Nukufetau

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Nukufetau
Atoll
Nukufetau 2022.png
Nukufetau.jpg
Nukufetau atoll from space
Nukufetau in Tuvalu (special marker).svg
Map of the atoll
Tuvalu location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Nukufetau
Location in Tuvalu
Coordinates: 08°00′S178°22′E / 8.000°S 178.367°E / -8.000; 178.367
Country Tuvalu
Population
 (2017)
 • Total597
ISO 3166 code TV-NKF

Nukufetau is an atoll that is part of the nation of Tuvalu. [1] [2] The atoll was claimed by the US under the Guano Islands Act some time in the 19th century and was ceded in a treaty of friendship concluded in 1979 and coming into force in 1983. It has a population of 597 who live on Savave islet (2017 Census). [3]

Contents

Geography

Nukufetau is an atoll with passages through the reef that allow large ships to enter and anchor in the lagoon. Nukufetau consists of at least 33 islets:

The biggest island is Motulalo. In the late 19th century, after the coming of the missionaries, the people of Nukufetau lived on Fale islet before shifting to Savave which is on the lagoon side of the Fale settlement. [4] : 86–87 

On Savave islet 331 people live in Aulotu and 191 live in Maneapa (2012 census). [3]

History

Nukufetau islander (1841). Tuvalu costume.jpg
Nukufetau islander (1841).
A man from the Nukufetau atoll, drawn by Alfred Agate in 1841. Nukufetauman1831.jpg
A man from the Nukufetau atoll, drawn by Alfred Agate in 1841.

The traditional history of Nukufetau is that a party of Tongans were the first people to settle. When they landed they found only one fetau (or fetaʻu in Tongan) tree growing on the atoll, so they called the place Nukufetau - the island of the fetau. They planted coconut trees and settled on Fale on the western side of the atoll. [4] : 86 

Arent Schuyler de Peyster, of New York, captain of the armed brigantine or privateer Rebecca, sailing under British colours, [5] [6] passed through the southern Tuvalu waters in May 1819 sighting Nukufetau. [7]

In 1820 the Russian explorer Mikhail Lazarev visited Nukufetau as commander of the Mirny. [7] [8]

The United States Exploring Expedition under Charles Wilkes visited Nukufetau in 1841. [9]

Tamala of Nukufetau atoll, Ellice Islands (circa 1900-1910) Tamala of Nukufetau.jpg
Tamala of Nukufetau atoll, Ellice Islands (circa 1900–1910)

Louis Becke, who later became a writer, operated a store on Nukufetau from February 1881 to August 1881. [10] [11] [12] Becke later wrote a story about a fishing expedition: The Fisher Folk Of Nukufetau. [13]

The population of Nukufetau from 1860 to 1900 is estimated to be 250 people. [14] [15]

Alfred Restieaux was a trader on Nukufetau in the late 19th century from 1873 to 1879 and met his wife Litia. [16] [17] He returned sometime in the 1880s; in 1892 Captain Edward Davis, of HMS Royalist, recorded Alfred Restieaux and Emile Fenisot as trading on Nukufetau. [18] Restieaux died on Nukufetau in 1911.

Nukufetau Post Office opened around 1925. [19]

During World War II Coastwatchers, who observed and reported on Japanese shipping, had a station on Nukufetau. [20] In 1943 United States Navy Seabees build a deepwater wharf and an airfield on Motulalo, which is the largest islet of Nukufetau. [21] Two intersecting runways of Nukufetau Airfield formed an "X" shape.

B-24s were based at the airfield. The Marine Attack Squadron 331 (VMA-331) also flew Douglas SBD Dauntless dive bombers from Nukufetau. [22] After the war the airfield was dismantled and the land returned to its owners, however as the coral base was compacted to make the runway the land now provides poor ground for growing coconuts. [21]

Cyclone Pam

Nukufetau was affected by storm surges caused by Cyclone Pam in early March 2015, which damaged houses, crops and infrastructure. As of 22 March, 76 people (13 percent of the population) were displaced and were living in 2 evacuation centres. [23] The Situation Report published on 30 March reported that on Nukufetau all the displaced people have returned to their homes. Nukufetau suffered the loss of 90% of crops. [24]

In 2016 a 500-metre seawall was constructed to improve the defences against severe wet weather events. The $8 million cost of the project was paid by the United Nations Development Programme and was carried out by dredging and civil contracting company Hall Pacific. [25] [26]

Food

In addition to imported food, food is produced on Fale and on Funaota. The products include pulaka (a root crop), pigs, breadfruit, brown coconuts and germinating nuts. [27]

Politics

Enele Sopoaga and Panapasi Nelesoni were re-elected in the 2024 Tuvaluan general election. [28] [29]

Nukufetau constituency results
PartyCandidateVotes%
Nonpartisan Panapasi Nelesoni Symbol confirmed.svg 40827.05
Nonpartisan Enele Sopoaga Symbol confirmed.svg 40226.65
Nonpartisan Taimitasi Paelati37424.80
Nonpartisan Nikolasi Apenelu32421.48

Education

In 1951 the school that was located on Motumua islet was transferred to Savave and became the government primary school for Nukufetau. [4] : 91  It was named the Tutasi Memorial School in honour of its predecessor.

Notable people

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Fale is an islet of Nukufetau, Tuvalu. The traditional history of Nukufetau recalls that in order to protect the atoll from raiders from Tonga, Lagitupu and Laupapa, two aliki (chiefs) protected Fale. Lagitupu and Laupapa created a trap at a place still called Tututekolo, which was beside a path which led to the beach, where they would surprise the raiders and spear them or split their skulls with an axe made from shells.

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References

  1. ↑ "Maps of Tuvalu" . Retrieved 15 January 2021.
  2. ↑ British Admiralty Nautical Chart 766 Ellice Islands (1893 ed.). United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO). 21 March 1872.
  3. 1 2 "Population of communities in Tuvalu". Thomas Brinkhoff. 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  4. 1 2 3 Lafita, Nofoaiga (1983). "Chapter 12 - Nukufetau". In Laracy, Hugh (ed.). Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu.
  5. ↑ De Peyster, J. Watts. Military (1776-'79) transactions of Major, afterwards Colonel, 8th or King's foot, Arent Schuyler de Peyster (with details of the discovery of the Ellice and de Peyster Islands in the Pacific Ocean, in May, 1819). Reproduction of original in: Bibliotheque nationale du Quebec. ISBN   0665040512.
  6. ↑ "The De Peysters". Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
  7. 1 2 Kofe, Laumua (1983). "Chapter 15 - Palagi and Pastors". In Laracy, Hugh (ed.). Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. pp. 102–103.
  8. ↑ Keith S. Chambers & Doug Munro, The Mystery of Gran Cocal: European Discovery and Mis-Discovery in Tuvalu, 89(2) (1980) The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 167-198
  9. ↑ Tyler, David B. - 1968 The Wilkes Expedition. The First United States Exploring Expedition (1838-42). Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society
  10. ↑ Doug Munro, The Lives and Times of Resident Traders in Tuvalu: An Exercise in History from Below, (1987) 10(2) Pacific Studies 73
  11. ↑ A. Grove Day (1967). Louis Becke. Melbourne: Hill of Content. p. 35.
  12. ↑ 'Louis Beck, Adventurer and Writer', Chapter 8, Rascals in Paradise , James A. Michener and Arthur Grove Day, Secker and Warburg (1957)
  13. ↑ Becke, Louis. "The Fisher Folk Of Nukufetau" . Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  14. ↑ W.F. Newton, The Early Population of the Ellice Islands, 76(2) (1967) The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 197-204.
  15. ↑ Richard Bedford, Barrie Macdonald & Doug Monro, Population Estimates for Kiribati and Tuvalu (1980) 89(1) Journal of the Polynesian Society 199
  16. ↑ Restieaux, Alfred. Recollections of a South Seas Trader – Reminiscences of Alfred Restieaux. National Library of New Zealand, MS 7022-2.
  17. ↑ Restieaux, Alfred. Reminiscences - Alfred Restieaux Part 2 (Pacific Islands). National Library of New Zealand, MS-Papers-0061-079A.
  18. ↑ The proceedings of H.M.S. "Royalist", Captain E.H.M. Davis, R.N., May-August, 1892, in the Gilbert, Ellice and Marshall Islands.
  19. ↑ Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". Premier Postal Auctions. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  20. ↑ Clayworth, Peter (16 November 2012). "Coast-watching headquarters at Nukufetau, Ellice Islands, 1941". 'Intelligence services - Intelligence services, 1800s to 1945', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
  21. 1 2 Telavi, Melei (1983). "Chapter 18 - War". In Laracy, Hugh (ed.). Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. p. 143.
  22. ↑ Bartsch, Bill. "War Relics in Tuvalu and Kiribati" (PDF). South Pacific Bulletin (1975). Retrieved 7 April 2014.
  23. ↑ "Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 1 (as of 22 March 2015)". Relief Web. 22 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
  24. ↑ "Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 2 (as of 30 March 2015)". Relief Web. 30 March 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  25. ↑ "Work underway on stronger seawall in Tuvalu". RNZ. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  26. ↑ "Construction Commences on Nukufetau Seawall". Hall Contracting. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  27. ↑ "Food Production on Funaota Islet, Tuvalu" (PDF). Live & Learn Environmental Education. March 2020.
  28. ↑ "Tuvalu general election: Six newcomers in parliament". Radio New Zealand . 29 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  29. ↑ Marinaccio, Jess (30 January 2024). "Tuvalu's 2024 general election: a new political landscape". PolicyDevBlog. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  30. ↑ Lansford, Tom (2015). Political Handbook of the World 2015. CQ Press.
  31. ↑ "Palamene o Tuvalu (Parliament of Tuvalu)". Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2002. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
  32. ↑ "Palamene o Tuvalu (Parliament of Tuvalu)". Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2006. Retrieved 7 March 2013.


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