Paw Paw Formation

Last updated
Paw Paw Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Albian
~105–100  Ma
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Type Geological formation
Unit of Comanche & Washita Groups
Lithology
Primary Mudstone
Location
Coordinates 32°54′N97°18′W / 32.9°N 97.3°W / 32.9; -97.3
Approximate paleocoordinates 30°12′N59°48′W / 30.2°N 59.8°W / 30.2; -59.8
RegionFlag of Texas.svg  Texas
CountryFlag of the United States (23px).png  United States
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Paw Paw Formation (the United States)
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Paw Paw Formation (Texas)

The Paw Paw Formation is a geological formation in Texas whose strata date back to the late Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.

Contents

Fossil content

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxonTaxon falsely reported as presentDubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Reptiles

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Nodosauridae indet. [1] [2] Indeterminate Tarrant County, Texas Humerus, ilia, scapulocoracoid and specimen representing a babyJuvenile nodosaurid remains that cannot be compared with Pawpawsaurus due to lack of overlapping elements. Informally referred to as the "Paw Paw Scuteling". [3] Baby Nodosaur FWMSH.jpg
Pawpawsaurus [1] P. campbelli Tarrant County, Texas Complete skullA nodosaurid Pawpawsaurus cropped.png
Texasetes [4] T. pleurohalio Blue Mound Partial skeletonA nodosaurid NMNH-USNM337987 1.jpg

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Coloborhynchus [5] C. wadleighiSMU locality 263Jaw elementsSpecies moved to the genus Uktenadactylus
Tapejarinae indet. [6] IndeterminateSMU locality 263Incomplete right metatarsal Tapejarid bone with signs of scavenging by fish and sharks
Uktenadactylus [5] [7] U. wadleighiSMU locality 263Jaw elementsAn anhanguerid Uktenadactylus.png

Turtles

Turtles reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Testudines indet. [2] IndeterminateSMU locality 241Remains of a turtle

Fish

Bony fish

Bony fish reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Allocyclostoma [8] A. alienusJuniper Point locality3 otoliths A beardfish
Apateodus [8] A. sp.Juniper Point locality6 otolithsAn aulopiform
Argentina? [8] A. texanaJuniper Point locality49 otolithsAn argentine
Elopothrissus [8] E. pawpawensisJuniper Point locality139 otolithsA bonefish
Genartina [8] G. princepsJuniper Point locality486 otolithsA fish of uncertain classification
Ichthyodectiformes indet. [2] IndeterminateSMU locality 241Represents either Saurodon sp. or Saurocephalus sp.
Ichthyotringa [8] I.? cuneataJuniper Point locality12 otolithsAn aulopiform
I. sp.Juniper Point localityAn otolithAn aulopiform
Paraulopus [8] P.? wichitaeJuniper Point locality6 otolithsAn aulopiform
Pteralbula [8] P. galtinaJuniper Point locality7 otolithsA bonefish
Teleostei incertae sedis [8] IndeterminateJuniper Point locality3 otolithsTeleost fish remains
Texoma [8] T. cyclogasterJuniper Point locality5 otolithsA beardfish

Cartilaginous fish

Cartilaginous fish reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Cretalamna [2] [9] C. appendiculataTeethAn otodontid shark
Cretodus [9] C. semiplicatusRoanoke15 teethA mackerel shark
Cretoxyrhina [10] C. vraconensisNortheast TexasSeven teethA mackerel shark
Leptostyrax [2] [9] L. macrorhizusNine teethA mackerel shark
Paraisurus [2] [9] P. compressus
  • Roanoke
  • SMU locality 241
Incomplete toothA mackerel shark
Protolamna [9] P. roanokeensisRoanokeTeethA mackerel shark
Pseudohypolophus [2] P. sp.SMU locality 241A ray
Squalicorax [2] [9] [11] [12] S. aff. S. baharijensisA toothAn anacoracid shark
S. pawpawensisTeethAn anacoracid shark
S. priscoserratusTeethAn anacoracid shark
S. volgensisRoanokeTeethMaterial reassigned to S. pawpawensis
S. sp.TeethMaterial reassigned to S. pawpawensis

Invertebrates

Arthropods

Arthropods reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Acanthaxius [13] A. carinatusNear Fort Worth Several specimensAn axiid
Angulotergum [14] A. milviformisSalvation Army localityNumerous specimensA barnacle
Axiopsis [13] A. pawpawensisNear Fort WorthOne specimenAn axiid
A. sampsonumaeNear Fort WorthOne specimenAn axiid
A. spiniferaNear Fort WorthOne specimenAn axiid
Cenomanocarcinus [15] C. vanstraeleniTarrant CountySeveral specimensA cenomanocarcinid crab
Cretacoranina [16] C. punctataApproximately 260 specimensA frog crab
Dawsonius [13] D. tigrisNear Fort WorthSeveral specimensA ctenochelid
Diotascalpellum [14] D. aciesSalvation Army localityMultiple specimensA barnacle
Feldmannia [2] [17] [18] F. wintoni
  • SMU locality 241
  • Haltom City
  • Between Haltom City & Hurst
  • Benbrook
Numerous specimensAn etyiid crab originally named as Xanthosia wintoni
Galathea [19] G. cretacea Watauga One specimenA squat lobster
G.? limoniticaSouth of Fort WorthOne specimenA squat lobster
Ivolepas [14] I. worthensisSalvation Army localityMultiple specimensA barnacle
Linuparus [2] L. adkinsiSMU locality 241A spiny lobster
Marylyreidus [15] M. punctatusTarrant County3 specimensA lyreidid crab
Meticonaxius [13] M. rhacheochirNear Fort WorthOne specimenA micheleid
Nephrops [19] N. americanusFort WorthNumerous specimensA lobster
Nodosculda [20] N. fisherorumNear Fort WorthSeveral specimensA mantis shrimp
Paraxiopsis [13] P. erugatusNear Fort WorthSeveral specimensAn axiid
P. texensisNear Fort WorthSeveral specimensAn axiid
Raninella [2] R. sp.SMU locality 241A frog crab
Xanthosia [2] [17] [18] X. asperaSeveral specimensAn etyiid crab
X. pawpawensis
  • Haltom City
  • Between Haltom City & Hurst
  • Hurst
  • Benbrook
36 specimensAn etyiid crab
X. reidi
  • Keller
  • Haltom City
10 carapacesAn etyiid crab
X. wintoni
  • SMU locality 241
  • Haltom City
  • Between Haltom City & Hurst
  • Benbrook
Numerous specimensMoved to the genus Feldmannia

Bivalves

Bivalves reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Lima [2] L. sp.SMU locality 241A limid
Lopha [2] L. quadriplicataSMU locality 241An ostreid
Neithea [2] N. sp.SMU locality 241A neitheid
Stearnsia [2] S. robbinsiSMU locality 241A crassatellid
Texigryphaea [2] T. washitaensisSMU locality 241A gryphaeid
Trigonia [2] T. clavigera?SMU locality 241A trigoniid

Cephalopods

Cephalopods reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Anisoceras [21] A. armatum5 fragmentsAn ammonite
Cantabrigites [21] C. spinosumMultiple specimensAn ammonite
C. wenoensisMultiple specimensAn ammonite
Conlinites [21] C. wrighti
  • Northeast of Watagua
  • West of Roanoke
Several hundred specimensAn ammonite
Engonoceras [2] [21] E. serpentinumNear Denison Multiple specimensAn ammonite
E. sp.SMU locality 241An ammonite
Enigmaticeras [21] E. riceae
  • Northeast of Watagua
  • East of Watagua
  • Near Haslet
12 specimensAn ammonite
Ficheuria [21] F. americanaEast of WataguaOne specimenAn ammonite
F. pernoniOne specimenAn ammonite
Flickia [21] F. simplexSouth of Rio VistaOne specimenAn ammonite
Hamites [21] H. venetzianusKeller7 fragmentsAn ammonite
Lechites [21] L. (Lechites) comanchensisMultiple specimensAn ammonite
Mariella [21] M. (Mariella) asper
  • Fort Worth
  • South of Rio Vista
Multiple specimensAn ammonite
M. (Mariella) worthensis
  • Fort Worth
  • Southwest of Haslet
Multiple specimensAn ammonite
Mortoniceras [21] M. (Subschloenbachia) rostratumSouth of Rio Vista Internal mouldAn ammonite
Neophlycticeras [21] N. (Neophlycticeras) sp.A single shellAn ammonite
N. (Paradolphia) occidentalisEast of WataguaA single shellAn ammonite
Scaphites [21] S. hilliFort WorthMultiple specimensAn ammonite
Stoliczkaia [21] S. (Lamnayella) worthenseFort WorthSeveral hundred specimensAn ammonite
S. (Shumarinaia) asiatica2 specimensAn ammonite
S. (Stoliczkaia) clavigeraFragments of phragmocone An ammonite
Tetragonites [21] T. sp.Northeast of WataguaInternal mouldAn ammonite
Worthoceras [21] W. worthenseMultiple specimensAn ammonite

Echinoderms

Echinoderms reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Alkaidia [22] A. sumralli
  • Fort Worth
  • Benbrook
36 fragmentsA starfish
Altairia [22] A. wintoniFort Worth6 specimensA starfish
Asteroidea indet. [2] IndeterminateSMU locality 241A starfish
Betelgeusia [22] B. reidi
  • Keller
  • Haltom City
  • Fort Worth
  • Benbrook
  • Hurst
Hundreds of specimensA starfish
Capellia [22] C. mauriceiFort WorthSeveral specimensA starfish
Crateraster [22] C. texensis
  • Fort Worth
  • Benbrook
Over 30 specimensA starfish
Denebia [22] D. americana
  • Fort Worth
  • Benbrook
Numerous specimensA starfish
Discocrinus [23] D. catastomusMultiple specimensA crinoid
Echinoidea indet. [2] IndeterminateSMU locality 241A sea urchin
Fomalhuatia [22] F. hortensae
  • Fort Worth
  • Benbrook
Numerous specimensA starfish
Goniasteridae indet. [22] UnknownFort Worth3 marginal ossicles A starfish
Poecilocrinus [2] [23] P. dispandusSMU locality 241A crinoid
P. dispandus forma discusFew specimensA crinoid
P. dispandus forma floriformisMultiple specimensA crinoid
Roveacrinus [23] R. morganaeFort WorthOne specimenA crinoid
R. proteusFort Worth32 cupsA crinoid

Gastropods

Gastropods reported from the Paw Paw Formation
GenusSpeciesPresenceMaterialNotesImages
Turritella [2] T. sp.SMU locality 241A turritellid

See also

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References

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