Openbill stork

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Openbill storks
Anastomus lamelligerus 1838, b.jpg
African openbill by Huet & Prêtre
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Ciconiiformes
Family: Ciconiidae
Genus: Anastomus
Bonnaterre, 1791
Type species
Ardea oscitans [1]
Boddaert, 1783
Species
Synonyms
  • HiansLacepede, 1799
  • RhynchochasmeHermann, 1804
  • EmpharisRafinesque, 1815 (Nom. Nov.)
  • ApertirostraDrapiez, 1822
  • ChaenorampheDumont, 1817
  • ChaenoramphusThon, 1830 (Emend.)
  • ChenoramphusGray, 1848 (Emend.)
  • HiatorReichenbach, 1852-53

The openbill storks or openbills are two species of stork (family Ciconiidae) in the genus Anastomus. They are large wading birds characterized by large bills, the mandibles of which do not meet except at the tip. This feature develops only in the adults. Both species feed predominantly on molluscs. The roof of the upper bill is fringed with plate-like structures ("lamellae") in the African openbill, but these are absent in the Asian openbill. [2] [3]

Taxonomy

The genus Anastomus was erected by the French naturalist Pierre Bonnaterre in 1791. [4] The type species was subsequently designated as the Asian openbill (Anastomus oscitans). [5] [6] The name Anastomus is from the Ancient Greek αναστομοω anastomoō meaning "to furnish with a mouth" or "with mouth wide-opened". [7]

There are two species of openbilled storks: [8]

Genus Anastomus Bonnaterre, 1791 – two species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
African openbill

African openbill, Anastomus lamelligerus, Chobe National Park, Botswana (31548249924), crop.jpg

Anastomus lamelligerus
Temminck, 1823

Two subspecies
  • A. l. lamelligerus
  • A. l. madagascariensis
A resident breeder in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Madagascar
Anastomus lamelligerus map.svg
Size: measuring 80–94 cm (31–37 in) and weighing 1–1.3 kg (2.2–2.9 lb)

Habitat:

Diet: aquatic snails and fresh water mussels
 LC 


Asian openbill

Asian Openbill (Anastomus oscitans) in Kolkata I IMG 0495.jpg

Anastomus oscitans
(Boddaert, 1783)
A resident breeder in tropical southern Asia from India and Sri Lanka east to Southeast Asia.
Asian Openbill.JPG
Size: 68 cm (27 in) height (81 cm (32 in) long).

Habitat:

Diet:
 LC 


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<span class="mw-page-title-main">African openbill</span> Species of stork

The African openbill is a species of stork from the family Ciconiidae. It is widely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa and western regions of Madagascar. This species is considered common to locally abundant across its range, although it has a patchy distribution. Some experts consider there to be two sub-species, A. l. lamelligerus distributed on the continent and A. l. madagascariensis living on the island of Madagascar. Scientists distinguish between the two sub-species due to the more pronounced longitudinal ridges on the bills of adult A. l. madagascariensis. The Asian openbill found in Asia is the African openbill’s closest relative. The two species share the same notably large bill of a peculiar shape that gives them their name.

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References

  1. "Ciconiidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-27.
  2. Beddard, F. E. (1901). "Some Notes upon the Anatomy and Systematic Position of the Ciconiine Genus Anastomus". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 70 (2): 365–371. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1901.tb08551.x.
  3. Kahl, MP (1971). "Food and feeding behavior of Openbill Storks". Journal of Ornithology. 112 (1): 21–35. Bibcode:1971JOrni.112...21K. doi:10.1007/BF01644077. S2CID   1484358.
  4. Bonnaterre, Pierre Joseph; Vieillot, Louis Pierre (1823). Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature: Ornithologie (in French). Vol. Part 1. Paris: Panckoucke. p. xciii. Although the title page bears the date of 1823 the section (livraison) containing the description was published in 1791. See: Dickinson, E.C.; Overstreet, L.K.; Dowsett, R.J.; Bruce, M.D. (2011). Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology: a Directory to the literature and its reviewers. Northampton, UK: Aves Press. p. 78. ISBN   978-0-9568611-1-5.
  5. Gray (1841). A List of the Genera of Birds : with their Synonyma and an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus (2nd ed.). London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 87.
  6. Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. pp. 246–247.
  7. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p.  46. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.
  8. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Storks, frigatebirds, boobies, cormorants, darters". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 July 2019.