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San Marino has recognized civil unions for both same-sex and opposite-sex couples since 5 December 2018. The law to permit civil unions became fully operational on 11 February 2019, following a number of further legal and administrative changes.
On 17 June 2012, the Grand and General Council passed a bill to allow foreign nationals in same-sex relationships with San Marino citizens to remain in the country legally. The bill stops short of giving any rights to these couples (apart from immigration) but was regardless hailed as a "historic step forward". Michele Pazzini, secretary of a San Marino LGBT association, said: "This is a little step towards the full recognition of same-sex couples." The bill was passed 33 to 20. [1]
In March 2016, three political parties announced their intention to introduce separate bills to Parliament to create a new gender-neutral partnership law that would expand the rights of all unmarried cohabiting couples. The largest party, San Marino Common Good, ruled out adoption rights for same-sex couples, while an opposition party included adoption in their draft. The center-left coalition partner, United Left, said that it was open to the idea of same-sex parenting and may bring the issue of stepchild adoption to a fourth proposal. [2]
In December 2017, after winning the November 2016 election, the center-left coalition (consisting of United Left, Future Republic and Civic 10) vowed to pass a civil union bill. [3] A popular initiative to legalise civil unions (Italian : unione civile, pronounced [uˈnjoːnetʃiˈviːle] ); Romagnol : ugnôn zivìla, pronounced [uˈɲoə̯nθiˈvilɐ] ) was introduced to the Grand and General Council on 18 December 2017, and passed its first reading on 7 March 2018. [4] [5] Under the proposed law, civil partners would be granted health care benefits, pension rights and enjoy the same residency rights as married couples, among many other rights and benefits. The proposal was praised for going further than the Italian civil union law, approved in 2016, as it would allow for stepchild adoption. Additionally, children born during the civil union would be legally recognised as the children of both parents, and children born abroad would also be recognised. [6] A public consultation took place on 6 April 2018. [7] The government indicated that it would try to have the bill passed "as soon as possible". [8] On 27 September 2018, the Council Committee for Constitutional Affairs approved the bill by a 12–2 vote with some amendments; while now allowing for public ceremonies, the Committee conferred to the unions only a limited set of rights pertaining to marriage (residency, citizenship, pension rights, health care, succession rights, and stepchild adoption rights). [9]
On 15 November 2018, the Grand and General Council approved the bill at final reading by 40 votes to 4 with 4 abstentions. [10] [11] The law was published in the Official Bulletin of the Republic of San Marino on 20 November 2018 and entered into force on 5 December 2018. [12] However, the bill required a delegated decree adding the necessary legal basis and a series of administrative adjustments to be adopted by the Congress of State before implementation. Director of the Civil Status Lorella Stefanelli said that February 2019 was a likely date for commencement. [13] In February 2019, Guerrino Zanotti, the Secretary of State for Internal Affairs, said the delegated decree would be adopted by the Congress of State within the next few days, allowing the Civil Status to implement the new law. The decree was ratified on 11 February 2019. [14] [15] The first civil union in San Marino took place on 25 February 2019 between Emanuele Leuzzi and Marco Cervellini. [16] [17]
A law which came into effect on 24 June 2021 further expanded the rights and benefits of civil partners. However, same-sex couples are still not permitted to adopt. [18]
In 2019, 36 civil unions were performed in San Marino, of which 13 were between same-sex couples. [19]
In April 2014, a Sammarinese man, who had married his partner in the United Kingdom, filed a petition to start a debate on the recognition of foreign same-sex marriages in San Marino. [20] On 19 September 2014, Parliament debated and rejected the proposed changes on a vote of 35–15. [21] On 8 April 2015, the same man attempted to register his marriage in the country, but was not successful. [22] In December 2017, the Parliament approved an amendment to a proposed 2018 budget law that would have allowed same-sex marriages for foreigners in San Marino, by 25 votes to 20. However, the government did not then draft the required legislation to implement the amendment. [23] [24]
At San Marino's third Universal Periodic Review in November 2019, the Netherlands recommended that the government legalize same-sex marriage. The government "noted" (rejected) this recommendation. [25]
A 2016 survey by La Tribuna Sammarinese found that 78% of Sammarinese were in favour of same-sex civil unions. [26]
San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino, is a European microstate and enclave within Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, it is the fifth-smallest country in the world, with a land area of just over 61 km2 and a population of 33,660 as of 2022.
The Republic of San Marino's public transport network consists of a local bus network and the Funivia di San Marino, an aerial cablecar system between Borgo Maggiore and the City of San Marino. Both means are operated by the Azienda Autonoma di Stato per i Servizi Pubblici, the Sammarinese state company for public transport.
A civil union is a legally recognized arrangement similar to marriage, created primarily as a means to provide recognition in law for same-sex couples. Civil unions grant some or all of the rights of marriage.
Same-sex adoption is the adoption of children by same-sex couples. It may take the form of a joint adoption by the couple, or of the adoption by one partner of the other's biological child.
Italy has recognised same-sex civil unions since 5 June 2016, providing same-sex couples with all of the legal protections enjoyed by opposite-sex married couples, excluding joint adoption rights. A bill to allow such unions, as well as gender-neutral registered partnerships, was approved by the Senate on 25 February 2016 and the Chamber of Deputies on 11 May and signed into law by the Italian President on 20 May of the same year. The law was published in the official gazette the next day and took effect on 5 June 2016. Before this, several regions had supported a national law on civil unions and some municipalities passed laws providing for civil unions, though the rights conferred by these civil unions varied from place to place.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in Italy significantly advanced in the 21st century, although LGBT people still face various challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents, despite public opinion being increasingly liberal and in favor of LGBT rights. According to ILGA-Europe's 2021 report, the status of LGBT rights in Italy is below the standards of other Western European countries – such as still not recognizing same-sex marriage, lacking nationwide discrimination protections for goods and services, as well as not granting to same-sex couples parental rights, such as adoption and IVF. Italy and Japan are the only G7 nations where same-sex marriages are not permitted.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in San Marino may face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Both male and female same-sex sexual activity are legal in San Marino, but households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for the same legal protections available to opposite-sex couples.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights are widely diverse in Europe per country. 21 of the 36 countries that have legalised same-sex marriage worldwide are situated in Europe. A further 11 European countries have legalised civil unions or other forms of more limited recognition for same-sex couples.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to San Marino:
This page list topics related to San Marino.
Debate has occurred throughout Europe over proposals to legalise same-sex marriage as well as same-sex civil unions. Currently 33 of the 50 countries and the 8 dependent territories in Europe recognise some type of same-sex union, among them most members of the European Union (24/27). Nearly 43% of the European population lives in jurisdictions where same-sex marriage is legal.
Same-sex marriage is legal in the following countries: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Uruguay.
Maria Elisabetta Alberti, known by her married name as Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati, is an Italian lawyer and politician, serving as Minister fo Institutional Reforms since 2022. She was President of the Italian Senate from 2018 to 2022. She was the first woman ever to have held this position. Casellati is a long-time member of the liberal-conservative party Forza Italia and served as Undersecretary of Health and Justice in previous governments. In 2022, she was nominated as candidate for President of Italy by the centre-right coalition.
Torraccia Airfield, also known as Toraccia Helipad and Airfield or Toraccia Airport, is a small general aviation aerodrome in Torraccia, a village east of the castello of Domagnano, Republic of San Marino, less than 200 metres from the Italian border.
Abortion in San Marino is legal in the first 12 weeks of gestation for any reason. It is also legal until fetal viability if the pregnancy poses a risk to the woman's life, if the fetus has an anomaly that poses a risk to the woman's health, or if the pregnancy is the result of rape of incest. In case of risk to the woman's life after fetal viability, the pregnancy may also be interrupted by attempting a live birth.
The COVID-19 pandemic in San Marino was a part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to have reached San Marino in February 2020.
Francesco is a 2020 American documentary film, directed and produced by Evgeny Afineevsky. It describes the life and teaching of Pope Francis.
A referendum on the legality of abortion was held in San Marino on 26 September 2021. The result was an overwhelming vote in favour of legalisation.
San Marino participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022 in Turin, Italy, with the song "Stripper" performed by Achille Lauro. The Sammarinese broadcaster, San Marino RTV (SMRTV), organised a new national final concept entitled Una voce per San Marino to decide their representative. The event consisted of 299 emerging and nine established artists competing over a three month period from December 2021 through February 2022 for the opportunity to represent the nation at the contest. The winning entry "Stripper" was written by Lauro, Daniele Dezi, Daniele Mungai, Davide Petrella, Federico De Marinis, Francesco Viscovo, Gregorio Calculli, Marco Lanciotti, Matteo Ciceroni, Mattia Cutolo and Simon Pietro Manzari.
The 2022–23 Coppa Titano is the sixty-fifth edition of the football competition in San Marino. The winners of the cup will qualify for a place in the 2023–24 UEFA Europa Conference League.
