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A permanent autonomous zone (PAZ) is a community that is autonomous from the generally recognized state or authority structure in which it is embedded. PAZs are not controlled by any government (as recognized by other governments). [1]
The phrase permanent autonomous zone has been applied to groups such as:[ citation needed ][ when defined as? ]
| Zone | Start Date | End Date | City, State | Country | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kowloon Walled City | 1987 | 1989 | Hong Kong | China | [2] |
| Exarcheia | 1973 | ongoing | Athens | Greece | [3] |
| Metelkova | 1993 | ongoing | Ljubljana | Slovenia | [4] |
| Freetown Christiania | 1971 | ongoing | Copenhagen | Denmark | A partially self-governing neighborhood in the city of Copenhagen, Denmark, which has established semi-legal status as an independent community. [5] |
| Zone to Defend | 2020 | ongoing | Notre-Dame-des-Landes | France | The ZAD (French: zone à défendre) in French) is a militant occupation that is intended to physically blockade a development project, notably the one located in the commune of Notre-Dame-des-Landes in France. [6] |
| Paris Commune | 1870 | 1871 | Paris | France | As well as short-lived counterparts declared in other French towns in 1870–71. [7] |
| Auroville | 1968 | ongoing | India | An intentional community. [8] | |
| Shinmin Prefecture | 1929 | 1931 | Manchuria | In the Korea borderlands. [9] | |
| Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities | 1994 | ongoing | Chiapas | Mexico | The independent Zapatista communities (MAREZ from their name in Spanish). Established following the 1994 Zapatista uprising, these communities operate, in practice, outside of Mexican law. They are governed internally by "Good Government Councils" composed of community members and also often by weekly general assemblies open to all members of the community. Each community also sends delegates to a regional council in order to report decisions made in their respective communities. |
| Revolutionary Catalonia | 1936 | 1939 | Spain | ||
| Rojava Revolution | 2012 | ongoing | Syria | An ongoing social revolution in Northern Syria based upon regional autonomy and influenced by anarcho-communist principles, as exemplified by the Democratic Federation of Northern Syria | |
| Lalgarh Liberated Zone | November 2008 | June 2009 | Jhargram, West Bengal | India | A regional community influenced by Maoist principles, in the state of West Bengal. |
| Free Territory | 1918 | 1921 | Ukraine | The Ukrainian Free Territory (Makhnovia) | |
| Free Derry | 1969 | 1972 | Northern Ireland | United Kingdom | [10] |
| Dreamtime Village | 1990 | ongoing | United States | A hypermedia permaculture eco-village project in southwestern Wisconsin. [11] | |
| Black Bear Ranch | 1968 | ongoing | California | United States | An intentional community governed by consensus in Siskiyou National Forest of northern California. |
| Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone | 2020 | 2020 | Seattle, Washington | United States | June–July 2020 [12] |
| Red House eviction defense | 2020 | ongoing | Portland, Oregon | United States | An occupation protest with the goal of getting an evicted family their house back. Protesters barricaded the house and surrounding street. [13] |
| George Floyd Square autonomous zone [14] | 2020 | 2021 | Minneapolis, Minnesota | United States | The location of the murder of George Floyd. It has been barricaded. [15] [ further explanation needed ] |
| Orisha Land | 2021 | 2021 | Austin, Texas | United States | A self-declared autonomous zone claimed by activist group 400+1. Its center is Rosewood Park which was renamed to Jordan's place in remembrance of the fatal shooting of Jordan Walton. [16] Started on February 14 and ended almost 1 month later, on March 11. [17] [18] |
Squatting is the action of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied area of land or a building, usually residential, that the squatter does not own, rent or otherwise have lawful permission to use. The United Nations estimated in 2003 that there were one billion slum residents and squatters globally. Squatting occurs worldwide and tends to occur when people who are poor and homeless find empty buildings or land to occupy for housing. It has a long history, broken down by country below.
Peter Lamborn Wilson was an American anarchist author and poet, primarily known for his concept of Temporary Autonomous Zones, short-lived spaces which elude formal structures of control. During the 1970s, Wilson lived in the Middle East, where he explored mysticism and translated Persian texts. Starting from the 1980s he wrote numerous political writings, illustrating his theory of "ontological anarchy". His style of anarchism has drawn criticism for its emphasis on individualism and mysticism, as did some of his writings where he defended pederasty.
Auroville is an experimental township in Viluppuram district, mostly in the state of Tamil Nadu, India, with some parts in the Union Territory of Pondicherry in India. It was founded in 1968 by Mirra Alfassa and designed by architect Roger Anger.
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Jerome P. “Jerry” McDermott was the 22nd High Sheriff of Norfolk County. He was appointed sheriff by Governor Baker in December 2018 after the resignation of Michael G. Bellotti. He was defeated by Patrick McDermott in the November 2020 special election, 60%-40%. Massachusetts Majority PAC, a Super PAC with close ties to Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker, spent $167,148 on his behalf which made him the biggest beneficiary of the super PAC's spending.
Samuel Animashaun Perry, better known as Broda Shaggi, is a Nigerian comedian, actor, songwriter and musician. He is a native of Ishagamu in Ogun State but born in Ikene in Ogun state. At a young age, he took an interest in acting drama as influenced by his late father who was a drama teacher. He is notable for his satirical plays which he shared on Instagram however came through with his parody drama Jesu in Mushin.
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