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San Marino has recognized civil unions for both same-sex and opposite-sex couples since 5 December 2018. The law to permit civil unions became fully operational on 11 February 2019, following a number of further legal and administrative changes.
On 17 June 2012, the Grand and General Council passed a bill to allow foreign nationals in same-sex relationships with San Marino citizens to remain in the country legally. The bill did not provide any other rights to these couples, but was hailed as a "historic step forward" by Michele Pazzini, the secretary of a San Marino LGBT association. Pazzini said: "This is a little step towards the full recognition of same-sex couples." The bill was passed 33 to 20. [1]
In March 2016, three political parties announced their intention to introduce separate bills to Parliament to create a new gender-neutral partnership law that would expand the rights of all unmarried cohabiting couples. The largest party, San Marino Common Good, ruled out adoption rights for same-sex couples, while an opposition party included adoption in its draft. The center-left coalition partner, United Left, said that it was open to the idea of same-sex parenting and may bring the issue of stepchild adoption to a fourth proposal. [2]
In December 2017, after winning the November 2016 election, the center-left coalition (consisting of United Left, Future Republic and Civic 10) vowed to pass a civil union bill. [3] A popular initiative to legalise civil unions (Italian : unione civile, pronounced [uˈnjoːnetʃiˈviːle] ; Romagnol : ugnôn zivìla, pronounced [uˈɲoːŋθiˈviːlɐ] ) was introduced to the Grand and General Council on 18 December 2017, and passed its first reading on 7 March 2018. [4] [5] Under the proposed law, civil partners would be granted health care benefits, pension rights and enjoy the same residency rights as married couples, among other rights and benefits. The proposal was praised for going further than the Italian civil union law, approved in 2016, as it would allow for stepchild adoption. Additionally, children born during the civil union would be legally recognised as the children of both parents, and children born abroad would also be recognised. [6] A public consultation took place on 6 April 2018. [7] The government indicated that it would try to have the bill passed "as soon as possible". [8] On 27 September 2018, the Council Committee for Constitutional Affairs approved the bill by a 12–2 vote with some amendments; while now allowing for public ceremonies, the Committee conferred to the unions only a limited set of rights pertaining to marriage (residency, citizenship, pension rights, health care, succession rights, and stepchild adoption rights). [9]
On 15 November 2018, the Grand and General Council approved the bill at final reading by 40 votes to 4 with 4 abstentions. [10] [11] The law was published in the Official Bulletin of the Republic of San Marino on 20 November 2018 and entered into force on 5 December 2018. [12] However, the bill required a delegated decree adding the necessary legal basis and a series of administrative adjustments to be adopted by the Congress of State before implementation. Director of the Civil Status Lorella Stefanelli said that February 2019 was a likely date for commencement. [13] In February 2019, Guerrino Zanotti, the Secretary of State for Internal Affairs, said the delegated decree would be adopted by the Congress of State within the next few days, allowing the Civil Status to implement the new law. The decree was ratified on 11 February 2019. [14] [15] The first civil union in San Marino took place on 25 February 2019 between Emanuele Leuzzi and Marco Cervellini at the Civil Registry Office in Valdragone, Borgo Maggiore. [16] [17]
A law which came into effect on 24 June 2021 further expanded the rights and benefits of civil partners. However, same-sex couples are still not permitted to adopt. [18]
In 2019, 36 civil unions were performed in San Marino, of which 13 were between same-sex couples. [19]
In April 2014, a Sammarinese man, who had married his partner in the United Kingdom, filed a petition to start a debate on the recognition of foreign same-sex marriages in San Marino. [20] On 19 September 2014, Parliament debated and rejected the proposed changes on a vote of 35–15. [21] On 8 April 2015, the same man attempted to register his marriage in the country, but was not successful. [22] In December 2017, the Parliament approved an amendment to a proposed 2018 budget law that would have allowed same-sex marriages for foreigners in San Marino, by 25 votes to 20. However, the government did not then draft the required legislation to implement the amendment. [23] [24]
At San Marino's third Universal Periodic Review in November 2019, the Netherlands recommended that the government legalize same-sex marriage. The government "noted" (rejected) this recommendation. [25]
The Union of Methodist and Waldensian Churches, which serves the small Protestant minority in San Marino, was the first Christian denomination to authorise the blessing of same-sex couples in 2010. [26] The Catholic Church opposes same-sex marriage and does not allow its priests to officiate at such marriages. In December 2023, the Holy See published Fiducia supplicans , a declaration allowing Catholic priests to bless couples who are not considered to be married according to church teaching, including the blessing of same-sex couples. [27]
A 2016 survey by La Tribuna Sammarinese found that 78% of Sammarinese were in favour of same-sex civil unions. [28]
San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino, is a European microstate surrounded by Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, it is the fifth-smallest country in the world, with a land area of just over 61 km2 and a population of 33,642, as of 2023.
The Republic of San Marino's public transport network consists of a local bus network and the Funivia di San Marino, an aerial cablecar system between Borgo Maggiore and the City of San Marino. Both means are operated by the Azienda Autonoma di Stato per i Servizi Pubblici, the Sammarinese state company for public transport.
A civil union is a legally recognized arrangement similar to marriage, created primarily as a means to provide recognition in law for same-sex couples. Civil unions grant some or all of the rights of marriage.
Same-sex adoption is the adoption of children by same-sex couples. It may take the form of a joint adoption by the couple, or of the adoption by one partner of the other's biological child.
Italy has recognised civil unions since 5 June 2016, providing same-sex couples with most of the legal protections, benefits and rights of marriage. A bill to this effect was approved by the Senate on 25 February 2016 and by the Chamber of Deputies on 11 May. It was signed into law by President Sergio Mattarella on 20 May, published in the Gazzetta Ufficiale the next day and took effect on 5 June 2016. The law does not grant same-sex couples joint adoption rights or access to in vitro fertilisation. Before this, several regions had supported a national law on civil unions and some municipalities passed laws providing for civil unions, though the rights conferred by these unions varied from place to place.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) rights in Italy significantly advanced in the 21st century, although LGBTQ people still face various challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents, despite public opinion being increasingly liberal and in favor of LGBT rights. According to ILGA-Europe's 2021 report, the status of LGBT rights in Italy is below the standards of other Western European countries – such as still not recognizing same-sex marriage, lacking nationwide discrimination protections for goods and services, as well as not granting to same-sex couples full parental rights, such as joint adoption and IVF. Italy and Japan are the only G7 nations where same-sex marriages are not recognized.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in San Marino may face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Both male and female same-sex sexual activity are legal in San Marino, but households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for the same legal protections available to opposite-sex couples.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) rights are widely diverse in Europe per country. 22 of the 38 countries that have legalised same-sex marriage worldwide are situated in Europe. A further 11 European countries have legalised civil unions or other forms of recognition for same-sex couples.
Tourism in San Marino, known also as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino is an integral element of the economy within the microstate. The tourism sector contributes a large part of San Marino's GDP, with approximately 2 million tourists visiting per year.
This page list topics related to San Marino.
Debate has occurred throughout Europe over proposals to legalise same-sex marriage as well as same-sex civil unions. Currently 33 of the 50 countries and the 8 dependent territories in Europe recognise some type of same-sex union, among them most members of the European Union (24/27). Nearly 43% of the European population lives in jurisdictions where same-sex marriage is legal.
Antonella Mularoni is a Sammarinese jurist and politician who served as Captain Regent of San Marino from April 2013 to October 2013, alongside Denis Amici. Mularoni was the Secretary for Foreign Affairs from 2008 to 2012 and also served as the Sammarinese judge for the European Court of Human Rights between 2001 and 2008.
Maria Elisabetta Alberti, known by her married name as Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati, is an Italian lawyer and politician, serving as Minister for Institutional Reforms since 2022. She was President of the Italian Senate from 2018 to 2022. She was the first woman ever to have held this position. Casellati is a long-time member of the liberal-conservative party Forza Italia and served as Undersecretary of Health and Justice in previous governments. In 2022, she was nominated as candidate for President of Italy by the centre-right coalition.
Torraccia Airfield, also known as Toraccia Helipad and Airfield or Toraccia Airport, is a small general aviation aerodrome in Torraccia, a village east of the castello of Domagnano, Republic of San Marino, less than 200 metres from the Italian border.
Abortion in San Marino is legal in the first 12 weeks of gestation for any reason. It is also legal until fetal viability if the pregnancy poses a risk to the woman's life, if the fetus has an anomaly that poses a risk to the woman's health, or if the pregnancy is the result of rape or incest. In case of risk to the woman's life after fetal viability, the pregnancy may also be interrupted by attempting a live birth.
Luca Antonini is an Italian lawyer, jurist, and constitutional law professor at the University of Padua. He is Judge of the Constitutional Court of Italy since 26 July 2018.
The COVID-19 pandemic in San Marino was a part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to have reached San Marino in February 2020.
Francesco is a 2020 American documentary film, directed and produced by Evgeny Afineevsky. It describes the life and teaching of Pope Francis.
A referendum on the legality of abortion was held in San Marino on 26 September 2021. The result was an overwhelming vote in favour of legalisation.
The 2022–23 Coppa Titano is the sixty-fifth edition of the football competition in San Marino. The winners of the cup will qualify for a place in the 2023–24 UEFA Europa Conference League.
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