Pupilloidea | |
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A live Vallonia pulchella (Valloniidae) | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Subcohort: | Panpulmonata |
Superorder: | Eupulmonata |
Order: | Stylommatophora |
Suborder: | Helicina |
Infraorder: | Pupilloidei |
Superfamily: | Pupilloidea Turton, 1831 |
Families | |
See text | |
Synonyms | |
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Pupilloidea is a superfamily of small and very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropods in the infraorder Pupilloidei . [1] They are diverse in morphology, habitat, and ecological roles.
They are characterized by their small, often cylindrical, ovate, or elongate shells. Their shells can range from smooth to ribbed or striated. They are generally tiny, ranging from a few millimeters to about a centimeter in length. The aperture often has denticles (teeth) or lamellae, which may play roles in predator deterrence or structural support. The margin of the aperture often features a well-defined peristome, sometimes thickened or reflected.
Species in this superfamily are cosmopolitan, found on every continent except Antarctica. They can be found in dry and arid regions to temperate forests and even tropical zones.
This superfamily contains the following families: [1]
Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includes many land and freshwater families, and several marine families.
Stylommatophora is an order of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This taxon includes most land snails and slugs. Stylommatophorans lack an operculum, but some close their shell apertures with temporary "operculum" (epiphragm) made of calcified mucus. They have two pairs of retractile tentacles, the upper pair of which bears eyes on the tentacle tips. All stylommatophorans are hermaphrodites.
Neritoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of mostly sea snails, nerites and their allies, marine gastropod mollusks in the order Cycloneritida.
Vertiginidae, common name the whorl snails, is a family of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Pupillidae is a family of mostly minute, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Acanthinula is a genus of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Valloniidae.
Valloniidae is a taxonomic family of small and minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Amastridae is a taxonomic family of small, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Tornidae is a family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Littorinimorpha. This family used to be known as the Vitrinellidae. Iredale has shown that the family Adeorbidae Monterosato, 1884 should be called Tornidae
Orculidae is a family of mostly minute, air-breathing, land snails; terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Sphyradium is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Orculidae within the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Eucyclidae is a family of gastropods in the superfamily Seguenzioidea.
Pupinidae is a taxonomic family of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cyclophoroidea.
Pyramidulidae is a family of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Strobilopsidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Orthurethra is a clade of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora.
Gastrocoptidae is a family of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
The Pupilloideiis an taxonomic infraorder of air-breathing land snails, semislugs and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the suborder Helicina.
Fauxulidae is a family of gastropods belonging to the superfamily Pupilloidea of the order Stylommatophora.
Pagodulinidae is a family of gastropods belonging to the superfamily Pupilloidea.