Oreocarya suffruticosa

Oreocarya suffruticosa
Oreocarya suffruticosa var. setosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Boraginales
Family:	Boraginaceae
Genus:	Oreocarya
Species:	O. suffruticosa
Binomial name
Oreocarya suffruticosa (Torr.) Greene [1]
Synonyms
Of the species: [1] Hemisphaerocarya suffruticosa(Torr.) Brand Myosotis suffruticosaTorr. Of var. arenicola: Cryptantha cinerea var. arenicolaL.C.Higgins & S.L.Welsh Of var. laxa: List Cryptantha cinerea var. laxa(J.F.Macbr.) L.C.Higgins Cryptantha jamesii var. laxa(J.F.Macbr.) Payson Hemisphaerocarya laxa(J.F.Macbr.) Brand Oreocarya multicaulis var. laxaJ.F.Macbr. Of var. pustulosa: List Cryptantha cinerea var. pustulosa(Rydb.) L.C.Higgins Cryptantha jamesii var. pustulosa(Rydb.) H.D.Harr. Cryptantha pustulosa(Rydb.) Payson Oreocarya pustulosaRydb. Of var. setosa: List Cryptantha cinerea(Greene) Cronquist Cryptantha jamesii var. cinerea(Greene) Payson Cryptantha jamesii var. disticha(Eastw.) Payson Cryptantha jamesii var. multicaulis(Greene) Payson Cryptantha jamesii var. setosa(M.E.Jones) I.M.Johnst. ex Tidestr. Eritrichium multicauleTorr., nom. illeg. Hemisphaerocarya cinerea(Greene) Brand Hemisphaerocarya suffruticosa var. multicaulis(Greene) Brand Hemisphaerocarya suffruticosa var. setosa(M.E.Jones) Brand Krynitzkia multicaulis(Greene) Anon. Krynitzkia multicaulis var. setosaM.E.Jones Oreocarya cinereaGreene Oreocarya distichaEastw. Oreocarya lemmoniiEastw. Oreocarya multicaulisGreene Oreocarya multicaulis var. cinerea(Greene) J.F.Macbr. Oreocarya suffruticosa var. cinerea(Greene) Payson Oreocarya suffruticosa var. multicaulis(Greene) Payson Of var. suffruticosa: List Cryptantha cinerea var. jamesii(Torr.) Cronquist Cryptantha jamesii(Torr.) Payson Cryptantha jamesii var. typicaPayson Eritrichium jamesiiTorr. Hemisphaerocarya suffruticosa var. pustulosaBrand Krynitzkia jamesiiA.Gray

Oreocarya suffruticosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to the west and central United States and to northern Mexico. ^[1] It was first described by John Torrey in 1827 as Myosotis suffruticosa and transferred to Oreocarya by Edward Lee Greene in 1887. ^[2] Varieties of Oreocarya suffruticosa have previously been placed within several species of Cryptantha, including Cryptantha cinerea, Cryptantha jamesii and Cryptantha pustulosa.

Taxonomy

Oreocarya suffruticosa was first described (as Myosotis suffruticosa) by John Torrey in 1827. It was transferred to the genus Oreocarya by Edward Lee Greene in 1889. ^[1] Starting in the 1920s, a broad circumscription of the genus Cryptantha was adopted by many botanists, and taxa recognized as varieties of Oreocarya suffruticosa were placed in several species of Cryptantha and their subtaxa, including Cryptantha cinerea, Cryptantha jamesii and Cryptantha pustulosa. A molecular phylogenetic study in 2012 showed that when Cryptantha was broadly circumscribed, it was not monophyletic, and Oreocarya was resurrected (along with some other genera). Oreocarya suffruticosa was divided into five varieties. ^[3]

Varieties

As of March 2024 ^[update] , Plants of the World Online accepted five varieties: ^[1]

• Oreocarya suffruticosa var. arenicola(L.C.Higgins & S.L.Welsh) R.B.Kelley – synonyms include Cryptantha cinerea var. arenicola ^[4]
• Oreocarya suffruticosa var. laxa(J.F.Macbr.) R.B.Kelley – synonyms include Cryptantha cinerea var. laxa and Cryptantha jamesii var. laxa ^[5]
• Oreocarya suffruticosa var. pustulosa(Rydb.) R.B.Kelley – synonyms include Cryptantha cinerea var. pustulosa, Cryptantha jamesii var. pustulosa and Cryptantha pustulosa ^[6]
• Oreocarya suffruticosa var. setosa(M.E.Jones) R.B.Kelley – synonyms include Cryptantha cinerea and four varieties of Cryptantha jamesii ^[7]
• Oreocarya suffruticosa var. suffruticosa – synonyms include Cryptantha cinerea var. jamesii and Cryptantha jamesii ^[8]

Distribution

Oreocarya suffruticosa is native to Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah and Wyoming in the United States, and to northeastern and northwestern Mexico. ^[1]

Uses

Among the Zuni people, the powdered root of Oreocarya suffruticosa var. suffruticosa (syn. Cryptantha cinerea var. jamesii) is used to relieve a sore anus. ^[9]

References

1. "Oreocarya suffruticosa (Torr.) Greene", Plants of the World Online , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew , retrieved 2024-03-19
2. "Oreocarya suffruticosa (Torr.) Greene", The International Plant Names Index , retrieved 2024-03-19
3. Hasenstab-Lehman, Kristen E. & Simpson, nd Michael G (2012), "Cat's Eyes and Popcorn Flowers: Phylogenetic Systematics of the Genus Cryptantha s.1. (Boraginaceae)", Systematic Botany, 37 (3): 738–757, doi:10.1600/036364412X648706, JSTOR   41515163
4. "Oreocarya suffruticosa var. arenicola (L.C.Higgins & S.L.Welsh) R.B.Kelley". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2024-03-20.
5. "Oreocarya suffruticosa var. laxa (J.F.Macbr.) R.B.Kelley". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2024-03-20.
6. "Oreocarya suffruticosa var. pustulosa (Rydb.) R.B.Kelley". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2024-03-20.
7. "Oreocarya suffruticosa var. setosa (M.E.Jones) R.B.Kelley". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2024-03-20.
8. "Oreocarya suffruticosa var. suffruticosa". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2024-03-20.
9. Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye 1980 A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388 (p. 374)