Phacelia crenulata

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Phacelia crenulata
Phacelia crenulata 5.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Phacelia
Species:
P. crenulata
Binomial name
Phacelia crenulata

Phacelia crenulata is a species of flowering plant in the waterleaf family, Hydrophyllaceae. Its common names include notch-leaf scorpion-weed, [1] notch-leaved phacelia, cleftleaf wildheliotrope, and heliotrope phacelia. [2] Phacelia crenulata has an antitropical distribution, a type of disjunct distribution where a species exists at comparable latitudes on opposite sides of the equator, but not at the tropics. In North America, it is native to the southwestern United States as far east as Colorado and New Mexico, and Baja California and Sonora in Mexico. [3] In South America, it is native to southern Peru, western Bolivia, and northern Chile. [4] [5]

Contents

Description

Phacelia crenulata flowers and leaves Notch-leaf-phacelia Phacelia crenulata clump.jpg
Phacelia crenulata flowers and leaves

This species is an aromatic annual plant growing up to 80 centimeters tall. It is coated in stiff, glandular hairs. The leaves are 2 to 12 centimeters long, the largest occurring around the base of the stem and those higher on the stem much smaller. They are generally oblong in shape with wavy or lobed edges. The inflorescence is a coiled cyme of several flowers. The flower has a bell-shaped purple or blue corolla up to a centimeter long. The corolla has a white tube and sometimes a white throat. The stamens and style are well exserted from mouth of the flower. The fruit is a somewhat rounded capsule a few millimeters wide. [6]

Taxonomy

There are two [3] to five [1] varieties of the species, including: [6]

The varieties can intergrade in some areas. [6]

Impacts

As do many other phacelias, this species causes contact dermatitis. [7]

Related Research Articles

<i>Phacelia fremontii</i> Species of plant

Phacelia fremontii is a flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae native to the southwestern United States. In California, its range includes the Mojave Desert, the San Joaquin Valley, the Coast Ranges, and the Sierra Nevada. It was named for John C. Frémont.

<i>Phacelia minor</i> Species of plant

Phacelia minor, with the common names Whitlavia and wild Canterbury bells, is a species of phacelia. It is native to Southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the Colorado Desert and the coastal and inland mountains of the Transverse-Peninsular Ranges, often in chaparral and areas recently burned.

<i>Phacelia campanularia</i> Species of plant

Phacelia campanularia is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae, known by the common names desertbells, desert bluebells, California-bluebell, desert scorpionweed, and desert Canterbury bells. Its true native range is within the borders of California, in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts, but it is commonly cultivated as an ornamental plant and it can be found growing elsewhere as an introduced species.

<i>Primula pauciflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Primula pauciflora, the pretty shooting star, few-flowered shooting star, dark throat shooting star or prairie shooting star, is a species of flowering plant in the primula family Primulaceae. It is a widespread and very variable species, native to western North America, from Subarctic America to Mexico, often in xeric and desert habitats. It is found in the Great Basin Deserts and Mojave Desert. Its synonyms include Dodecatheon pauciflorum and Dodecatheon pulchellum.

<i>Chaenactis carphoclinia</i> Species of flowering plant

Chaenactis carphoclinia is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name pebble pincushion. It is native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, where it grows in rocky and gravelly habitat, such as the California deserts. The species is found in southern California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, Baja California, Sonora.

Linanthus orcuttii is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name Orcutt's linanthus. It is known only from southern California and Baja California, where it grows in chaparral and pine forests in the Peninsular Ranges and occasionally the San Bernardino Mountains.

<i>Penstemon spectabilis</i> Species of flowering plant

Penstemon spectabilis is a species of penstemon known by the common name showy penstemon or showy beardtongue. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the chaparral, scrub, and woodlands of the coastal mountain ranges.

Phacelia adenophora is a species of phacelia known by the common name glandular yellow phacelia. It is native to the northwestern United States where it can be found in Oregon, northeastern California, and northwestern Nevada. It grows in mountain and plateau habitat. This is an annual herb producing decumbent, creeping, spreading, or upright branched stems up to 40 centimeters long. The leaves are oblong in shape and deeply lobed, measuring up to 3 centimeters long, and concentrated at the base. The inflorescence is a one-sided cyme of many bell-shaped flowers each under 1 cm long. The petals are fused at the base with five lobes. Unlike many phacelias, which bloom in shades of blue and purple, this species has yellow to golden flowers. It occasionally has purple edges on the corolla. It has five hairy stamens. The fruit is a fuzzy, oblong capsule a few millimeters in length containing up to 14 seeds.

Phacelia affinis is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae, known by the common names limestone phacelia and purple-bell scorpionweed. It is native to the southwestern United States and Baja California and Sonora in Mexico. It can be found in scrub, woodland, forest, and other habitat.

<i>Phacelia brachyloba</i> Species of plant

Phacelia brachyloba is a species of phacelia known by the common name shortlobe phacelia. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the coastal mountains, canyons, and valleys. It is one of the many species known as fire followers, that emerge in areas recently burned.

<i>Phacelia ciliata</i> Species of plant

Phacelia ciliata is a species of phacelia known by the common name Great Valley phacelia. It is native to California, where it can be found in many of the coastal mountain ranges, the Central Valley, and the Sierra Nevada foothills; its distribution extends into Baja California. It grows in grasslands and low mountain slopes.

<i>Phacelia curvipes</i> Species of plant

Phacelia curvipes is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae, known by the common names Washoe phacelia and Washoe scorpionweed. It is native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in many types of habitat, such as chaparral, oak and pine woodland, and forests.

<i>Phacelia davidsonii</i> Species of plant

Phacelia davidsonii is a species of phacelia known by the English name Davidson's phacelia named by Asa Gray for the discoverer of this annual plant, Anstruther Davidson, a Scottish naturalist who emigrated from Scotland to Los Angeles, California, in the late nineteenth century. This native forb occurs in southern California and southern Nevada, where it grows in mountains and foothills in chaparral and woodland habitats. In California, this herb is found in the Southern Sierra Nevada, Transverse Ranges, and Peninsular Ranges.

<i>Phacelia grandiflora</i> Species of plant

Phacelia grandiflora is a species of phacelia known by the common name largeflower phacelia. It is native to the coastal hills and southern Transverse Ranges of southern California and Baja California, where it grows in coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and other local habitat, including areas recently burned by wildfire.

<i>Phacelia hastata</i> Species of plant

Phacelia hastata is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae. Its common names include silverleaf scorpionweed, silverleaf phacelia, and white-leaf phacelia. It is native to western North America from British Columbia and Alberta south to California and east to Nebraska. It can be found in many types of habitat, including scrub, woodland, and forest, up to an elevation of 13,000 feet. It prefers sandy to rocky soil.

<i>Phacelia parryi</i> Species of flowering plant

Phacelia parryi is a species of phacelia known by the common name Parry's phacelia.

<i>Phacelia pedicellata</i> Species of plant

Phacelia pedicellata is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae. Its common names include specter phacelia and pedicellate phacelia. It is native to the southwestern United States and Baja California, where it can be found in several types of habitat, including creosote bush scrub and Joshua tree woodland.

<i>Microsteris</i> Genus of flowering plants

Microsteris is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the phlox family containing the single species Microsteris gracilis, known by the common name slender phlox.

<i>Plagiobothrys collinus</i> Species of flowering plant

Plagiobothrys collinus is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name Cooper's popcornflower.

<i>Saltugilia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Saltugilia is a genus of flowering plants in the phlox family, Polemoniaceae. They are known commonly as woodland gilias. There are four species. Two are endemic to California in the United States, and the distributions of the other two extend into Baja California in Mexico.

References

  1. 1 2 Phacelia crenulata. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
  2. Phacelia crenulata. Calflora.
  3. 1 2 "Phacelia crenulata". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  4. Solbrig, O.T. (1972). "The floristic disjunctions between the Monte in Argentina and the Sonoran Desert in Mexico and the United States". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden . 59: 605-614.
  5. "Amphitropical Plant Distributions".
  6. 1 2 3 Phacelia crenulata. The Jepson Manual.
  7. Berry, C. Z., et al. (1962). "Dermatitis venenata from Phacelia crenulata". Archives of Dermatology . 85 (6): 737-39.