Para Hills Adelaide, South Australia | |||||||||||||||
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A gully next to Para Hills primary school | |||||||||||||||
Population | 6,793 (SAL 2021) [1] | ||||||||||||||
Established | 1959 | ||||||||||||||
Postcode(s) | 5096 | ||||||||||||||
Area | 3.21 km2 (1.2 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Location | 16 km (10 mi) from Adelaide | ||||||||||||||
LGA(s) | |||||||||||||||
State electorate(s) | Playford | ||||||||||||||
Federal division(s) | Makin | ||||||||||||||
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Para Hills is a residential suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. There is a light aircraft airport close to its boundary, and numerous sporting facilities, abundant parks and schools and two medium-sized shopping centres. Most of the suburb is in the City of Salisbury while some is in the City of Tea Tree Gully.
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An early settler family were the Goodalls, who established a farm at the base of the hills in 1850. When Andrew Melville Goodall expanded the farm in 1853 he named the property Para Hills Farm, building a farmhouse near what is now the corner of St Clair Avenue and Goodall Road. [2]
Para Hills Post Office opened on 28 June 1961. [3]
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
2001 | 9,034 | — |
2006 | 7,722 | −14.5% |
2011 | 7,594 | −1.7% |
2016 | 6,554 | −13.7% |
2021 | 6,793 | +3.6% |
Source: [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] |
According to the 2021 census of Australia, Para Hills has a population of 6.793, of which 51.7% is male and 48.3% is female. The median age is 36, two years below the national average of 38. The most common ancestries were English (36.1%), Australian (29.1%), German (6.4%), Scottish (6.1%) and Irish (5.9%). The most common countries of birth include Australia (64.7%), England (6.7%), India (4.8%), Afghanistan (2.8%), the Philippines (1.6%) and Vietnam (0.9%). 69.4% of the population only spoke english at home. Other commonly spoken languages were Arabic (3.0%), Hazaraghi and Punjabi (both 2.4%) and Vietnamese and Hindi (both 1.1%). [8]
Para Hills is built on an escarpment of the Para Fault Block at the edge of the Adelaide plains, rising 61 metres (200 ft) above the plains. The formation of this escarpment has led to short, steep-sided gullies which are characteristic of Para Hills. [9] The gullies are usually dry, running only shortly after rain, and have mostly been left as public parks. Outcrops of exposed pre-Cambrian rocks have been quarried for use in roadmaking and construction since the late 19th century.[ citation needed ] The outcrops within Para Hills are not extensive and only one quarry operated in the suburb's residential area.
Prior to subdivision there is very little recorded about the vegetation of the hills. What records exist report that the plains where mostly covered in kangaroo grass, with the hills being lightly covered in Eucalyptus Porosa (Mallee box), Acacia paradoxa (Kangaroo thorn wattle) and Acacia pyncantha (Golden Wattle). [10] Public parks in para hills are now landscaped with Australian native vegetation. Most of the streets show Salisbury council's practice of lining roadsides with Eucalypts, Acacias and other Australian native trees. [ citation needed ]
The boundary of Para Hills is defined by McIntyre Road and the Para Hills reserve to the north, Kelly Road to the east, Bridge Road to the west, and Maxwell Road and Milne Road to the south. The northern boundary moved south from Wynn Vale Drive in 2002 when Gulfview Heights was declared.
The area was originally inhabited by the Kaurna tribe of Indigenous Australians. By the time the area was settled by Europeans in the 1840s, introduced diseases such as smallpox had already spread from the eastern states and decimated the population. [10]
Land grants in the Para Hills area began in 1847. Notable farming families first settling the area were the Goodalls (on 12 August 1850), the Kesters (1893), and the MacIntyres (1865). [11] From settlement as distant farming land, to subdivision for residential development, the land increased greatly in value. The land was valued at £4.10 per acre in 1900, £16 in 1937, £420 and £1200 for some of the flatter land shortly after its subdivision. [2]
Farming and quarrying continued, as the sole activities on the land, until Reid Murray Developments (R.M.D.) began acquiring land for subdivision in 1959. The development was, at the time, the largest private housing development in Australia and had a budget of £6 million. [12] R.M.D. was not the only developer active in the suburb with most of the Goodall and McIntyre farmland being sold to, or subdivided by, other companies. [10] In total R.M.D. purchased 430 acres (1.7 km2). [2] R.M.D. copied a new concept from the South Australian Housing Trust's new development at Elizabeth, constructing the suburb as a self-contained neighbourhood from the outset. Unusually fifteen percent of the land was set aside for parks, [13] arrangements were made with Woolworths (S.A.) Ltd to provide a supermarket, and with the State government for the speedy provision of a post office and school. Land allotments were set to a minimum of 697 square metres (7,502 sq ft) and, to transform the bare farm land, a street tree-planting and nursery program was begun with new residents being given six plants to start a garden. [10] R.M.D. did not sell any vacant land, but only complete house, land and some furnishings packages (prices ranging from £4,000 to £5,500). The houses all had three or more bedrooms, flat corrugated iron or angled tile roofs, and were constructed from bricks, modular concrete blocks or Mount Gambier freestone.
R.M.D. set up offices in London to attract new British migrants prior to their trip to Australia. Salesmen met new immigrants at Fremantle dock. Flats were built in Barcoo Street to temporarily house intending purchasers, many of whom were travelling under assisted passage. Some settlers were not prepared for the frontier conditions they met, with no amenities or trees, and surroundings of little more than open paddocks. Many of the migrants came from established cities, and expressed dismay at the prospect of having to form a community from scratch. [10] A vendor finance scheme was begun allowing a some newlyweds to purchase homes with a deposit as low as £500. [14] An extensive marketing effort to sell the homes included, a home donated to the crippled children's association, subsidised bus services, free use of the olympic size swimming pool for residents, twenty-five furnished display homes and £10,000 of Television advertising. [12]
The suburb developed quickly, fifty-five homes completed in the first six months and seventy under construction, along with sealed roads, storm water and sewerage services and gas and electricity supply. [15] All three original farming families have main roads in Para Hills named after them. The farmhouse of Allen Kesters (built in 1934) is still in use, on the corner of Kesters and Bridge roads as a real-estate office, and the McIntyre farmhouse was, as of 1985, occupied by the McIntyre family. [10]
The suburb of Para Hills also has a school R-7, and was made in 1961 so it is over 47 years old. The school is on Francis Ave.
Para Hills was used to showcase an 'expandable house' that allowed for rooms to be added in four stages. The house was part of the Housing Trust of South Australia's demonstration village opened in 1982. [16]
The suburb is accessible from Adelaide by bus, (partly using Adelaide's O-Bahn Busway). A train station is approximately 2 kilometres to the west.
Public transport began in 1961 with a once-daily, privately run return bus service to Adelaide. The service was run by "Lewis Brothers", initially with a £60 weekly subsidy from Reid Murray Developments. By 1974, when the Municipal Tramways Trust took over all buses and services in Para Hills, it had expanded to 44 buses and numerous routes. [17]
Bus routes in Para Hills provide connections to Elizabeth Shopping Centre, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Women's and Children's Hospital and Westfield Tea Tree Plaza
Elizabeth is an outer northern suburb of the Adelaide metropolitan area, South Australia, 24 km north of the Adelaide city centre. It is located in the City of Playford. At the 2016 census, Elizabeth had a population of 1,024.
The City of Salisbury is a local government area (LGA) located in the northern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia, and neighbours City of Playford, City of Tea Tree Gully and City of Port Adelaide Enfield geographically.
Gulfview Heights is a small suburb of Adelaide, South Australia and is within the City of Salisbury and City of Tea Tree Gully local government area. It is adjacent to Wynn Vale, Salisbury East and Para Hills.
Wynn Vale is an outer north-eastern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia and is located within the City of Tea Tree Gully local government area. It is adjacent to Golden Grove, Modbury Heights, Surrey Downs, Salisbury East and Para Hills. It is located approximately 20 km north-east of the city of Adelaide.
Greenwith is an outer-north-eastern suburb of Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia, and is within the City of Tea Tree Gully local government area. It is adjacent to Golden Grove and Salisbury Heights. Greenwith is the northernmost part of the Golden Grove urban land development.
Ingle Farm is an established, residential suburb, with some parklands, of about 8,500 people in the South Australian capital city of Adelaide. It is located at the base of the Mount Lofty Ranges foothills, around 12 kilometres north-east of Adelaide's central business district. It covers an area of 4.47 km2 with a population density of 19.41 people per hectare in 2001.
Kersbrook is a town near Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the Adelaide Hills Council local government area. At the 2006 census, Kersbrook had a population of 367.
Valley View is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It spans three separate local government areas. They are the City of Salisbury, the City of Port Adelaide Enfield, and the City of Tea Tree Gully. The suburb's boundaries are defined by the intersection of Walkleys, Grand Junction and North East Roads in the south, and Wright and Kelly Roads in the north and east.
Vale Park is a suburb of Adelaide in the Town of Walkerville, Australia. It is located northeast of the Adelaide city centre between North East Road and the River Torrens, astride Ascot Avenue, part of the A17 highway which is the eastern ring route bypass of Adelaide.
Parafield Gardens is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. The suburb is largely residential, with a pocket of industrial land in the southwest corner. There are two small shopping centres in the area, one on Salisbury Highway, and another on Sheperdson Road.
Paralowie is a suburb in the north of Adelaide, South Australia, 21.4 km north of the Adelaide city centre. It is predominantly a residential suburb.
Para Hills West is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia, and is within the City of Salisbury. It is on the eastern side of Main North Road, opposite Parafield Airport. The other boundaries are McIntyre Road, Bridge Road and Maxwell Road.
Richmond is an inner suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located on Kaurna land in the City of West Torrens.
Craigmore is a large suburb north of Adelaide, South Australia. It is in the City of Playford local government area, just east of Elizabeth and south of Gawler.
Salisbury is a northern suburb in Adelaide, South Australia. It is the seat of the City of Salisbury, and in the South Australian Legislative Assembly electoral district of Ramsay and the Australian House of Representatives division of Spence. The suburb is a service area for the City of Salisbury district, with an abundance of parklands, shops, cafes and restaurants. Parabanks Shopping Centre is also located in Salisbury, which includes Woolworths, Coles and Big W as its signature retailers.
Golden Grove is an outer north-eastern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia and is within the City of Tea Tree Gully local government area. It is adjacent to Wynn Vale, Surrey Downs, Greenwith, Yatala Vale, Fairview Park, and Salisbury East.
Brahma Lodge is a northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the City of Salisbury.
Munno Para is a northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the City of Playford.
Andrews Farm is a northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the City of Playford.
Blakeview is a northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the City of Playford. Blakeview is predominantly a residential suburb, but also has two commercial areas and two education areas.