Penstemon gracilentus | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Plantaginaceae |
Genus: | Penstemon |
Species: | P. gracilentus |
Binomial name | |
Penstemon gracilentus | |
Synonyms [2] | |
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Penstemon gracilentus is a species of penstemon known by the common name slender penstemon. It is native to the mountains and sagebrush plateau of northeastern California, western Nevada, and eastern Oregon, where it grows in forest, woodland, and scrub habitat. It is a herb producing upright branches to about 65 centimeters in maximum height, the stems developing woody bases. The leaves are up to 10 centimeters in length and linear or lance-shaped. The glandular inflorescence produces several tubular purple flowers up to 2 centimeters long. The mouth of each flower may be hairless or coated in long hairs, and the staminode usually has a coat of yellow hairs. [3]
Slender penstemon is a herbaceous plant that will grow 20 to 65 centimeters (8 to 26 in) tall. [4] It will usually have several stems that either grow straight upwards or outwards before curving to grow upwards from a branched and woody caudex. [5] The stems can be hairless or covered in stiff backwards facing hairs, occasionally they may be covered in natural waxes. [4] It is a perennial plant and long lived, for a penstemon. [6]
The leaves are mostly cauline, attached to the stems of the plant, with basal leaves absent or nearly so from the base of the plant. The leaves are attached on opposite sides of the stem with each stem bearing three to ten pairs, though usually more than six. [4] Lower leaves are oblanceolate to spatulate, like a reversed spear head or spoon shaped with the widest part of the leaf past the midpoint. Upper leaves are narrowly lanceolate, like a thin spear head, or linear like a grass blade. [5] They can measure 2 to 10.5 centimeters in length, but generally are 4 to 8 cm. Their width ranges from 0.2 to 1.5 cm. The leaf edges are smooth and the surface hairless, but sometimes glaucous, covered in gray-blue natural waxes. [4]
The uppermost 3 to 28 centimeters of a stem is an inflorescence with between three and nine groups of flowers. Each group has a pair of cymes with two to seven flowers on branched pedicels. [4]
Penstemon gracilentus was scientifically described and named by Asa Gray in 1858. It is part of the large Penstemon in the Plantaginaceae family. It has no valid subspecies or varieties. Its one botanical synonym is Penstemon gracilentus var. ursorum, a variety described by Willis Linn Jepson in 1925 that is not accepted by Plants of the World Online. [2]
In English it is known by the common name slender penstemon. [7]
Slender penstemon is native to three western states, Nevada, Oregon, and California. [8] In California it is found in the northeast in the high Sierra Nevada, the Cascade Range and its foothills, the Modoc Plateau, and the Warner Mountains. [3] In Nevada it is only known from the far western edge of the state in Douglas, Carson City, and Washoe counties. In eastern Oregon it is recorded in four widely separated counties, Jackson, Lake, Wasco, and Baker. [8]
It is associated with sagebrush scrub, juniper woodlands, yellow-pine forests, and subalpine forests. [3] In sagebrush areas it is often associated with soils derived from lava flows or granite. [5]
In 1988 NatureServe evaluated Penstemon gracilentus and rated it as apparently secure (G4). They rate it as vulnerable (S3) in Nevada and have not evaluated the rest of its range. [1]
Allium punctum is a species of wild onion known by the common name dotted onion or Modoc onion. It is native to the western United States in and around the Modoc Plateau in northeastern California, northwestern Nevada, and southeastern Oregon. It is uncommon, growing in volcanic flatlands created by old lava flows.
Penstemon albomarginatus is a rare species of penstemon known by the common name white-margined penstemon. It is native to the deserts of southern Nevada, western Arizona, and southern California.
Penstemon anguineus is a species of penstemon known by the common name Siskiyou penstemon. It is native to the mountains of southern Oregon and northern California, where it grows in coniferous forests, often in open areas left by logging operations.
Penstemon azureus is a flowering plant species known by the common name azure penstemon. It is native to the mountains of Oregon and northern California. It grows in coniferous forests and woodlands in the Klamath Mountains, North California Coast Ranges, Southern Cascade Range, and Northern Sierra Nevada.
Penstemon barnebyi is a species of penstemon known by the common names White River Valley beardtongue and Barneby's beardtongue. It is native to the mountain and basin territory of central western Nevada, where it grows in sagebrush and woodland; there is also one occurrence just over the California border.
Penstemon caesius, commonly known as the San Bernardino penstemon, is a low growing species of flowering plant. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the San Bernardino and San Gabriel Mountains, as well as the southern mountains of the Sierra Nevada. It is a member of the flora on rocky slopes and in coniferous forests and alpine habitat in the mountains.
Penstemon calcareus is a species of penstemon known by the common name limestone penstemon. It is native to California, where it is known from the deserts of central San Bernardino County, as well as the Death Valley area, where its distribution extends just over the border into Nevada. It grows in scrub and woodland, often on limestone substrates.
Penstemon centranthifolius is a species of penstemon known by the common name scarlet bugler. It is native to California and parts of Mexico, where it grows in many types of dry habitat from coast to desert, such as chaparral and oak woodland.
Penstemon cinicola is a species of penstemon known by the common name ash penstemon. It is native to northeastern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in forests and plateau habitat.
Penstemon clevelandii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Cleveland penstemon. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat such as scrub, woodland, and chaparral.
Penstemon deustus is a species of penstemon known by the common names hotrock penstemon and scabland penstemon. It is native to much of the northwestern United States from the Pacific Northwest to Wyoming, where it grows in many types of forest and open plateau habitat, often on soils heavy in volcanic rock or on limestone outcrops.
Penstemon eatonii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Penstemon, known by the common name firecracker penstemon. It is native to the Western United States from Southern California to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of desert, woodland, forest, and open plateau habitat.
Penstemon filiformis is an uncommon species of Penstemon known by the common name threadleaf penstemon. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it grows in forest and woodland, often on serpentine soils.
Penstemon floridus is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Panamint penstemon and rose penstemon.
Penstemon fruticiformis is a species of penstemon known by the common name Death Valley penstemon. It is native to the western United States, where it is found growing in rocky scrub, woodlands, deserts and mountains of eastern California and western Nevada. It is known from scattered occurrences around Death Valley, and only one of the two varieties occurs on the Nevada side of the border.
Penstemon fruticosus, the bush penstemon or shrubby penstemon, is a species of penstemon native to the Pacific Northwest of North America.
Penstemon ambiguus, commonly known as the bush penstemon, pink plains penstemon, or gilia beardtongue is a species of Penstemon that grows in the shortgrass prairies and deserts of the western United States and northern Mexico. This bush-like penstemon grows in sandy, loose, and creosote soils and is particularly known for the spectacular flowering show it produces, sometime seasons turning whole hillsides bright pink–white.
Penstemon caespitosus, commonly known as mat penstemon, is a summer blooming perennial flower in the large Penstemon genus. It is a widespread plant from near timberline to the foothills in the Southern Rocky Mountains and Colorado Plateau in North America. It is noted for its ground hugging growth habit and as a plant used in xeriscape and rock gardening.
Penstemon gairdneri is a species of perennial plant in the Plantaginaceae family with the common name Gairdner's beardtongue. It is native to Washington, Oregon, and Idaho in the western United States.
Penstemon arenicola, commonly known as Red Desert penstemon, is a species of plant from the Western United States. It primarily grows in Wyoming, but it also grows in small areas of Colorado and Utah. It is a short plant known for growing in sand as referenced by its scientific name.