Ribes divaricatum

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Ribes divaricatum
Ribes divaricatum 5391.JPG
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Saxifragales
Family: Grossulariaceae
Genus: Ribes
Species:
R. divaricatum
Binomial name
Ribes divaricatum
Synonyms [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
List
  • Ribes divaricatum var. douglasii Jancz.
  • Ribes divaricatum var. glabriflorumKoehne in Koehne
  • Ribes divaricatum var. rigidum M.Peck
  • Grossularia divaricata Coville & Britton
  • Ribes parishiiA.Heller
  • Ribes divaricatum subsp. parishii(A.Heller) A.E.Murray
  • Ribes divaricatum var. montanum Jancz.

Ribes divaricatum is a species in the genus Ribes found in the forests, woodlands, and coastal scrub of western North America from British Columbia to California. [10] [11] The three accepted varieties have various common names which include the word "gooseberry". Other common names include coast black gooseberry, wild gooseberry, [12] Worcesterberry, [13] or spreading-branched gooseberry. [13]

Contents

Description

Ribes divaricatum is a shrub sometimes reaching 3 metres (10 feet) in height with woody branches with one to three thick brown spines at leaf nodes. The leaves are borne on petioles, up to 6 centimetres (2+1⁄4 inches) long[ citation needed ] and 2.5–6.5 cm (1–2+1⁄2 in) wide. [14] They are generally palmate in shape, 3–5 lobed and edged with teeth. [14]

The inflorescence is a small cluster of hanging flowers, each with reflexed purple-tinted green sepals and smaller, white [14] to red petals encircling long, protruding stamens. The fruit is a sweet-tasting purplish-black berry [14] up to 1 cm (1⁄2 in) wide.

Similar species

It is similar to Ribes lacustre and R. lobbii , but the former has smaller, reddish to maroon flowers and the latter has reddish flowers that resemble those of fuchsias and sticky leaves. [15]

Taxonomy

Varieties [2] [16]

Uses

The berries are ripe when black and edible. [22]

The fruit was food for a number of Native American groups of the Pacific Northwest, and other parts of the plant, especially the bark, was used for medicinal purposes. [23]

References

  1. 1 2  The original description of this species was published in Transactions, of the Horticultural Society of London, 7: 515. 1830. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum". IPNI . Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  2. 1 2 USDA PLANTS, name search: Ribes divaricatum
  3. ↑  Ribes divaricatum var. douglasii was published in Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève. 35: 391. 1907. Geneva & Paris. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. douglasii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  4. ↑  Grossularia divaricata was published in North American Flora xxii. 224 (1908). New York Botanical Garden. "Plant Name Details for Grossularia divaricata". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  5. ↑  R. d. var. glabriflorum was published in Deutsche Dendrologie. 200. 1893. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. glabriflorum". IPNI . Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  6. ↑  R. d. var. rigidum was published in Leaflets of Western Botany 7: 182. 1954. San Francisco, California. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. rigidum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  7. ↑  R. parishii was published in Muhlenbergia; a Journal of Botany. 1: 134. 1904. Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and Los Gatos, California. "Plant Name Details for Ribes parishii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  8. ↑  R. d. ssp. parishii was published in Kalmia; Botanic Journal. 12: 24 (1982). Levittown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum ssp. parishii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  9. ↑  R. d. var. montanum was published in Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève. 35: 391. 1907. Geneva & Paris. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. montanum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  10. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  11. ↑ Calflora taxon report, University of California, Ribes divaricatum Douglas spreading gooseberry
  12. ↑ "Ribes divaricatum". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  13. 1 2 "Ribes divaricatum". RHS Plants. Royal Horticultural Society . Retrieved 2014-11-04.
  14. 1 2 3 4 Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 203. ISBN   978-1-60469-263-1.
  15. ↑ Flora of North America, Ribes divaricatum Douglas, 1830. Straggly gooseberry
  16. ↑ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum (spreading gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS . Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  17. ↑ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum var. divaricatum (spreading gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  18. ↑ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum var. parishii (Parish's gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  19. ↑  R. d. var. parishii was published in A Flora of California. 2: 151. 1936. Berkeley, London, San Francisco. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. parishii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  20. ↑ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum var. pubiflorum (straggly gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  21. ↑  R. d. var. pubiflorum was published in Deutsche Dendrologie. 200. 1893. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. pubiflorum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  22. ↑ Thompson, Anthony Keith (2014-10-03). Fruit and Vegetables: Harvesting, Handling and Storage. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN   9781118654019.
  23. ↑ Dan Moerman. "Search for Ribes divaricatum". Native American Ethnobotany Database. Dearborn, Michigan: University of Michigan . Retrieved August 2, 2010.
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