Pleosporaceae | |
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Cochliobolus sativus | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Dothideomycetes |
Order: | Pleosporales |
Family: | Pleosporaceae Nitschke (1869) [1] |
Synonyms | |
Pyrenophoraceae |
Pleosporaceae is a family of sac fungi. They are pathogenic to humans or saprobic on woody and dead herbaceous stems or leaves. [2]
They are generally anamorphic species (having an asexual reproductive stage). [3] The type species is Stemphylium botryosum Wallr. [2]
They have a cosmopolitan distribution worldwide. [4]
The family was created in 1869, [1] based on the immersed ascomata and pseudoparaphyses of some species, and it was assigned to Sphaeriales order. It was then placed in the Pseudosphaeriaceae family by Theissen & Sydow (1917a) and then later raised to ordinal rank as the Pseudosphaeriales. [5] Luttrell (1955) assigned Pleosporaceae under the Pleosporales order and treated Pseudosphaeriales as a synonym of Pleosporales. [6] Later, availability of molecular data, and multi-gene phylogenetic studies confirmed the familial placement of Pleosporaceae with respect to other families in order Pleosporales (Lumbsch & Huhndorf 2010, [7] Zhang et al. 2012b). [8] Genera Alternaria, Bipolaris and Stemphylium are more common asexual morphs in Pleosporaceae and they are also saprobes or parasites on various hosts. [2] Boonmee et al. transferred Allonecte from family Tubeufiaceae to family Pleosporaceae in 2011. [9] Ariyawansa et al. (2015c) revised the family and accepted 18 genera into it. [10] According to Wijayawardene et al. (2018), [11] 16 genera were accepted in Pleosporaceae based on morphological and molecular data. Pem et al. (2019c) accepted genus Gibbago in Pleosporaceae based on morphological and molecular data. [12]
As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020; [13]
Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per genus. [13]