Piacenza was originally a suffragan (subordinate, as part of the ecclesiastical province) of Milan. Bishop Majorianus was one of the bishops who attended the synod of Milan called by Archbishop Eusebius in 451. Piacenza was certainly suffragan to Ravenna by the time of the Roman synod of 680.[1]
On 21 October 1106, Pope Paschal II, at the Council of Guastalla, removed the dioceses of Emilia from the metropolitanate of Ravenna, and made them directly dependent upon the Holy See (papacy). This action was in punishment for the schism carried on by Archbishop Wibert of Ravenna (Antipope Clement III), in concert with the Emperor Henry IV.[2] On 7 August 1118, Pope Gelasius II withdrew Pope Paschal's order, and returned the dioceses to the metropolitanate of Ravenna;[3] his decision was confirmed by Pope Calixtus II in 1121, and in 1125 by Pope Honorius II.[4] Bishop Arduinus of Piacenza (1119?–1147), however, resisted efforts of the popes and the Archbishop of Ravenna to return his diocese to suffragan status.[5] On 29 March 1148, Pope Eugene III wrote to Archbishop Moyses of Ravenna that he had approved the election of Bishop Joannes of Piacenza. On 9 November 1148, however, he wrote to Bishop-elect Joannes, ordering him to have himself consecrated by the Archbishop of Ravenna. After resisting for more than two years, Giovanni finally submitted to the Pope's order, and was consecrated by the Archbishop of Ravenna on 3 July 1151.[6]
The people of Piacenza did not let the matter rest. They solicited the intervention of Abbot Peter the Venerable of Cluny, informing him of their point of view, that their metropolitan was the pope, not the Archbishops of Aquileia or Ravenna. They noted that Urban II and Calixtus II had consecrated their bishops.[7] In 1155, with a new Pope, Adrian IV and a new bishop of Piacenza, Ugo Pierleoni, the matter was raised again, and Adrian issued a bull exempting Bishop Ugo from subjection to Ravenna, while at the same time claiming an inability to decide the issue between Ravenna and Piacenza.[8] In March 1179, Bishop Tedaldo was present at the Third Lateran Council in Rome, and he subscribed along with the bishops directly dependent upon the Holy See (papacy), not with the suffragans of Ravenna.[9]
In 1582 the diocese of Bologna was raised to the status of a metropolitan archbishopric. Piacenza was made a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Bologna by Pope Gregory XIII in the bull Universi orbis of 10 December 1582.[10]
In 1806, in accordance with faculties specially granted to him by Pope Pius VII on 5 April 1806, Cardinal Giovanni Battista Caprara removed the dioceses of Piacenza, San Donnino, and Parma from the jurisdiction of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Bologna, and attached them to the Archdiocese of Genoa. On 30 March 1818, Pope Pius VII removed the same three dioceses from the jurisdiction of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Genoa, and made them directly dependent upon the Holy See.[11]
This section needs expansionwith: some history of the diocese. You can help by adding to it. (September 2016)
An early martyr, St. Antonius (or Antoninus, as the diocese prefers), is said to have belonged to the Theban Legion, and to have suffered martyrdom at Piacenza in the second or third century. He has no "Passion", however, and the ninth century document that makes him a member of the Theban legion is pieno di favole ('full of fables').[14]
The Lombards took possession of Piacenza at the beginning of their invasion and thereafter it remained in their power.
Bishop Soffredus
In 865, after twenty-five years of service in Piacenza, Bishop Soffredus (Seufredus) found himself driven from his office by the treachery of his own nephew, the deacon Paulus. Eager for power, Paulus usurped the episcopal seat, and styled himself Paulus vocatus Episcopus sanctae Placentinae ecclesiae.[15]Pope Nicholas I immediately wrote to the Emperor Louis II, demanding to know whether there was any crime charged against Soffredus, or any incapacity, that made his removal necessary; and pointing out that such problems were normally directed to the metropolitan, or if they were serious enough, to the pope himself. Pope Nicholas then ordered the Emperor to restore Soffredus to his episcopal seat.[16] At the same time, through his legates, Pope Nicholas had Soffredus restored to his seat.[17] Paulus was forbidden to attempt such a thing ever again, or to seek the bishopric. Nonetheless, on the death of Soffredus in 870, Paulus, who had evidently been restored to favor and was serving as Archdeacon of Piacenza, was elected bishop in his place.[18]
The temporal power was in the hands of the bishops from the ninth century until the twelfth century, when the town became a commune governed by consuls and later (1188) by a podestà.
The Bishop of Piacenza was first referred to as bishop and count in 1065.[19]
Bishop Sigulf
During the last six years of his administration, Bishop Sigulfus (951–988) enjoyed the services of a coadjutor-bishop, Johannes Philagathos, who, thanks to the patronage of the Empress Theophano, was also Abbot of the Monastery of Nonantola and tutor of the child who would become the Emperor Otto III. When Sigulfus died, Joannes began to sign himself Archiepiscopus Sancte Placentine Ecclesie.[20] The diocese of Piacenza had been detached from the ecclesiastical province of Ravenna, through the influence of the Regent Theophano and with the consent of Pope John XV, and erected into an archdiocese directly dependent upon the Papacy.[21] In 1095, the Archbishop and Archbishop Bernard of Würzburg were sent to Constantinople to attempt to arrange for the marriage of a Byzantine princess and the new Emperor Otto III. On their return Joannes was drawn into Roman politics by Crescentius II Nomentanus, who had just engineered a coup-d'état against Pope Gregory V. Archbishop Joannes found himself named pope (or rather antipope) in February or March 997, under the name John XVI. The Emperor, however, was not pleased that Pope Gregory V, his cousin Otto of Carinthia, had been expelled from Rome. He summoned a synod at Pavia, which anathematized Crescentius and John XVI.[22] Piacenza received a new bishop, the Benedictine Sigifredus. The title of archbishop was withdrawn, and the diocese of Piacenza was returned to the metropolitanate of Ravenna.[23] Its time as an independent archdiocese had lasted from 988 to 997.[24]
Pope Urban II
Pope Urban II visited Piacenza from 1 March to 5 April 1095, and held a synod there from 1–7 March. It is said that more than 4,000 clerics and 3,000 laypersons were present. Archbishop Hugh of Lyon was suspended from office because he was not in attendance and had offered no excuse. The Emperor Henry IV and his antipope Wibert of Ravenna (Clement III) were again excommunicated, and Wibert's bestowal of holy orders since his excommunication were annulled. The ambassador of the Emperor Alexios I Komnenos made another public appeal for assistance against the Muslims. Simony was again condemned, as was clerical concubinage. Berengar of Tours was condemned for his heretical views on the subject of transubstantiation. The dates for the observance of the Quattuor tempora were fixed.[25]
When Bishop Filippo Sega (1578–1596) was appointed Bishop of Piacenza, he was not even in Italy. He was in Spain, acting as Pope Gregory XIII's Nuncio to the court of King Philip II of Spain. He was already a bishop, the second Bishop of Ripatransone. He continued as Nuncio in Spain until the end of 1581, and did not enter Piacenza until the Spring of 1582.[27] After little more than a year in the diocese, he was again appointed papal Nuncio to Spain on 20 September 1583, and, due to a serious illness at the end of the mission, which incapacitated him for five months in Barcelona, he did not return to Piacenza until June 1584.[28]
A new pope, Sixtus V, who had heard of his reforming efforts in his diocese, summoned him to Rome and appointed him, on 24 April 1585, one of the Reformers of the clergy and clerical institutions of the city of Rome. His tenure was not long, however, for the Pope appointed him Nuncio to the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II in Vienna on 18 January 1586, a post which he held until 28 May 1587.[29] On his return, during his second period of residence, he further advanced the reforms mandated by the Council of Trent, and held a diocesan synod on 3–5 May 1589.[30]
He was summoned back to Rome following the assassination of Henry III of France on 3 August 1589, and was sent as Nuncio on Cardinal Enrico Caetani's legantine mission to France. He was made a cardinal in 1591 and replaced Caetani as Legate in 1592. He did not return to Italy until the summer of 1594, when he took up his duties at the Papal Curia in Rome.[31]
A beneficial side-effect of the Bishop's frequent absences was that Piacenza did not fall under subordination (suffragan status) to any of the neighboring metropolitanates. The Council of Trent had decreed that every bishop should attend regular provincial synods, and that those bishops who were directly dependent upon the Holy See (the pope) should choose a provincial synod to attend. Cardinal Carlo Borromeo of Milan was especially enthusiastic for Tridentine reform, and held frequent diocesan and provincial synods, inviting the bishops of Piacenza to the latter. They either attended under the stipulation that no suffragan status was implied or created,[32] or declined to appear. Borromeo even tried to get the Cathedral Chapter of Piacenza to send a delegation, but they too declined, on the grounds that cathedral chapters were not members of a provincial council. Sega, who was engaged in diplomatic activities, was unable to respond to an invitation (or a summons) to Borromeo's 5th (1579) or 6th (1582) synod; Borromeo had intended to hold a 7th in 1585, but he died in the meantime, and the matter lapsed. The 7th provincial synod of Milan finally took place in 1609, and Bishop Rangoni of Piacenza did not attend. The archbishop of Ravenna also tried to summon Piacenza, in 1582, and his effort too failed.[33]
Cathedral and Chapter
The construction of the original cathedral was attributed to Bishop Victor, the first bishop known by name, and was dedicated to Saint Antoninus. It was referred to as the Victorana Ecclesia.[34] A new building was constructed by Bishop Seufridus (839–870), and dedicated to the Virgin Mary and Saint Justina, possibly Justina of Padua or perhaps Justina of Antioch, both of whose stories are fictional. The second cathedral was completed by Bishop Paulus (870– c. 885), and some remains of Justina were given to the cathedral by Bishop Joannes Philagathos the Antipope John XVI (982–997). The cathedral was ruined in the great earthquake of 1117 and was completely rebuilt beginning in 1122.[35] It is claimed, in the Chronocle of Piacenza, that the cathedral was dedicated by Pope Calixtus II on 23 October 1123, but, as Paul Fridolin Kehr has pointed out, Calixtus visited Piacenza in April 1120, while on the alleged consecration day he was in Benevento.[36]
In 1747, the Chapter had six dignities (including the Archdeacon, the Provost, the Vicedominus, the Archpriest, the Dean, and the Primicerius) and thirty Canons.[37]
Synods
A diocesan synod was an irregular but important meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.[38]
Bishop Albericus Visconti (1295–1301) held a diocesan synod in Piacenza on 19 February 1298. The "Acts" survive, and were published by Pietro Maria Campi in 1662. Among other things, it ordered clerici concubinarii (clergy with wives) to leave their houses within eight days of the publication of the synodical decrees, and not to take their children with them.[39]
Cardinal Paolo Burali conducted a synod on 27 August 1570, and a second synod on 2 September 1574.[40] On 3–5 May 1589, a diocesan synod was held by Bishop Filippo Sega.[41] Bishop Claudio Rangoni (1596–1619) presided at a diocesan synod on 11 November 1599. He held another synod in 1613.[42] Bishop Alexandre Scappi (1627–1653) presided over a diocesan synod on 3–5 May 1632.[43] He held his second synod on 8–10 November 1646.[44] A diocesan synod was held on 12–14 May 1677 by Bishop Giuseppe Zandemaria.[45] Bishop Giorgio Barni (1688–1731) presided over a diocesan synod on 4–6 June 1696.[46] He held a second synod in 1725.
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↑ Kehr, p. 57 no. 188, quoting the "Vita Paschalis II auctore Bosone": Paschalis II in concilio apud villam Guardastallum, a. d. inc. 1106, 11 kal. nov. celebrate constituit, ut Aemilia tota cum suis urbibus, id est Placentia, Parma, Regio, Mutina, Bononia, nunquam ulterius Ravennati metropoli subiaceat.
↑ Pope Gelasius fled from Rome at the end of August 1118, and died in France on 29 January 1119. P. Jaffé, Regesta pontificum Romanorum Volume I, 2nd edition (Leipzig 1885), pp. 777 and 780.
↑ Cappelletti, p. 28. Kehr, pp. 57-58, nos. 189-190.
↑ Piacenza, Cronotassi, p. 9. Jaffé, II, p. 60 no. 9299. Est enim quasi peccatum ariolandi repugnare, et velut scelus idololatriae est nolle aquiescere. Per praesentia itaque scripta mandamus, atque praecipimus, quatenus Ven. Fratri nostro Ravennati archiepiscopo, tamquam metropolitano vestro, obedientiam et reverentiam deferatis, ne super vos quaerela ad nostras aures pervenire debeat, et nos inobedientiam vestram punire districtius compellamur.
↑ Piacenza, Cronotassi, p. 9. Abbot Peter states in his letter to Pope Eugenius in 1151 the claim of Piacenza: Metropolitanus noster non Ravennas, non Aquileiensis, non quilibet alter, sed Romanus Pontifex est, probandus hoc innumeris testibus, probamus placentinumn electum a multis retro saeculis a summo et universali praesule, non ab alio consecratum. Probamus inde pro exemplo praeter antiquiores, Urbanum secundum, Callixtum secundum, qui electis nostris consecrationis manus imposuerunt. The letter is given in full by Campi, II, pp. 351-352, cf. pp. 1-3.
↑ Kehr, p. 452 no. 52. Piacenza, Cronotassi, pp. 11-13.
↑ Kehr, p. 443, no. 3, with note. Cappelletti, pp. 19-20.
↑ Pierre Racine, "La chiesa piacentina nell'età del Comune," in: Pietro Castagnoli (ed.) Storia di Piacenza (Piacenza: Tip. Le Company, 1990), p. 351.
↑ Campi, I, p. 280; and Registro, p. 493, no. LIX, dated 3 January 989.
↑ T. De Luca, "Giovanni Filagato," in Almanacco Calabrese (Rome 1955), pp. 81-92. (in Italian) Wolfgang Huschner, "Giovanni XVI, antipapa,"Enciclopedia dei Papi (2000). (in Italian): Dopo la morte del vescovo Sigolfo di Piacenza nel 988, G. fu chiamato a succedergli, scavalcando un altro candidato che forse era già stato eletto. Inoltre Teofane ottenne da papa Giovanni XV che Piacenza venisse sottratta alla provincia ecclesiastica di Ravenna e diventasse sede metropolitica. Kehr, p. 52, no. 165.
↑ J.N.D. Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes (Oxford: OUP 1986), pp. 135-136.
↑ This was effected by Gregory V's bull of 7 July 997, Divinae remunerationis: A. Tomasetti (ed.), Bullarum, diplomatum et privilegiorum Sanctorum Romanorum Pontificum Taurensis EditioTomus I (Turin: Seb. Franco et Henrico Dalmazzo 1857), pp. 468-469 (in Latin).
↑ Piacenza, Cronotassi, pp. 7-8. Schwartz, p. 188.
↑ Campi, I, pp. 367-373. C. J. Hefele, Histoire des conciles (tr. Delarc) Tome VII (Paris: Adrien Leclere 1872), pp. 29-31. P. Jaffé and S. Loewenfeld, Regesta pontificum Romanorum I, editio altera (Leipzig: Veit 1888), pp. 677-679.
↑ A.G. Tononi, "Actes constant la participation des Plaisançais à la Ire Croisade," Archives de l'orient latin 1 (1881) 395-401.
↑ Angel Fernández Collado (1991), Gregorio XIII y Felipe II en la nunciatura de Felipe Sega (1577-1581): aspectos político, jurisdiccional y de reforma. (Toledo: Estudio Teologico San Ildefonso), pp. 27–34. (in Spanish)
↑ Ludwig von Pastor, The History of the Popes (ed. R. F. Kerr), Volume XXI (London: Kegan Paul 1932), pp. 329-331.
↑ Bishop Paolo Burali attended the 2nd provincial synod in 1569, and left the following subscription in the Acts of the synod: Praemissa contestation libertate meae et Ecclesiae meae tamquam Episcopus exemptus et non subiectus, sed iure electionis tantum ex praescripto s. concilii tridentini, Ego Paulus Episcopus Placentinus consentiens subscripsi. Piacenza, Cronotassi, p. 25.
↑ Constitutiones editae et promulgatae in synodo dioecesana Placentina, quam illustrissimus et reverendissimus d. d. Pavlus de Aretio, s. R. e. presbyter cardinalis, Dei et apostolicae sedis gratia episcopus placentiae et comes, habuit anno MDLXX, die xxvij augusti... (Placentiae: apud Franciscum Comitem 1570). Constitutiones editate et promulgatae in secunda dioecesana synodo Placentina, quam illustrissimus et reverendissimus d. d. Paulus de Aretio, s. R. e. tituli Sanctae Pudentianae presbiter cardinalis, dei et apostolicae sedis gratia episcopus Placentiae et comes, habuit anno 1574, die 2 Septembris... (Placentiae, apud Franciscum Comitem 1575). (in Latin)
↑ Cosstitutiones et Decreta condita et promulgata in synodo dioecesana Placentina, ab Alexandro Scappio, Episcopo Placentiae, habita anno MDCXXXII (Piacenza: Hieronymus Bazachius 1634). (in Latin)
↑ Synodus dioecesana Placentiae, ab Alexandro Scappio, Episcopo Placentino, secundo habita anno MDCXLVI... (Piacenza: Joannes Bazachius 1648). (in Latin)
↑ Synodus dioecesana Placentiae, a Josepho Marchione Zandemaria, Parmense, Episcopo Placentino et Comite, habita anno MDCLXXVII. (Piacenza: Joannes Bazachius 1677). (in Latin)
↑ Synodus dioecesana Placentiae ab illistriss. et reverendiss. d.d. Georgio Barno s ecclesiae Placentinae episcopo et comite, die 4 mensis iunij et duobus sequentibus anni 1696 habita anno 1696 (Placentiae: Zambelli 1696) (in Latin)
↑ The beginning of Victor's episcopacy is contested. A Victor appears at the Roman synod of 324, but, as Lanzoni points out, Victor is said to have been the immediate predecessor of Sabinus, and there is nothing to connect the Victor of 324 with Piacenza. Victor was present at the synod of Milan in 355, and subscribed the condemnation of S. Athanasius. He was also at the Roman synod of 372. Gams, p. 745 column 2. Lanzoni, p. 815 no. 1. Cf. Cappelletti, p. 12, who places his death on 7 December 375.
↑ Sabinus was present at the Council of Aquileia in 381. Lanzoni, p. 815 no. 2.
↑ Avitus was Augustus of the Western Roman Empire (Emperor) from 9 July 455 to 17 October 456. He died in 457. Gams, p. 745 column 2. Lanzoni, p. 818 no. 4.
↑ Joannes is apparently mentioned in a letter of Pope Gregory I (XIII, 19). Kehr, p. 77 no. 15.
↑ Paulus was the son of Bishop Seufridus' sister. He had been a Canon in the Cathedral with the rank of deacon. Campi, I, p. 213.
↑ Bernardus was consecrated in Rome by Pope Stephen V, for which the Pope, on 25 March 890, wrote a letter to the new Archbishop of Ravenna, admitting that the archbishop of Ravenna had the right to consecrate a bishop of Piacenza, but apologizing that the See of Ravenna had been vacant. Campi, p. 233-235. Kehr, p. 48 no. 149.
↑ Everardus (Enoardus): Campi, I, pp. 235-243. Ughelli, pp. 203-204. Cappelletti, p. 22. Gams, p. 746 column 1.
↑ Gams, p. 746 column 1, who notes that Bishop Guido reigned for thirty-six years.
↑ Boso (or Bosio) was the illegitimate son of King Hugh of Italy and one Pezola, and he served as Hugo's archchancellor. Cappelletti, p. 22. Schwartz, p. 188.
↑ Bishop Sigulfus was a Salian Frank. He was present at the Reichstag at Augsburg on 7 August 952. He participated in the synod of the ecclesiastical province of Ravenna at Marzalia in the diocese of Parma in Spring 973. His latest subscription occurs on 8 July 988 (?). J-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XIX (Venice: A. Zatta 1774), p. 41. Cappelletti, p. 22. Gams, p. 746 column 1 (giving the regnal dates 951–988). Schwartz, p. 188.
↑ Giovanni Filagato was a native of Rossano in Calabria, a monk of Montecassino, advisor of the Empress Theophane, wife of the Emperor Otto II, and tutor of the Emperor Otto III. had been Coadjutor bishop for Bishop Sigulfus from 982 to 988, when Sigulfus died. He was then Bishop of Piacenza in his own right until February or March 997, when he was made pope by Crescentius II Nomentanus under the title of Pope John XVI. Crescentius had recently led an uprising against Pope Gregory V, the cousin of the Emperor Otto III. The Synod of Pavia in 997 condemned, deposed, and excommunicated John, who was captured, mutilated and imprisoned in 998. A synod was held in Rome by Gregory V in May 998, and John was formally deposed. "Graecus Joannes" died at the monastery of Fulda on 2 April 1013, according to the Necrology of Fulda Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores Volume XIII (Hannover: Hahn 1881), p. 210) . T. De Luca, "Giovanni Filagato," in Almanacco Calabrese (Rome 1955), pp. 81-92. (in Italian) Wolfgang Huschner, "Giovanni XVI, antipapa,"Enciclopedia dei Papi (2000). (in Italian) Schwartz, p. 189.
↑ Sigefredus was the nephew of Archbishop Joannes of Ravenna (983-998). He is first mentioned in a diploma of 17 July 997. Schwartz, pp. 189-190.
↑ Petrus was a native of Milan. In 1037. because he was involved in a conspiracy against the emperor, he was placed under the ban, and was exiled to Germany by Emperor Conrad II, along with the bishops of Cremona and Vercelli. Schwartz, p. 190.
↑ Aicardus (or Ricardus), a native of Piacenza, was elected in 1038, and served as bishop for three years, according to a chronicle cited by Campi, I, p. 324 column 1. He was driven out because he was a partisan of Archbishop Eribertus of Milan, according to Cappelletti, p. 25. Gams, p. 746 column 1.
↑ Bishop Ivo died in October or November 1045, according to Campi, I, pp. 324-327.
↑ Guido was a native of Piacenza. The legitimacy of his election was in doubt because of the schism. He was present at the synod of Pavia on 25 October 1046. Ughelli, p. 208. Campi, I, pp. 328-331. Cappelletti, p. 25.
↑ Bishop Dionysius was a vigorous supporter of the schism of the Bishop of Parma, Cadalo, who called himself Honorius II. Dionisio was deposed by Pope Alexander II in 1067, and expelled by the people of Piacenza, with the encouragement of the authorities of Cremona. He became the leading figure in the anti-reform party in the Church in Lombardy. He was again deposed by Pope Gregory VII at the Roman synod of 24–28 February 1075. Kehr, pp. 446-447, nos. 20-24. Ian Robinson (2004). The Papal Reform of the Eleventh Century: Lives of Pope Leo IX and Pope Gregory VII. Manchester England UK: Manchester University Press. p.37. ISBN978-0-7190-3875-4.
↑ Bonizo was a native of Piacenza. He had been Bishop of Sutri (first attested in 1078), and a supporter of Gregory VII, was attacked in 1089, and lost an eye. He may have died in 1094 or 1095. Ian Robinson. The Papal Reform of the Eleventh Century. pp.36–50.
↑ Widrich was an imperial supporter. He was still alive in October 1095. Cappelletti, pp. 26-27. Gams, p. 746 column 1. Schwartz, pp. 193-194.
↑ Aldo was a native of Gubbio. He was consecrated by Pope Urban II. Bishop Aldo participated in the First Crusade. From 5–7 April 1098 Bishop Aldo participated in the reform synod of Archbishop Anselm of Milan. Emilia was temporarily taken from the jurisdiction of Ravenna during his episcopacy, due to the schism which had been perpetrated by Archbishop Wibert of Ravenna, antipope Clement III. In 1115 he signed a grant to the church of S. Eufemia in Piacenza. He was present at the consecration of the cathedral of Genoa on 18 October 1118. Campi, I, pp. 372-391. Cappelletti, pp. 27-28. Gams, p. 746. Schwartz, p. 195. Vincenzo Pancotti (1922). Aldo, vescovo di Piacenza: (nell'ottavo centenario della Cattedrale) (in Italian). Piacenza: Unione tipografica piacentina. E. Nasalli Rocca, "Aldo vescovo di Piacenza," in: Il duomo di Piacenza (1122–1972), pp. 133-144.
↑ Arduinus had previously been Abbot of the monastery of S. Savino. He was consecrated by Pope Calixtus II in, probably, 1120. He founded the new cathedral. Simona Rossi. Arduino vescovo di Piacenza (1121-1147) e la Chiesa del suo tempo (in Italian). Campi, I, p. 391.
↑ Bishop Ugo, a nephew of Pope Anacletus II, was appointed bishop of Piacenza by Pope Adrian IV in 1155, who consecrated him in Rome (Cappelletti, p. 28). He made his solemn entry into Piacenza on 1 May 1155. He was driven from his diocese by the schismatics who supported the antipope Victor IV. He was appointed Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum (Frascati) by Pope Alexander III by 18 March 1166 (perhaps as early as 1164). He died on 20 April 1166 (not 1167). Campi, II, pp. 6-23. Johannes Brixius, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181 (Berlin: R. Trenkel 1912), p. 62, no. 9.
↑ Tedaldus was elected around the beginning of the year 1167. He made his solemn entry into Piacenza on 25 June 1167. He died on 24 June 1192. Campi, II, p. 73.
↑ Arditio was elected on 26 June 1192. He died on 5 June 1199, the vigil of Pentecost. Campi, II, p. 83 column 2.
↑ Grumerio was a native of Piacenza and a member of the Porta family. Grumerio was elected bishop on Pentecost, 6 June 1199. Grave contentions began between the clergy and the consuls, and Grumerio was driven from the diocese. He died on 8 April 1210. Campi, p. 84. Cappelletti, p. 42.
↑ Fulco Scotti was elected bishop of Piacenza in 1210, but he did not receive confirmation or his bulls from Pope Innocent III. He was transferred to the diocese of Pavia in 1216. Cappelletti, p. 42. Eubel, I, pp. 389, 401.
↑ Vicedomino was appointed by Pope Honorius III on 5 October 1217. He died on 14 February 1235. Campi, II, pp. 152-153. Eubel, I, p. 401.
↑ Aegidius had not yet been elected on 11 October 1236, but he was already in office on 23 November 1236 (Campi, II, pp. 153, 156; Instrumenta, p. 392). Bishop Aegidius died on 3 May 1242, and was buried at the abbey of the Cistercians at Quartesiola. On 29 April 1243, while Aegidius was still alive, the Cardinal Legate, Raynaldus dei Conti, wrote to the Cathedral Chapter, forbidding them to proceed to an election of a successor bishop without his license. The papal throne had been vacant since 10 November 1241, and the cardinals had not yet agreed to hold an electoral meeting. Campi, II, p. 175. Cappelletti, p. 43. Eubel, I, p. 401.
↑ On 18 May 1242, the Canons of the Cathedral elected the Archdeacon, Aimerico Caccia, but the papal throne was vacant, and confirmation and bulls could not be obtained. On 10 July 1243, an attempt to seize the episcopal seat was made by Fra Jacopo, Prior of the Dominicans, while around the same time Archdeacon Aimerico renounced his claim to the episcopal seat. When Pope Innocent IV (Ottobono Fieschi of Genoa) was elected, he offered the diocese of Piacenza to the Bishop of Ventimiglia, who refused the offer. Cappelletti, p. 43.
↑ Pandoni was a papal chaplain. He was appointed Bishop of Piacenza by Pope Innocent IV on 14 March 1244. He was transferred to the diocese of Ferrara at the end of 1247. Cappelletti, p. 43. Eubel, I, p. 248, 401.
↑ Following the death of Bishop Filippo, there was a contested election. Some Canons supported Master Gregorio Biffa, a cleric of the diocese; others supported Albericus Visconti, a Canon of S. Antoninus in Piacenza. Six Canons, however, led by the Archdeacon, supported Rogerius Cacia, the Provost of S. Antoninus, and they eventually prevailed. They submitted an account of the election and the signed certificate of election of Rogerius Cacia to Pope Boniface VIII. He appointed Albericus Visconti on 16 April 1295. He was enthroned on 24 June 1296. He was transferred to the diocese of Fermo by Pope Boniface VIII on 28 February 1301. Campi, III, pp. 267-268. Cappelletti, pp. 43-44 (who says that Rogerius resigned his claim). Eubel, I, pp. 249; 401 with note 3.
↑ Rainerius was the uncle of Cardinal Theodericus Rainerii of Orvieto (1298–1306). Immediately following the transfer of Bishop Albericus, the Chapter of the Cathedral met and elected Canon Filippo Confalonieri as Vicar Capitular. Rainerius of Orvieto, a Cistercian monk, was appointed Bishop of Orvieto by Boniface VIII, but he was dead before 29 June 1301. He was buried at the Abbey of Tre Fontane in Rome, evidence that he had never visited his new diocese. Campi, III, pp. 29-30. Ughelli, pp. 227-228. Cappelletti, p. 44. Eubel, I, p. 401 with note 4.
↑ Ubertus Avvocati was a native of Piacenza and a Canon of the Cathedral Chapter. He had been named Abbot of the monastery of S. Martino de'Bocci (diocese of Parma), which had been founded by Cardinal Gerardo Bianchi. He was appointed Bishop of Piacenza on 3 July 1301. It is conjectured (Ughelli, p. 228 note 1) that he resigned. He was appointed to the diocese of Bologna on 19 September 1302. Ughelli, p. 228. Campi, III, p. 30. Eubel, I, p. 140, 401.
↑ Ugo was named Bishop of Piacenza on 5 May 1302. He died in Avignon in 1317, after April. On hearing of his death, the Canons of the Cathedral elected the usual Vicar Capitular, Gherardo Leccacorvi, Archpriest of Travi, but he was not allowed to function. Ughelli, p. 228. Cappelletti, p. 44 (died around the middle of the year). Campi, III, p. 53. Eubel, I, p. 401.
↑ Magi was transferred to Piacenza from the diocese of Brescia (1309–1317) by Pope John XXII in Avignon, and seems never to have visited Piacenza. Cappelletti, p. 44. Eubel, I, p. 401.
↑ Carrario was appointed on 10 March 1323 by Pope John XXII. He died on 7 September 1338. Campi III, p. 81. Ughelli, p. 228. Eubel, I, p. 401.
↑ Andrea was appointed Bishop of Piacenza on 4 November 1381. He was transferred to the diocese of Brescia (1383–1388). Eubel, I, pp. 147, 401.
↑ Centuaria was appointed Bishop of Piacenza on 17 June 1383. He was transferred to the diocese of Brescia by Urban VI on 27 September 1386. Eubel, I, pp. 390, 401.
↑ Maineri of Milan was formerly the physician of Galeazzo II Visconti of Milan. He was in Milan when he died in 1404; he was buried there in the Church of S. Marco. Campi, III, pp. 166-180. Cappelletti, p. 45. Eubel, I, p. 401.
↑ A native of Cremona, Amidano was a Protonary Apostolic. He was named Bishop of Piacenza on 15 January 1448. He was appointed Archbishop of Milan on 19 March 1453 by Pope Nicholas V. He died on 24 March 1454. Eubel, II, pp. 188, 216.
↑ Sagramori was a Protonotary Apostolic and the ambassador of the Duke of Parma to the Papal Court. He was appointed Bishop of Piacenza on 21 October 1475 by Pope Innocent VIII. He was transferred to the diocese of Parma on 15 January 1476. Bishop Sagramori died in Ferrara on 25 August 1482, where he was serving as ambassador of the Duke of Parma to the d'Este Court of Ferrara. Eubel, II, pp. 213, 216.
↑ A native of Milan, Antonio Trivulzio had previously been Bishop of Asti. He was transferred to the diocese of Piacenza by Pope Julius II on 31 July 1508. He resigned the diocese of Piacenza and, at his request, was transferred back to the diocese of Asti by Pope Julius II on 9 January 1509. Cappelletti, pp. 47-48. Eubel III, pp. 121, 275.
↑ Count Vasino Malabayla was a member of an aristocratic family of Asti. He was a participant in the schismatic council of Pisa in 1512, and was suspended from office. His duties were carried out by Giovanni Gozzadini, Apostolic Administrator of Piacenza. He was restored to office by Pope Leo X. On 26 September 1519, Malabayla was transferred to the diocese of Asti by Pope Leo X. Cappelletti, p. 48. Eubel III, pp. 121, 275.
↑ Scaramuccia Trivulzio was the brother of Bishop Antonio Trivulzio. He was appointed Administrator of the diocese of Piacenza on 26 September 1519. He governed through an auxiliary bishop, Pietro Recorda, titular bishop of Sebaste. Cardinal Trivulzio resigned on 31 May 1525, in favor of his nephew Catalano. Ughelli, p. 234. Cappelletti, pp. 48-49. Eubel, III, p. 275.
↑ Catalano Trivulzio was the nephew of Cardinal Scaramuccia Trivulzio. He succeeded his brother on 31 May 1525, at the age of fifteen. His Vicar General was Luigi Grampi. On 23 September 1545, he participated in the proclamation of Pier Luigi Farnese, the son of Pope Paul III, as Duke of Parma and Piacenza. In June 1546 he participated in a session of the Council of Trent. He was still only Bishop-elect on 17 June 1551. He died in 1559. Ughelli, p. 234. Cappelletti, p. 49. Eubel, III, p. 275.
↑ Scotti was born in Magliano di Sabina (Terni) c. 1493. In 1525 he joined the Order of Theatines, their first novice, and served as Provost of various houses of the order, notably S. Nicolas in Venice. He was named a cardinal on 20 December 1555 by Pope Paul IV, who was one of the founders of the Theatines and Scotti's patron. Paul IV named him Archbishop of Trani on the same day, and then, on 9 August 1559, transferred him to the diocese of Piacenza. Because of his duties in the Roman Curia, including membership in the Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition, he did not reside in Piacenza. He resigned the diocese in 1568, a few months before and in anticipation of his death (His successor was appointed on 23 July). Scotti died in Rome on 11 December 1568 at the age of 75, according to the Acta Consistorialia. He was buried at S. Paolo fuori le mure in Rome. Ughelli, p. 234. Cappelletti, p. 49. Eubel, III, pp. 35, with note 1; 275, 317.
↑ A priest of Bologna, Gigli had been Bishop of Sora from 1561 until 1576, though He was named Treasurer General of the Holy Roman Church on 25 May 1572 by Pope Gregory XIII; he held the post until 29 December 1576, and therefore was resident in Rome, not in Sora, during that period. He was appointed Bishop of Piacenza on 12 November 1576. He died in 1578. Gaetano Moroni, ed. (1855). Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da s. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni (in Italian). Vol.LXXIII (Tem-Tes). Venice: dalla Tipografia Emiliana. p.291. Eubel, III, pp. 275, 302.
↑ A native of Modena and a member of the family of the Counts of Rangoni, Rangoni was a Referendary of the Two Signatures (appellate judge) in the Roman Curia. He was appointed Bishop of Piacenza on 2 December 1596 by Pope Clement VIII. Rangoni took possession of the diocese by proxy on 19 December 1596. He made his solemn entry into the city on 23 March 1597. He died on 13 September 1619. Ughelli, II, p. 237. Anton-Domenico Rossi (1832). Ristretto di Storia Patria ad Uso De' Piacentini (in Italian). Vol.Tomo IV. Piacenza: Torchi del Majno. p.109. Eubel, III, p. 275. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 281.
↑ Linati had previously been Bishop of Borgo San Donnino (1606–1620). He was transferred to Piacenza by Pope Paul V on 9 October 1619. He took possession of the diocese by proxy on 5 February 1620, and entered the city privately on 8 February. He died on 2 April 1627. Ughelli, II, p. 238. Rossi (1832), Ristretto, p. 137. Cappelletti, p. 52. Gauchat, p. 281 with note 3.
↑ Scappi was a native of Bologna, the son of Senator Mario Scappi, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. He was appointed Bishop of Campagna e Satriano on 12 February 1618. He was papal Nuncio to Switzerland from 1621 to 1628. On 17 May 1627, Pope Urban VIII transferred him to the diocese of Piacenza. He held two diocesan synods, and introduced the Discalced Carmelites and the Barnabites into the city of Piacenza. Ughelli, pp. 237-238 (who places his death in 1654). Gauchat, pp. 131 with note 3; 281 with note 4 (who says that Scappi died in 1650). Noel Malcolm (2007). Reason of State, Propaganda, and the Thirty Years' War: An Unknown Translation by Thomas Hobbes. Oxford England UK: Clarendon Press. pp.194, note 2. ISBN978-0-19-921593-5.Anton Domenico Rossi (1832). Ristretto di Storia Patria ad Uso De' Piacentini (in Italian). Vol.Tomo IV. Piacenza: Torchi del Maino. p.230. places Scappi's death on 20 June 1653. Cappelletti, p. 53, places the date of death on 20 June 1650.
↑ Zandemaria was a native of Parma, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. He was a Councilor of Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma, and a Canon of the Cathedral Chapter of Parma. He was named Bishop of Piacenza by Pope Innocent X on 9 November 1654, and was consecrated in Rome by Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni. He died on 6 April 1681. Ughelli, p. 238. Cappelletti, pp. 53-54. Gauchat, p. 131 with note 4.
↑ Barni was born in Lodi in 1651. He held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from Pavia. He served as civil governor of Tivoli, then Camerino, then Fermo. He was then Vice-Legate in Ravenna. Back in Rome, he was appointed a Referendary of the Tribunal of the Two Signatures. On 17 May 1688, he was appointed Bishop of Piacenza by Pope Innocent XI. He died on 31 August 1731, at the age of 82. Cappelletti, pp. 54-55. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 317.
↑ Gerardo Giandemaria, as his name was sometimes spelled, appointed Bishop of Borgo San Donnino on 15 May 1719. He was transferred to the diocese of Piacenza on 24 December 1731 by Pope Clement XII. He died on 5 November 1747. Cappelletti, p. 56-58. Ritzler-Sefrin, V, p. 131, with note 8; VI, p. 341 with note 2.
↑ Cristiani was born at Varisi in the diocese of Genoa in 1704. He obtained the degree Doctor in utroque iure from the University of Lucca in 1746. He was a prebend, Canon, and Vicedomino of the Cathedral of Piacenza, and Vicar General of Piacenza. He was appointed bishop on 10 April 1747, and consecrated in Rome by Pope Benedict XIV on 16 April. He made his official entry into his diocese on 24 September 1747. He died on 21 October 1765. Cappelletti, p. 58. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, p. 341 with note 3.
↑ Cappelletti, pp. 60-62. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, p. 341 with note 4.
↑ Cerati was appointed in the Consistory of 18 July 1783 by Pope Pius VI. He died on 17 February 1807. Cappelletti, pp. 62-63. Ritzler-Sefrin, VI, p. 341 with note 5.
↑ Stefano Fallot de Beaumont, as he was known in Italy, was a native of Avignon, born in 1750. He held the licenciate in Civil and Canon Law from the University of Avignon (1774), and was a Canon of the Cathedral Chapter of Agde. He had been titular Bishop of Sebastopolis and Coadjutor Bishop of Viason, consecrated in Rome in 1782 by Cardinal Henry Stuart. He was transferred to the diocese of Gand May 1802, and then to Piacenza on 3 August 1807. He did not perform episcopal functions, however, until 28 March 1808, because he had not yet received his bulls of institution. He was present at the national council of Paris (1810). On 14 April 1813, the Emperor Napoleon I announced that he was promoting Fallot de Beaumont to the archbishopric of Bourges, and was naming the Vicar General of Turin, Pietro Marentini, to succeed him in Piacenza. Neither appointment, however, received papal approbation. From 1814, the diocese of Piacenza was actually administered by the Vicar Lodovico Loschi. Fallot de Beaumont finally resigned formally on 8 April 1817. Cappelletti, p. 63-66. U. Benigni & C.F.W. Brown (1911), "Piacenza," in The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved December 11, 2012 from New Advent. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, pp. 371, 433; VII, p. 202, 309.
↑ Ambrosio was born in Santhià (Vercelli) in 1943. He was ordained in 1968, and sent to Rome for a degree in theology; he studied at the Institut Catholique in Paris and obtained a licenciate in social sciences. He obtained a diploma in the sociology of religion from the Ecole pratique des Hautes Etudes (Sorbonne). He taught the sociology of religion at the Facoltà teologica dell' Italia Settentrionale. From 2001 to 2008 he was general ecclesiastical assistant at the Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Milan). He was named bishop of Piacenza-Bobbio on 22 December 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI, and was consecrated in Vercelli by Archbishop Albino Mensa. Il portale della diocesi di Piacenza-Bobbio, Mons. Gianni Ambrosio; retrieved: 7 November 2018. (in Italian)
↑ Sources: Annuario Pontificio (2007) and Archivio dell'Istituto Centrale per il sostentamento del clero (2008, updated monthly), as cited by CCI (2008), Diocesi di Piacenza - Bobbio, Chiesa Cattolica Italiana, archived from the original on 2003-09-05, retrieved 2008-03-16.
↑ Source for parishes: CCI (2008), Parrocchie, Chiesa Cattolica Italiana, archived from the original on 2008-03-14, retrieved 2008-03-16. Two more parishes were closed in 2016. The correct number is now (2018) 420 parishes.
Il Duomo di Piacenza (1122–1972): Atti del Convegno di studi storici in occasione dell'850o anniversario della fondazione della Cattedrale di Piacenza (Piacenza, 1975). (in Italian)
Glass, Dorothy F. "The Bishops of Piacenza, their Cathedral, and the Reform of the Church," in: John S. Ott and Anna Trumbore Jones, ed. (2017). "Chapter 13". The Bishop Reformed: Studies of Episcopal Power and Culture in the Central Middle Ages. New York: Routledge-Taylor & Francis. ISBN978-1-351-89392-3.
Ughelli, Ferdinando; Coleti, Niccolo (1717). Italia sacra sive de Episcopis Italiae (in Latin). Vol.Tomus secundus (II) (secundaed.). Venice: Apud Sebastianum Coleti. pp.194–238.
Acknowledgment
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Diocese of Piacenza (Placentinensis)". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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