts of Ferizaj. The northern branch drains into the Sitnica river and via the Iber, Morava and Danube ultimately into the Black Sea, while the main, southern branch, joins with another branch of the Nerodime river and together continue the journey to the Aegean Sea via the Lepenc and Vardar rivers. [3]
After the major settlement of southern Kosovo, the town of Ferizaj, the Nerodime turns south and flows next to the villages of Varosh, Komoglava, Kacanik, Stagovo and Runjevo, before it reaches the town of Kacanik and empties into the Lepenec river.
The bifurcation is actually an artificial phenomenon, as the connection was achieved by digging an artificial canal, but the downstream water flow is still natural. [4] [ failed verification ] In the 14th century, during the reign of king Milutin, a canal connecting the Sazlia pond and the river Nerodime was dug, creating an artificial bifurcation,[ citation needed ] since the Nerodime flows to the south into the Lepenec river and thus belongs to the Aegean Sea drainage basin, while the Sitnica (which is an outflow of the Sazlia) flows to the north, into the Iber river and belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin. After World War II, the canal was covered with earth again as it was previously mudded as a result of the lack of maintenance.[ citation needed ]
These water flows have separate impact in annual temperatures of this region. The average annual temperature is 9.9 °C. Warmest months are July and August, with average temperature 18.9 °C. The coldest month is January, with an average temperature -2.6 °C. Maximum air temperature is 32.5 °C in July, while the minimum -14.0 °C in January. [5]
Atmospheric precipitation also plays a role of abundance water in Nerodime river. The average of rainfalls for every month is 73.3 mm. Months with the most rainfalls are April–May, 105.6 mm, while at least August with 42.2 mm.[ citation needed ]
The bifurcation of Nerodime has been under state protection since 1979, and it is declared as a strict wildlife sanctuary, first category according to (IUCN) [4] The official emblem of the municipality of Ferizaj contains the visual representation of the Nerodime river bifurcation.
This phenomenon is attractive for researchers and visitors and has great importance to education, science and tourism.[ citation needed ] The western part of the city offers ideal conditions for the formation of public green spaces (parks), for the development of tourism and recreation. Branch of Nerodime River enters within the city, extensive recreational area that is also available to residents of Ferizaj bifurcation area, waterfall and the merger of the two rivers. [6]
The Nerodime drains an area of 229 km2 (88 sq mi) itself, and it is not navigable.
The Ibar, also known as the Ibër and Ibri, is a river that flows through eastern Montenegro, northern Kosovo and central Serbia, with a total length of 272 km (169 mi). The river begins in the Hajla mountain, in Rožaje, eastern Montenegro, and passes through southwestern Serbia and northern Kosovo, where it leads back into Serbia to flow into the West Morava river near Kraljevo, central Serbia.
Štrpce or Shtërpcë is a town and municipality located in the Ferizaj District in Kosovo. As of 2015, it has an estimated population of 13,630 inhabitants.
District of Ferizaj is one of the seven districts of Kosovo. Ferizaj is the seat of the district.
Obiliq is a town and municipality in Kosovo. According to the Kosovo Agency of Statistics (KAS) estimate from the 2011 census, there were 21,549 people residing in Obiliq Municipality, with Kosovo Albanians constituting the majority of the population.
The South Morava is a river in eastern Kosovo and in southern Serbia, which represents the shorter headwater of Great Morava. Today, it is 295 kilometres (183 mi) long, including its source river Binačka Morava. It flows generally in the south to north direction, from the Macedonian border to Kosovo and onwards to Central Serbia, where it meets West Morava at Stalać, to create Great Morava.
The Sitnica is a 90 km-long (56 mi) river in Kosovo. It flows into the Ibar at Mitrovica, and it is the longest river that flows completely within Kosovo.
The Lepenac is a river in southern Kosovo and northern North Macedonia, a 75 km (47 mi) long left tributary to the Vardar river.
The Drenica is a river in Kosovo, a 50 km (31 mi) long left tributary to the Sitnica river. It flows entirely within Kosovo and gives its name to the surrounding Drenica region.
River bifurcation occurs when a river flowing in a single channel separates into two or more separate streams which then continue downstream. Some rivers form complex networks of distributaries, typically in their deltas. If the streams eventually merge again or empty into the same body of water, then the bifurcation forms a river island.
Carraleva is a mountain in central Kosovo, dividing its two main geographical regions, the Kosovo Plain and Metohija. Carraleva is also a point where all three drainage basins of Kosovo meet, making the mountain a major hydrographic knot. It is named after the village of Carraleva.
Radika is a river in southern Kosovo and western North Macedonia, a 70 km (43 mi)-long right tributary to the Black Drin river.
Kosovo is a small landlocked country in Southeastern Europe. The country is strategically positioned in the center of the Balkan Peninsula enclosed by Montenegro to the west, Serbia to the north and east, North Macedonia to the southeast, and Albania to the southwest. It has no direct access to the Mediterranean Sea but its rivers flow into three seas, the Adriatic, Aegean and Black Sea.
Kosovo is a relatively small country. Because of the climatic position and complicated structure of the relief it has a variety of climate systems.
The Nerodimka or the Nerodime is a mountain range located in the south of Kosovo. It is named after the Serbian legend of the woman who cannot deliver a baby. The mountain has two high peaks, Bukova Glava 1,721 m (5,646 ft) and Kurkulica 1,549 m (5,082 ft).
Ferizaj or Uroševac, is a city and a municipality in Kosovo. It is the third largest city in Kosovo by population and also the seat of Ferizaj Municipality and the Ferizaj District.
Natural resources are abundant in Kosovo. Kosovo is mainly rich in lignite and mineral resources such as: coal, zinc, lead, silver and chromium, but also with productive agricultural land. Kosovo is also rich in forests, rivers, mountains and soil; Kosovo is especially rich in coal, being aligned among European countries as the third with the largest coal reserves. Kosovo possesses around 14,700 billion tons of lignite in reserves, which aligns Kosovo as the country with the fifth largest lignite reserves in the world.
Binačka Morava is a river which flows in southeastern Kosovo and North Macedonia. It flows generally in the southwest to northeast direction, from Macedonian border to Bujanovac, where, after 49 km, it meets Preševska Moravica, to create South Morava.
Svrčin Lake was an artificial lake in Kosovo created during the reign of the Nemanjić dynasty, which, in its vicinity, had castles: Štimlje, Pauni, Nerodimlje and Svrčin, located on the island in the lake. Lake was situated in the plain, north form present day Ferizaj. It was made by damming the river bed of Nerodimka river, thus making part of it to flow towards Sitnica.
Pristina, the capital city of Kosovo, is one of the municipalities with the most severe water shortages in the country. Citizens of Pristina have to cope with daily water curbs due to the lack of rainfall and snowfall which has left the city's water supplies in a dreadful condition. The current water resources do not fulfill the needs of the overgrowing population of Pristina. The water supply comes from the two main reservoirs of Batllava and Badovci. However, there are many problems with the water supply that comes from these two reservoirs which supply 92% of the population in Pristina. As such, the authorities have increased their efforts to remedy the situation and to make sure that such crises do not hit the city again.
Prizren is located on the slopes of the Sharr Mountains in the southern part of Kosovo. The municipality has a border with Albania and North Macedonia.
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