Phytolacca acinosa

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Phytolacca acinosa
Phytolacca acinosa 24180995.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Phytolaccaceae
Genus: Phytolacca
Species:
P. acinosa
Binomial name
Phytolacca acinosa
Roxb.
Synonyms [1]
  • Phytolacca esculentaVan Houtte
  • Phytolacca kaempferiA.Gray
  • Phytolacca pekinensisHance
  • Pircunia esculenta(Van Houtte) Moq.
  • Sarcoca acinosa(Roxb.) Skalický
  • Sarcoca esculenta(Van Houtte) Skalický

Phytolacca acinosa, the Indian pokeweed, is a species of flowering plant in the family Phytolaccaceae. [2] It is native to temperate eastern Asia; the Himalayas, most of China, Vietnam to Japan, and has been widely introduced to Europe. [1] The species was originally described by William Roxburgh in 1814. [3] [2]

Contents

Description

Raphides occur profusely in at least the leaves, young flowers, buds, spikes and bracts of at least P. a. var. venosa. [4]

Range

When the species was originally described it was considered a plant located to Nepal. [3] Currently, the plant is considered native to countries surrounding the Himalayas and introduced to large parts of Europe and parts of the United States (Wisconsin). [1]

Ecology

Indian pokeweed is a hyperaccumulator for manganese. [5] [6]

Uses

As a wild food

The young shoots of Indian pokeweed are cooked and eaten by the Gurung people of western Nepal. [7] They are harvested in June and July.

Similar species (look-a-likes)

Due to overlap in diagnostic feature Phytolacca acinosa can be confused with Phytolacca americana, Phytolacca latbenia or Phytolacca polyandra . [8]

Natural products

Phytolacca acinosa is the source of four flavones, [9] four oleanane derivatives, [10] and six triterpenoid saponins. [11]

Flavones

Triterpenoid saponins

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Phytolacca acinosa Roxb". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  2. 1 2 "Phytolacca acinosa Roxb". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  3. 1 2 Carey, William, 1761-1834; Roxburgh, William, 1751-1815; Calcutta Royal Botanic Garden (1814), Hortus Bengalensis, or a Catalogue of the Plants Growing in the Hounourable East India Company's Botanical Garden at Calcutta (PDF), Wikidata   Q16575978 {{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ↑ Gulliver 1864, p. 251.
  5. ↑ Xue, S. G.; Chen, Y. X.; Reeves, Roger D.; Baker, Alan J. M.; Lin, Q.; Fernando, Denise R. (2004-10-01). "Manganese uptake and accumulation by the hyperaccumulator plant Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. (Phytolaccaceae)" . Environmental Pollution. 131 (3): 393–399. Bibcode:2004EPoll.131..393X. doi:10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2004.03.011. PMID   15261402.
  6. ↑ Xu, Xianghua; Shi, Jiyan; Chen, Yingxu; Chen, Xincai; Wang, Hui; Perera, Anton (2006-06-27). "Distribution and mobility of manganese in the hyperaccumulator plant Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. (Phytolaccaceae)" . Plant and Soil. 285 (1–2): 323–331. Bibcode:2006PlSoi.285..323X. doi:10.1007/S11104-006-9018-2.
  7. ↑ Khakurel, Dhruba; Uprety, Yadav; Łuczaj, Łukasz; Rajbhandary, Sangeeta (2021-10-21). "Foods from the wild: Local knowledge, use pattern and distribution in Western Nepal". PLOS ONE. 16 (10): e0258905. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1658905K. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258905 . ISSN   1932-6203. PMC   8530312 . PMID   34673823.
  8. ↑ "Phytolacca acinosa | Manual of the Alien Plants of Belgium". alienplantsbelgium.be. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
  9. ↑ Xiao-Pan Ma; Wen-Fang Zhang; Ping Yi; Jun-Jie Lan; Bin Xia; Sai Jiang; Hua-Yong Lou; Wei-Dong Pan (30 September 2017). "Novel Flavones from the Root of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb". Chemistry and Biodiversity. 14 (12). doi:10.1002/CBDV.201700361. ISSN   1612-1872. PMID   28963759. Wikidata   Q47894904.
  10. ↑ T.K. Razdan; S. Harkar; V. Kachroo; G.L. Koul; E.S. Waight (January 1983). "Triterpenoids from Phytolacca acinosa, three oleanane derivatives". Phytochemistry . 22 (8): 1797–1800. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80274-5. ISSN   0031-9422. Wikidata   Q104950731.
  11. ↑ Jiao He; Jie Ma; Dao-Wan Lai; Yong-min Zhang; Wen-Ji Sun (October 2011). "A new triterpenoid saponin from the roots of Phytolacca acinosa". Natural Product Research . 25 (18): 1771–1775. doi:10.1080/14786419.2010.535155. ISSN   1478-6419. PMID   21827284. Wikidata   Q45204476.

Bibliography

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