Etheostoma is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Percidae native to North America. Most are restricted to the United States, but species are also found in Canada and Mexico. They are commonly known as darters, although the term "darter" is shared by several other genera. Many can produce alarm pheromones that serve to warn nearby fish in case of an attack.
Percina is a genus of small freshwater ray-finned fish, classified within the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches from North America. Along with similar fishes in certain other genera, members of Percina are commonly called "darters". More specifically, the genus as a whole is known as roughbelly darters, while certain species of Percina with a pattern of vertical bars on the flanks are called logperches.
Fundulus is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the superfamily Funduloidea, family Fundulidae. It belongs to the order of toothcarps (Cyprinodontiformes), and therein the large suborder Cyprinodontoidei. Most of its closest living relatives are egg-laying, with the notable exception of the splitfin livebearers (Goodeidae).
Dionda is the genus of desert minnows, small fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. They are native to fresh waters in the United States and Mexico. Their range is centered in the Rio Grande basin, but they also occur in associated systems, including Nazas–Aguanaval of north–central Mexico, and Nueces, San Antonio and Colorado of Texas.
Gila is a genus of fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, native to the United States and Mexico. Species of Gila are collectively referred to as western chubs. The chiselmouth is a close relative, as are members of the genus Siphateles. Several members of the genus are endangered or extinct due to loss of habitat causing by diversion or overuse of water resources, particularly in the western United States.
Catostomus is a genus of fish belonging to the family Catostomidae, commonly known as suckers. This genus of fish usually lives in freshwater basins. Most members of the genus are native to North America, but C. catostomus is also found in Russia.
Cyprinella is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. They are known as the satinfin shiners. They are native to North America, and some are among the most common freshwater fish species on the eastern side of the continent. Conversely, several Cyprinella species with small distributions are threatened and the Maravillas Creek subspecies of the red shiner is extinct.
Lythrurus, the finescale shiners, is a genus of cyprinid fish found in North America. There are currently 11 species in this genus.
Macrhybopsis, the blacktail chubs, is a genus of cyprinid fish that are found in North America. There are currently 12 species in this genus.
Squalius is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae found in Europe and Asia. Hybridization is not rare in the Cyprinidae, including this genus. S. alburnoides is known to be of ancient hybrid origin, with the paternal lineage deriving from a prehistoric species related to Anaecypris; the latter mated with ancestral S. pyrenaicus. Present-day S. alburnoides mates with sympatric congeners of other species.
The sand shiner is a widespread North American species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. Sand shiners live in open clear water streams with sandy bottoms where they feed in schools on aquatic and terrestrial insects, bottom ooze and diatoms.
The whitemouth shiner is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is native to the eastern United States, where it occurs in the Piedmont in the states of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
The rainbow shiner is a North American species of ray-finned fish in the genus Notropis.
Algansea is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Leuciscidae, distributed in the Lerma–Chapala–Grande de Santiago, Pátzcuaro, Armería, Ameca, Ayutla and Tuxpan basins in west-central Mexico. The genus includes both species that are locally numerous, and species that are highly threatened. Their closest relative is the longfin dace.
The Pátzcuaro chub is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Lake Pátzcuaro and nearby waters in west-central Mexico. This is a relatively large Algansea, reaching a size similar to the popoche chub.
The spottail chub is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, endemic to the Lerma–Chapala basin and upper Santa Maria (Tampoán) system in west-central Mexico. Populations of the Ameca River basin were formerly included in this species, but are now recognized as A. amecae.
Leuciscinae is a subfamily of the freshwater fish family Cyprinidae, which contains the true minnows.
Hybopsis is a genus of cyprinid fish endemic to the United States. There are currently six described species in this genus.
Tampichthys is a genus of cyprinid fish endemic to east–central Mexico. They are entirely restricted to the Pánuco River basin, except T. ipni which also occurs in some other Mexican rivers that drain into the Gulf of Mexico.
Siphateles is a genus of fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, native to the Western United States. They were formerly placed in the genus Gila.
