Peronopsis

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Peronopsis
Temporal range: earliest Mayan to earliest Batyrbayan
Itagnostus interstrictus - Wheeler Schale, Utah, USA - Cambrian period ([?] -507 MA) - 39.25degN 113.33degW .jpg
Itagnostus interstrictus, until recently known as Peronopsis interstricta, from the Wheeler Shale, Utah
Scientific classification
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Peronopsis

Hawle and Corda, 1847
subgenera [1]
  • Peronopsis (Peronopsis)
  • Peronopsis (Proacadagnostus)Naimark, 2012
  • Peronopsis (Svenax)Öpik, 1979
  • Peronopsis (Vulgagnostus)Naimark, 2012

and see text for species

Peronopsis (meaning "broach-like" or possibly "boot-like" [2] ) is a genus of trilobite restricted to the Middle Cambrian. Its remains have been found in Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America. [1]

Contents

Etymology

The subgenus Svenax is a contraction of Sven Axel, the given names of the paleontologist Tullberg.

Taxonomy

Position of Peronopsis palmadon

Peronopsis palmadon is intermediate between Peronopsidae and Condylopygidae, but it is not clear whether P. palmadon is ancestral to the Condylopigidae, a condylopigid exhibiting regression towards ancestral characters, or an example of parallel evolution. [1]

Species previously assigned to Peronopsis

Species and distribution

Schematic showing the relationship between the different subgenera of Peronopsis (light green) with other Peronopsid genera (darker green). Unclear is the position of ?Peronopsis palmadon, a transitional form between the agnostoids and the condylopygids. Gradogram Peronopsis.jpg
Schematic showing the relationship between the different subgenera of Peronopsis (light green) with other Peronopsid genera (darker green). Unclear is the position of ?Peronopsis palmadon, a transitional form between the agnostoids and the condylopygids.

Subgenus Peronopsis (Peronopsis)

Subgenus Peronopsis (Proacadagnostus)

Subgenus Peronopsis (Svenax)

P. scutalis s.l. Salter, is recorded also from the Middle Cambrian of the Russian Federation (Mandybashskii horizon, Dolgii mys mountain, Betenev range; Tomagnostus fissus Zone, Lena River; Kounamkites Zone, Nekekit River, Khorbusuonka River, and Daldyno-Alakitshii District; Pseudanomocarina aojiformis zone, Hormustah District), Australia (Triplagnostus gibbus Zone, Sandover Beds early, Northern Territories) ; Greenland (Ptychagnostus atavus Zone, Henson Gletscher Formation; P. punctuosus Zone, Nyebö, North Greenland; Lejopyge laevigata Zone, Holm Dal Formation), Canada (Ptychagnostus atavus Zone, Saint John Formation; Paradoxides abenacus Zone, Saint Martin; both New Brunswick; P. hicksi Zone, Deep Cove, Newfoundland), Sweden (Ptychagnostus punctuosus Zone, Andrarum, Gislovshammar and Brantevik; Solenopleura s.l. brachymetopa Zone, Andrarum) and Italy (Gonnesa Formation, Sardinia). P. scutalis s.l. is also recorded from the Ford Beds, H. parvifrons Biozone, of Ford railway station, Pembrokeshire, SW Wales, described by Thomas & Jones (1912). [7]

Subgenus Peronopsis (Vulgagnostus)

Unrevised species

These species may be assigned to one of the subgenera later or be reassigned to another genus.

Related Research Articles

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<i>Agnostus</i> Extinct genus of trilobites

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<i>Agraulos</i> Genus of trilobites

Agraulos is a genus of Solenopleuridae trilobites that lived during the Middle Cambrian in North America and Europe, particularly the Czech Republic. The genus was named by Hawle & Corda in 1847.

<i>Acontheus</i> Extinct genus of trilobites

Acontheus is a genus of trilobites belonging to the Family Corynexochidae, Order Corynexochida, and is geographically widespread having been recorded from middle Cambrian strata in Sweden, Newfoundland, Germany, Siberia, Antarctica, Queensland, China and Wales.

Eoagnostus is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the terminal Lower Cambrian (Toyonian), until the earliest Middle Cambrian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wheeler Shale</span> Geologic formation in Utah notable for trilobite fossils

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<i>Ptychagnostus</i> Extinct genus of trilobites

Ptychagnostus is a member of the agnostida that lived during the Cambrian period. Ptychagnostidae generally do not exceed one centimetre in length. Their remains are rarely found in empty tubes of the polychaete worm Selkirkia. The genus probably ranged throughout the water column. It has two glabellar lobes, and three pygidial lobes.

<i>Ellipsocephalus</i> Genus of trilobites (blind)

Ellipsocephalus Zenker, 1833, is a genus of blind Cambrian trilobite, comprising benthic species inhabiting deep, poorly lit or aphotic habitats. E. hoffi is a common trilobite mainly from central Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peronopsidae</span>

The Peronopsidae comprise the earliest family of the Agnostina suborder. Species of this family occurred on all paleocontinents. The earliest representatives of this family first occur just before the start of the Middle Cambrian, and the last disappeared just after the start of the Upper Cambrian.

<i>Itagnostus</i> Extinct genus of trilobites

Itagnostus is a genus of trilobite restricted to the Middle Cambrian. Its remains have been found in Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Condylopygidae</span> Family of trilobites

The Condylopygidae Raymond (2013) are a family of small trilobites that lived during the Middle Cambrian, and found in Canada, the Czech Republic, Germany, France, Spain, England, Wales, Sweden, and the Russian Federation (Siberia). They uniquely differ from all other Agnostina in having the frontal glabellar lobe wider than the rear lobe. The Condylopygidae are the only family assigned to the Condylopygoidea superfamily.

<i>Pleuroctenium</i>

Pleuroctenium Hawle & Corda (1847) is an agnostid trilobite belonging to the family Condylopygidae Raymond (1913). The genus occurs in Middle Cambrian (Drumian) strata of Canada, the Czech Republic, England and Wales, France, and Sweden.

Diplorrhina Hawle and Corda (1847) is a genus of trilobite belonging to Order Agnostida. It lived during the early Middle Cambrian in what are now the Czech Republic and the North Siberian plateau. as in members of the family Peronopsidae it lacks a preglabellar furrow. Both cephalon and pygidium lack spines. It is difficult to distinguish Diplorrhina from many other peronopsids.

<i>Condylopyge</i> Genus of trilobites

Condylopyge Hawle and Corda (1847) is a genus of agnostid trilobite that lived during the late Lower and early Middle Cambrian, in what are today Canada, the Czech Republic, England and Wales, France, Germany, Italy, Morocco, the Russian Federation, Spain, Turkey and Sweden. It can easily be distinguished from all other Agnostida because the frontal glabellar lobe is notably wider than the rear lobe. It belongs to the same family as Pleuroctenium but the frontal glabellar lobe does not fold around the rear lobe, as it does in that genus. Condylopyge is long ranging, possibly spanning the early Cambrian Terreneuvian Series in Nuneaton, central England into at least Drumian strata at various locations elsewhere.

Schmalenseeia is genus of trilobites of uncertain affinity, that lived during the middle Middle to earliest Upper Cambrian. Species assigned to Schmalenseeia have been found in Norway, Sweden, Northern Siberia, Eastern China, Australia (Tasmania), India (Himalayas) and the United Kingdom.

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<i>Plutonides</i> Extinct genus of trilobites

Plutonides is a genus of Middle Cambrian trilobite in the family Paradoxididae with species Plutonides sedgwickii and possibly Plutonides? illingi. Several other species and subspecies were at times placed in Plutonides but have subsequently been moved to other genera.

<i>Bailiaspis</i> Genus of trilobites

Bailiaspis Resser, 1936, is a Middle Cambrian (Miaolingian) trilobite genus belonging to the Family Conocoryphidae Angelin, 1854. Within the Acado-Baltic region, the genus ranges from Wuliuan into Guzhangian age strata.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Naimark, E.B. (2012). "Hundred species of the Genus Peronopsis Hawle et Corda, 1847". Paleontological Journal. 46 (9): 945–1057. Bibcode:2012PalJ...46..945N. doi:10.1134/S0031030112090018. S2CID   85130465.
  2. Jaeger, Edmund C.; Gish, Merle (1959). A source-book of biological names and terms (3rd ed., rev. ed.). Springfield, IL: Thomas. p. 189. ISBN   978-0398061791.
  3. Hicks, H. 1872. "On some undescribed species from the Menevian Group with a note on the Entomostraca, by Prof. T. Rupert Jones F.G.S." Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 28, 173–185.
  4. Rees, A.J.; Thomas, A.T.; Lewis, M.; Hughes, H.E.; & Turner, P. (2014). "The Cambrian of SW Wales: Towards a United Avalonian Stratigraphy". Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 42, 1–30.)
  5. Illing, V.C. (1916). "The paradoxidian fauna of a part of the Stockingford Shales". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 71 [for 1915], 386–450.
  6. Gronwall, K.A., (1902): 'Bornholms Paradoxideslag og deres Fauna'. Danmarks geologiske Undersøgelse Series 2, 13, 1–230.
  7. Thomas, H.H. & Jones, O.T. 1912. "On the Pre-Cambrian and Cambrian rocks of Brawdy, Hayscastle and Brimaston, Pembrokeshire." Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 68, 374–401.