Part of a series on |
Canadian citizenship |
---|
Canadaportal |
The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) is a set of Canadian immigration programs operated by the Government of Canada in partnership with individual provinces, each of which having its own requirements and 'streams' (i.e., target groups). [1] In a program stream, provinces and territories may, for example, target: business people, students, skilled workers, or semi-skilled workers.
While provincial governments manage PNPs according to their individual objectives, the federal government's immigration department, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, ultimately administers and decides on permanent residence applications. [2]
The Alberta Immigrant Nominee Program (AINP) is an economic immigration program that nominates people for permanent residence (PR) in Alberta. [2]
To be eligible, nominees must either have skills that satisfy job shortages in Alberta or be preparing to buy or begin a business in the province. Those nominated through the program may apply for PR status together with their spouse or common-law partner, and dependent children, but must also be able to provide for their families. [2]
The AINP has 2 streams for foreign workers who are living and working—or plan to live and work—in Alberta: [2]
The AINP has 2 streams for entrepreneurs who plan to live in Alberta and buy or begin a business in the province:
The Atlantic Immigration Pilot Program (AIPP) began as a pilot program in 2017, but IRCC plans to make it permanent. [5] [6] Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Prince Edward Island are the four Atlantic provinces where the AIPP operates.
Employers are not required to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment under the AIPP. [7] The quota for the Atlantic Provinces Program was 2,000 people in 2017; [8] it was increased to 6,000 people in 2021. [9]
AIPP offers 2 categories for people who qualify for a nomination:
The BC Provincial Nominee Program (BC PNP) is an immigration program for British Columbia that gives "high-demand foreign workers and experienced entrepreneurs" the opportunity to become a permanent resident in BC. [11]
The BC PNP offers 2 pathways to obtain a permanent residence in BC, each containing different streams one can apply under, depending on their National Occupational Classification skill level, job, or international-student status: [12]
The Manitoba Provincial Nominee Program (MPNP) is the immigration program for the province of Manitoba. [15] The MPNP allows Manitoba to nominate qualified applicants for Canadian permanent resident status, and is primarily divided into 3 streams with each stream subdivided into categories for different types of candidates: the Skilled Worker Stream, the International Education Stream, and the Business Investor Stream. [16]
The program accounts for more than three-quarters of all new immigrants arriving in Manitoba, and is seen as the main driver for the increased population growth. [17] The program has enabled a resurrection of immigration from Ukraine to Manitoba, which had almost stopped in the early 1990s. An estimated 250 people a year have emigrated from Ukraine in the last 12 years. [18]
The program is primarily divided for different types of candidates into 3 streams, with each stream subdivided into categories, each with their own sets of eligibility criteria: [16]
In addition, there are federal standards for immigration that can make a person inadmissible for reasons such as posing a security threat, having a history of criminal behaviour, or having a medical condition that poses a threat to public safety. [23]
Application procedure for the Manitoba Provincial Nominee Program varies depending on the stream and program to which a person is applying. Generally, all streams follow a 3-step application process:
If an applicant's federal application is approved, they are granted Canadian permanent resident status for themselves and any accompanying family members included on their application.
Manitoba regularly conducts Expression of Interest (EOI) draws to issue Letter of Advice to Apply (LOAA) to eligible candidates.
Draw # | Date | LOAA issued |
---|---|---|
96 | August 13, 2020 | 253 |
95 | July 30, 2020 | 199 |
94 | July 16, 2020 | 174 |
93 | July 2, 2020 | 125 |
92 | June 19, 2020 | 181 |
91 | June 4, 2020 | 124 |
90 | May 21, 2020 | 99 |
89 | May 7, 2020 | 123 |
88 | April 23, 2020 | 123 |
87 | April 9, 2020 | 153 |
86 | March 26, 2020 | 226 |
85 | March 12, 2020 | 222 |
84 | February 27, 2020 | 217 |
83 | February 13, 2020 | 242 |
82 | January 30, 2020 | 181 |
81 | January 17, 2020 | 249 |
80 | January 2, 2020 | 186 |
The Northwest Territories Nominee Program (NTNP) provides opportunities to immigrate to the Northwest Territories through the following two streams: [31] [32]
The Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP) provides opportunities for foreign workers, international students, business owners, and entrepreneurs to apply for permanent residency in Ontario, as well as enabling Ontario businesses to recruit international talent. It is facilitated by the provincial government's Ministry of Labour, Training and Skills Development, and is regulated by: Ontario Immigration Act, 2015, Ontario Regulation 421/17, and Ontario Regulation 422/17. [35]
The OINP offers 3 categories for people to qualify for a nomination: [35]
The Saskatchewan Immigrant Nominee Program (SINP) has 4 categories for immigrating to Saskatchewan: [36]
The Yukon Nominee Program (YNP) is an economic-based immigration program for the Yukon, administered by the territorial government’s Department of Economic Development (Immigration Unit) in partnership with IRCC under the Agreement for Canada-Yukon Co-operation on Immigration. [37]
The YNP offers three streams for foreign workers:
The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to Canada.
The Christian Heritage Party of Canada, also referred to as CHP Canada, is a minor social conservative and Christian right federal political party in Canada; it was founded in 1987, the brainchild of two couples in British Columbia, namely Bill and Heather Stilwell who were Roman Catholics and Ed Vanwoudenberg and his wife, Reformed Protestants. CHP advocates for Canada to be governed according to Christian principles and ethics. The party's stated principle is that "the purpose of civil government is to ensure security, freedom, and justice for all its citizens from conception till natural death, by upholding just laws". CHP states that, if the party forms government, it hopes to "apply proven Judeo-Christian principles of justice and compassion to Canada's contemporary public policy needs".
In Canada, temporary residency applies to those who are not Canadian citizens but are legally in Canada for a temporary purpose, including international students, foreign workers, and tourists.
Ukrainian Canadians are Canadian citizens of Ukrainian descent or Ukrainian-born people who immigrated to Canada.
In Canada, the Regional Development Agencies (RDA) are the seven federal government agencies responsible for addressing key economic challenges and furthering economic development, diversification, and job creation specific to their respective regions.
The Ontario Student Assistance Program (OSAP) is a provincial financial aid program that offers grants and loans to help Ontario students pay for their post-secondary education. OSAP determines the amount of money that a student is eligible to receive by considering factors such as tuition, course load, and the financial resources of the student. More than 380,000 students – more than half of all full-time students – received student financial aid in 2014-15.
A skilled worker is any worker who has special skill, training, knowledge which they can then apply to their work. A skilled worker may have learned their skills through work experience, on-the-job training, an apprenticeship program or formal education. These skills often lead to better outcomes economically. The definition of a skilled worker has seen change throughout the 20th century, largely due to the industrial impact of the Great Depression and World War II. Further changes in globalisation have seen this definition shift further in Western countries, with many jobs moving from manufacturing based sectors to more advanced technical and service based roles. Examples of formally educated skilled labor include engineers, scientists, doctors and teachers, while examples of less formally educated workers include crane operators, CDL truck drivers, machinists, drafters, plumbers, craftsmen, cooks and bookkeepers.
The E-3 visa is a United States visa for which only citizens of Australia are eligible. It was created by an Act of the United States Congress as a result of the Australia–United States Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA), although it is not formally a part of the AUSFTA. The legislation creating the E-3 visa was signed into law by U.S. President George W. Bush on May 11, 2005. It is widely believed to have grown out of the negotiation of a trade deal between the US and Australia.
According to the 2021 Canadian census, immigrants in Canada number 8.3 million persons and make up approximately 23 percent of Canada's total population. This represents the eighth-largest immigrant population in the world, while the proportion represents one of the highest ratios for industrialized Western countries.
Government sponsored Student Loans in Canada was designed to help post-secondary students pay for their education in Canada. The federal government funds the Canada Student Loan Program (CSLP) and the provinces may fund their own programs or be integrated with the CSLP. In addition, Canadian banks offer commercial loans targeted for students in professional programs.
The Western Canada Summer Games (WCSG) were established in 1975 as a multi-sport event to provide development opportunities for amateur athletes and to help them advance their skills in a competitive, but friendly environment. Athletes range in age between 13 years of age and 23 years of age.
John Yap is a Canadian politician and former banker. He represented the electoral district of Richmond-Steveston in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 2005 to 2020, as part of the BC Liberal caucus. During his time in government, he served as Minister of State for Climate Action, Minister Responsible for Multiculturalism, and Minister of Advanced Education, Innovation and Technology in the cabinets of premiers Gordon Campbell and Christy Clark.
Higher education in Canada includes provincial, territorial, Indigenous and military higher education systems. The ideal objective of Canadian higher education is to offer every Canadian the opportunity to acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to realize their utmost potential. It aspires to cultivate a world-class workforce, enhance the employment rate of Canadians, and safeguard Canada's enduring prosperity. Higher education programs are intricately designed with the perspective of the learner in focus, striving to mitigate risks and assure definite outcomes.
The Canadian English Language Proficiency Index Program, or CELPIP, is an English language assessment tool which measures listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills. The test is administered by Paragon Testing Enterprises., a subsidiary of the University of British Columbia (UBC). Paragon is the only Canadian company delivering Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) designated English proficiency tests. The CELPIP test is offered in two versions, CELPIP-General, and CELPIP-General LS.
The Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013 was a proposed immigration reform bill introduced by Sen. Charles Schumer (D-NY) in the United States Senate. The bill was co-sponsored by the other seven members of the "Gang of Eight", a bipartisan group of U.S. Senators who wrote and negotiated the bill. It was introduced in the Senate on April 16, 2013, during the 113th United States Congress.
The Community Futures Network of Canada is an extensive network of 269 community futures development corporations. The national Community Futures Program is administered by four regional development agencies, the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA), Canadian Economic Development for Québec Regions (CED-Q), Western Economic Diversification Canada (WD), and the Federal Economic Development Initiative for Northern Ontario (FedNor) under Industry Canada (IC). In Western Canada the Community Futures Program is delivered through a network of 90 non-profit organizations that are supported by four associations and one Pan-West Community Futures Network.
The Canada Job Grant is a skill and trade training program established by the Government of Canada subsequent to the passage of the 2013 federal budget. It will be funded by the Canada Job Fund, a fund transfer from the federal government to provincial and territorial governments, which will be responsible for implementing the program. It will enable individuals to receive up to CA$15,000 in training services, funded by the federal government and the individual's employer.
Express Entry is a system used by the Canadian government to manage Canadian permanent residence applications for filling labour gaps through certain economic immigration programs. Launched on 1 January 2015, this immigration system is used to select and communicate with skilled and qualified applicants, it also manages a pool of immigration ready skilled workers. Express Entry is designed to facilitate express immigration of skilled workers to Canada "who are most likely to succeed economically." The system is identified to be efficient in processing times, with 80% of applications processed in 6 months or less compared to an existing one.
Canada is a popular destination for international students across all levels of its education system, with the country ranking fourth in terms of international student enrollment as of 2019, following the United States, United Kingdom, and China. In as early as 1959, Canada's then-monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, said on Dominion Day, in reference to cooperation and mutual help, "one instance of this is the number of students from India, and Pakistan, and the West Indies who found places in Canadian universities. This is an admirable plan and I hope that it spreads [...] If any of these students are listening to me, which perhaps they are, I congratulate them on the hard work and enterprise which has sent them here and send them my very good wishes." The provision of international student education is considered to have non-monetary benefits, such as reducing xenophobia and cultural stereotyping by encouraging diversity, nurturing international goodwill and global civility, fostering intercultural and social connections among faculty and students, and promoting greater engagement in teaching and collaborative research initiatives.
Immigration policies of the United Kingdom are the areas of modern British policy concerned with the immigration system of the United Kingdom—primarily, who has the right to visit or stay in the UK. British immigration policy is under the purview of UK Visas and Immigration.
British Columbia