Odontoglossum

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Odontoglossum, first named in 1816 by Karl Sigismund Kunth, is a formerly accepted genus of orchids that is now regarded as a synonym of Oncidium . [1] Several hundred species have previously been placed in Odontoglossum. [2] The scientific name of the genus is derived from the Greek words odon (tooth) and glossa (tongue), referring to the two tooth-like calluses on the base of the lip. [3] Species formerly placed in this genus are cool to cold growing orchids to be found on open spots in the humid cloud forest at higher elevations from Central- and West South America to Guyana, with most species around the northern Andes. [3] The abbreviation for this genus is Odm. in the horticultural trade. [4] Many of the species formerly placed in the genus are in great demand with orchid lovers because of their spectacular and flamboyant flowers.[ citation needed ]

Contents

Description

Most species formerly placed in the genus are sympodial epiphytes, or rarely terrestrials. The pseudobulbs are compact with leaf-like bracts at the base. They give one to three apical leaves. [5] An arching (and sometimes erect) inflorescence grows from its base. The ruffled sepals and petals of these spectacular flowers are spreading. The lip is rather complex, entire or with three lobes. It stands erect or parallel to the long column. The high altitude species show long inflorescences with up to 150 flowers (as in O. cirrhosum), while the lower altitude species have shorter inflorescences with up to 20 flowers. These flowers may be white, red, purple, brown, yellow, or even be blotched with a showy blend of many colors.

Former species

This genus used to contain more than 400 species. Many have now been reclassified in other genera such as Aspasia , Cuitlauzina , Cyrtochilum , Gomesa , Miltonia , Oliveriana , Oncidium , Otoglossum , Rhynchostele and Rossioglossum . These new genera occurred outside the Andes in different climatological habitats.[ citation needed ]

Many species have been transferred to Oncidium : [2]


Intergeneric hybrids

Odontoglossum lent itself to the production of many artificial intergeneric hybrids. The hybrids with red pigmentation are nearly all derived from a crossing with species formerly placed in the genus Cochlioda and especially with Oncidium noezlianum (syn. Cochlioda noezliana).[ citation needed ]

Given the merge of Odontoglossum and Cochlioda into Oncidium, most of following nothogenus names are obsolete:[ citation needed ]

xBeallara "Marfitch Howards Dream" Beallara Marfitch Howards Dream.jpg
xBeallara "Marfitch Howards Dream"
New Year card by Helga von Cramm. Prayer by Marianne Farningham. (4.25 x 5.5 inches). c. 1880. The New Year, with Odontoglossum. Chromolithograph. By Helga von Cramm with prayer by Marianne Farningham. (4.25 x 5.5 inches).jpg
New Year card by Helga von Cramm. Prayer by Marianne Farningham. (4.25 x 5.5 inches). c. 1880.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oncidiinae</span> Subtribe of flowering plants

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<i>× Miltonidium</i> Genus of orchids

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<i>Cyrtochilum</i>

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<i>× Beallara</i> Genus of flowering plants

× Beallara, abbreviated Bllra. in the horticultural trade, is the nothogenus for intergeneric hybrids between the orchid genera Brassia, Cochlioda, Miltonia and Odontoglossum. As Cochlioda and Odontoglossum have been synonymized with Oncidium, the current genera involved are Brassia x Miltonia × Oncidium = × Aliceara.

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× Brassidium, abbreviated in trade journals Brsdm, is an artificial intergeneric hybrid between the orchid genera Brassia and Oncidium. When Cochlioda and Odontoglossum are sunk into Oncidium, × Maclellanara (Mclna.), × Odontobrassia (Odbrs.) and × Sanderara (Sand.) are synonyms.

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Epistephium is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to South America, with a few species in Belize and Trinidad.

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  2. Epistephium amplexicaulePoepp. & Endl.
  3. Epistephium brevicristatumR.E.Schult.
  4. Epistephium duckeiHuber
  5. Epistephium elatumKunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth
  6. Epistephium ellipticumR.O.Williams & Summerh. (Belize)
  7. Epistephium frederici-augustiRchb.f. & Warsz.
  8. Epistephium hernandiiGaray
  9. Epistephium lamprophyllumSchltr.
  10. Epistephium laxiflorumBarb.Rodr.
  11. Epistephium lobulosumGaray
  12. Epistephium lucidumCogn. in C.F.P.von Martius
  13. Epistephium matogrossenseHoehne
  14. Epistephium parviflorumLindl.
  15. Epistephium portellianumBarb.Rodr.
  16. Epistephium praestansHoehne
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  18. Epistephium sessiliflorumLindl.
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  20. Epistephium subrepensHoehne
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References

  1. "Odontoglossum Kunth". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2023-08-10.
  2. 1 2 "Search for 'Odontoglossum'". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-08-10.
  3. 1 2 Rassmann, Jim. "Odontoglossum". American Orchid Society. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  4. "Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  5. "Odontoglossum". Encyclopedia Britannica. 6 September 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2024.