Rouen tramway

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Rouen tramway
Citadis 302 DSC 9250.jpg
Overview
Native nameMétro de Rouen
Locale Rouen, Normandy, France
Transit type Tram (Semi-metro)
Number of lines2
Number of stations31
Daily ridership67,000 (2010) [1]
Annual ridership18.85 million (2018) [2]
Operation
Began operation16 December 1994 [2]
Operator(s) TCAR
Technical
System length15.1 km (9.4 mi)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge
System map
Map of Rouen public transit system, including the tramway (in blue). Rouen-01.jpg
Map of Rouen public transit system, including the tramway (in blue).

The Rouen tramway (French : Tramway de Rouen, known locally as "Métro de Rouen", "Rouen Metro" in English) is a tramway / semi-metro [3] [4] [5] network in the city of Rouen, Normandy, France. Construction began in 1991 and the network opened for service on 17 December 1994.

Contents

Modern network

The tramway consists of two lines that share a common route in the north in and diverting into two southern branches to Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray and Le Grand-Quevilly. The northernmost section of the line within Rouen city centre runs through a 1.7-kilometre (1.1 mi) underground (subway) section in the Rouen city centre encompassing stations Joffre–Mutualité through Bouvoisine. At the Théâtre des Arts station, transfers between the tramway and Rouen's three bus rapid transit lines (T1-T3) can take place; while transfers between the tramway and the SNCF railway line take place at Gare–Rue Verte station. The remainder of the tramway to the south of the underground portion runs on the road surface and on reserved track.

In light of the fact that the new mode of transport technically is a semi-metro/tramway, inhabitants of Rouen and its suburbs have taken the habit of calling it the 'métro'. In September 1997 the tramway was extended to the Technopôle du Madrillet. [6]

Technical data

Rolling stock

The original rolling stock used by the system until 2012 was the GEC Alsthom Tramway Français Standard (TFS), [7] identical to those used on the Grenoble tramway (1987) and Paris Tramway Line 1.

In January 2010, Alstom was awarded a €90m contract to supply 27 Citadis 402 trams in 2011–2012 to replace the TFS cars. [7] All TFS trams were removed from service in 2012 and were subsequently shipped to Gaziantep, Turkey as an expansion fleet for a newly built tram line in that city. [8]

Former tramway

Old standard tramway on the Pont Jeanne-d'Arc Tramway-de-Rouen.jpg
Old standard tramway on the Pont Jeanne-d'Arc

The first tramway was steam hauled, opened in 1874 and was owned by Gustav Palmer Harding. The Compagnie des Tramways de Rouen (CTR) was created on 11 September 1878. Steam hauling stopped in 1884 due to rising costs and the ineffectiveness of the system, the tramways then were horse drawn. On 19 June 1892 a funicular railway linking Rouen to Bonsecours opened. Two years later, in 1894, the decision to operate all tramways electrically was made.

A second company, the Compagnie Générale de Traction (CGT) was created in 1895 and opened lines to Bapeaume, Amfreville-la-Mi-Voie and Bihorel. The CTR electrified its tramway network from 22 March 1896 in time for the Colonial Exposition of 1896, organised in Rouen.

The CGT and CTR were supplemented by a third tramway company, the Compagnie du Tramway de Bonsecours, which in 1899 opened a line from Rouen's Pont Corneille to Bonsecours. To reach Bonsecours, the line had to climb a steep ramp, reaching 60 mm/m (6%) and 80 mm/m (8%). This made the total length of network 38 km long. The tramway system was operated by three companies, all using 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge tramcars.

In 1906, a short lived line linking le Trianon to the Forêt du Rouvray opened, this closed in 1908. In 1910, The CGT, the Compagnie du Tramway de Bonsecours merged into the CTR. Two years later, the tramway was extended to Bois-Guillaume. The last line was opened on 1 August 1915, this stretched between Rouen and Grand-Quevilly, its purpose was to link military camps to the city-centre. A fire broke out in the Trianon depot on 30 November 1921.

In 1930, the first bus line began operations between Place Beauvoisine and Cimetière Nord. The first tramway line closure occurred the same year and was replaced by buses. The trolleybus made a discreet appearance in 1933 during tests, the first line opened in 1937 and linked Mont-Saint-Aignan to the city.

For six years, between 9 June 1940 and 20 April 1946, crossing of the River Seine was interrupted due to the World War II hostilities. The line to Amfreville was closed and replaced by buses in 1948. On 28 February 1953, the last tramway line closed, followed in 1970 by the last trolleybus.

Depots

The Compagnie des Tramways de Rouen (CTR) kept its rolling stock in three tramway depots;

Network Map

Rouen tramway

See also

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References

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  2. 1 2 "Rapport annuel 2018 sur le parc, le trafic et les événements d'exploitation des tramways" (PDF) (in French). STRMTG - Service Technique des Remontées Mécaniques et des Transports Guidés. 20 December 2019. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-04-21. Retrieved 2020-09-02.
  3. Une évaluation de la qualité de la vie. Etude pilote prospective de l'agglomération de Rouen. - Volume 3 (in French). Neuilly: Ministère de l'environnement. 1980. p. 79. Retrieved 12 January 2025.
  4. "Transports publics urbains" (in French). Universite Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV. 28 January 2011. p. 85. Retrieved 12 January 2025.
  5. Oillo, Benoît (10 January 2020). La performance opérationnelle des systèmes de transport collectif en milieu urbain: définition et approche méthodologique (in French). Université Paris-Est. p. 39. Retrieved 12 January 2025.
  6. "Paris opening launches next round of French tram projects". Railway Gazette International . 1 August 1997. Retrieved 2011-05-24.
  7. 1 2 "Rouen orders trams to increase capacity". Railway Gazette International . 5 January 2010. Archived from the original on 2010-02-12. Retrieved 2011-05-24.
  8. Barrow, Keith (2014-03-05). "Former Rouen trams shipped to Turkey". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 2017-11-01.