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Odontoglossum, first named in 1816 by Karl Sigismund Kunth, is a formerly accepted genus of orchids that is now regarded as a synonym of Oncidium . [1] Several hundred species have previously been placed in Odontoglossum. [2] The scientific name of the genus is derived from the Greek words odon (tooth) and glossa (tongue), referring to the two tooth-like calluses on the base of the lip. [3] Species formerly placed in this genus are cool to cold growing orchids to be found on open spots in the humid cloud forest at higher elevations from Central- and West South America to Guyana, with most species around the northern Andes. [3] The abbreviation for this genus is Odm. in the horticultural trade. [4] Many of the species formerly placed in the genus are in great demand with orchid lovers because of their spectacular and flamboyant flowers.[ citation needed ]
Most species formerly placed in the genus are sympodial epiphytes, or rarely terrestrials. The pseudobulbs are compact with leaf-like bracts at the base. They give one to three apical leaves. [5] An arching (and sometimes erect) inflorescence grows from its base. The ruffled sepals and petals of these spectacular flowers are spreading. The lip is rather complex, entire or with three lobes. It stands erect or parallel to the long column. The high altitude species show long inflorescences with up to 150 flowers (as in O. cirrhosum), while the lower altitude species have shorter inflorescences with up to 20 flowers. These flowers may be white, red, purple, brown, yellow, or even be blotched with a showy blend of many colors.
This genus used to contain more than 400 species. Many have now been reclassified in other genera such as Aspasia , Cuitlauzina , Cyrtochilum , Gomesa , Miltonia , Oliveriana , Oncidium , Otoglossum , Rhynchostele and Rossioglossum . These new genera occurred outside the Andes in different climatological habitats.[ citation needed ]
Many species have been transferred to Oncidium : [2]
Odontoglossum lent itself to the production of many artificial intergeneric hybrids. The hybrids with red pigmentation are nearly all derived from a crossing with species formerly placed in the genus Cochlioda and especially with Oncidium noezlianum (syn. Cochlioda noezliana).[ citation needed ]
Given the merge of Odontoglossum and Cochlioda into Oncidium, most of following nothogenus names are obsolete:[ citation needed ]
Brassia is a genus of orchids classified in the subtribe Oncidiinae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America, with one species extending into Florida.
The Oncidiinae is a subtribe within the Orchidaceae that consists of a number of genera that are closely related.
Miltonia, abbreviated Milt. in the horticultural trade, is an orchid genus comprising twelve epiphyte species and eight natural hybrids. The miltonias are exclusively inhabitants of Brazil, except for one species whose range extends from Brazil into the northeast of Argentina and the east of Paraguay.
× Miltonidium, abbreviated as Mtdm. in the horticultural trade, is the nothogenus for hybrids between the orchid genera Miltonia and Oncidium. An example is Miltonidium Purple Sunset, which is a hybrid of Miltonia Victoria and Oncidium hastilabium.
Tolumnia, is a genus in the family Orchidaceae. Previously known as the "equitant oncidiums," the species were segregated from the mega-genus Oncidium by Guido Braem in 1986. Dancing-lady orchid is a common name for some species in this genus.
Trichosalpinx, commonly known as the bonnet orchid, is a genus of about 100 species of neotropical orchid. The genus is widespread across most of Latin America from northern Mexico to Bolivia, as well as the West Indies.
Aspasia, abbreviated as Asp. in the horticultural trade, is a genus of 7 species of orchids occurring from southern Mexico to southern Brazil. The genus is closely related to Miltonia and Brassia. Aspasia species have few medium size flowers of exquisite colors which are occasionally cultivated or used to produce artificial hybrids.
Cyrtochilum is a genus of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae, native to the Caribbean and to South America from Costa Rica to Peru. The genus was established by Carl Sigismund Kunth in 1978.
Rodriguezia, abbreviated Rdza. in the horticultural trade, is a genus of orchids. It consists of 49 known species, native to tropical America from southern Mexico and the Windward Islands south to Argentina, with many of the species endemic to Brazil.
× Aliceara, abbreviated Alcra. in the horticultural trade, is the nothogenus for intergeneric hybrids between three orchid genera. The name Cambria is used in the horticultural trade.
× Beallara, abbreviated Bllra. in the horticultural trade, is the nothogenus for intergeneric hybrids between the orchid genera Brassia, Cochlioda, Miltonia and Odontoglossum. As Cochlioda and Odontoglossum have been synonymized with Oncidium, the current genera involved are Brassia x Miltonia × Oncidium = × Aliceara.
× Brassidium, abbreviated in trade journals Brsdm, is an artificial intergeneric hybrid between the orchid genera Brassia and Oncidium. When Cochlioda and Odontoglossum are sunk into Oncidium, × Maclellanara (Mclna.), × Odontobrassia (Odbrs.) and × Sanderara (Sand.) are synonyms.
Elleanthus is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. They are commonly known as tiger orchid. All the species are native to the warmer parts of the Western Hemisphere.
Epistephium is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to South America, with a few species in Belize and Trinidad.
Telipogon is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is a large genus with dozens of species, native to South America, Central America, Hispaniola and southern Mexico.