Rozanne L. Ridgway | |
---|---|
Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs | |
In office July 19, 1985 –June 30, 1989 | |
President | Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush |
Preceded by | Richard Burt |
Succeeded by | Raymond Seitz |
United States Ambassador to East Germany | |
In office January 26,1983 –July 13,1985 | |
President | Ronald Reagan |
Preceded by | Herbert Okun |
Succeeded by | Francis Meehan |
Counselor of the United States Department of State | |
In office March 20,1980 –February 24,1981 | |
President | Ronald Reagan |
Preceded by | Matthew Nimetz |
Succeeded by | Robert McFarlane |
United States Ambassador to Finland | |
In office August 5,1977 –February 20,1980 | |
President | Jimmy Carter |
Preceded by | Mark Austad |
Succeeded by | James Goodby |
Personal details | |
Born | Rozanne Lejeanne Ridgway August 22,1935 Saint Paul,Minnesota,U.S. |
Political party | Republican |
Alma mater | Hamline University |
Rozanne Lejeanne Ridgway (born August 22,1935) is an American diplomat who served 32 years with the U.S. State Department,holding several posts,including ambassador to Finland and to East Germany,and finished her career as Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs.
Ridgway has been an American foreign policy leader since the Richard Nixon administration. She has acted as an international negotiator on behalf of the United States.
In the early 1970s,Ridgway negotiated longstanding issues over fishing rights in Brazil,Peru and the Bahamas. This led to her appointment in 1976 as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and Fisheries. During her tenure,she negotiated the 200-mile (370 km) fishing rights treaty. Ridgway's subsequent negotiations led to the return of property of U.S. citizens from Czechoslovakia. [1]
As Special Assistant to the Secretary of State for Negotiations and,subsequently,the Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs,she was the lead negotiator at all four Reagan-Gorbachev summits. These brought the first substantive reductions in nuclear weapons,signaled the beginning of the end of Communism and the Cold War,and established the fundamental realignment of global power as America prepared to enter the twenty-first century. [1]
Between Ridgway's positions at the Department of State,she served as America's Ambassador to Finland from 1977 to 1980 and as the Ambassador to the German Democratic Republic between 1983 and 1985. [2]
She is a member of the following organizations:
She was president of the Atlantic Council from 1989 to 1996,and currently the chairwoman of the Baltic-American Freedom Foundation. [3]
In 1998,Ridgway was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. [4]
Claudia Benedikta Roth is a German politician. She was one of the two party chairs from 2004 to 2013 and previously served as one of the vice presidents of the Bundestag. She is currently serving as Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media in the government of Chancellor Olaf Scholz since 2021.
Paula Jon Dobriansky is an American diplomat,public official,and foreign policy expert who served as Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs (2001-2009) and the President's Envoy to Northern Ireland (2007-2009). A specialist in Central/East European affairs and the former Soviet Union,trans-Atlantic relations,and political-military affairs,Dobriansky held key senior roles in the administrations of five U.S. Presidents.
The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/Vice-President of the European Commission (HR/VP) is the chief co-ordinator and representative of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) within the European Union (EU). The position is currently held by Josep Borrell Fontelles.
Winston Lord is an American diplomat and leader of non-governmental foreign policy organizations. He has served as Special Assistant to the National Security Advisor (1970–1973),Director of the State Department Policy Planning Staff (1973–1977),President of the Council on Foreign Relations (1977–1985),Ambassador to China (1985–1989),and Assistant Secretary of State (1993–1997).
Goli Ameri is an Iranian American businesswoman and former U.S. diplomat. She is the co-founder of a mobile technology platform called StartItUp,which provides resources to aspiring entrepreneurs. She is the former Under Secretary General for Humanitarian Values and Diplomacy for the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. She is also the former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs. She ran for the U.S. House of Representatives as a Republican in 2004,and is a former U.S. Representative to the United Nations. She serves on the board of trustees of the international NGO Freedom House,as well as on the Center for Middle East Public Policy advisory board of the RAND Corporation,a group of public and private sector leaders that provide guidance and support for RAND's Middle East research.
Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli is an American political scientist who also served in the Department of State. In 2006,she was appointed as the first Ambassador for women's empowerment by the United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice as well as Senior Advisor to the Secretary of State on United Nations Reform. She was sworn in as the First American Muslim Ambassador in July 1990. Dr. Tahir-Kheli was the Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Democracy,Human Rights and International Operations at the White House National Security Council,from 2003-2005. She has served three Republican presidential administrations since 1980.
The Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs (OES) is a functional bureau within the United States Department of State. The Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs coordinates a suite of portfolios related to oceans,environmental,polar,scientific,fisheries,wildlife,conservation,and natural resource and health affairs that affect U.S. foreign policy interests. The Assistant Secretary reports to the Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth,Energy,and the Environment.
The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) was a key element of the détente process during the Cold War. Although it did not have the force of a treaty,it recognized the boundaries of postwar Europe and established a mechanism for minimizing political and military tensions between East and West and improving human rights in the Communist Bloc. The first phase was the Meeting of Foreign Ministers in Helsinki in 1973,the second negotiations held in Geneva from 1973 to 1975,and the third the Helsinki summit in 1975. The final document was signed in Helsinki,Finland on August 1,1975,by 33 European nations,the United States and Canada. It is often called the Helsinki Agreement. In 1994,the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) was established as a successor to CSCE.
James Eugene Goodby is an author and former American diplomat.
Joy Uche Angela Ogwu is a former foreign minister of Nigeria and a former permanent representative of Nigeria to the United Nations in New York from 2008–2017. She is the first woman to hold the post of Permanent Representative to the United Nations from Nigeria. Prior to her ministerial career,Ogwu,who is from Delta State,served as Director–General of the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs (NIIA).
Barbara McConnell Barrett is an American businesswoman,attorney and diplomat who served as the United States secretary of the Air Force from 2019 to 2021. She is also an instrument-rated pilot,and cattle and bison rancher.
Philip Thomas Reeker is an American diplomat and career foreign service officer with the Department of State who currently serves as the senior advisor for Caucasus negotiations. He was previously Chargéd'affaires of the United States mission to the United Kingdom from 2021 to 2022 and acting assistant secretary of state in the Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs from 2019 to 2021.
Polly Baca is an American politician who served as Chair of the Democratic Caucus of the Colorado House of Representatives (1976–79),being the first woman to hold that office and the first Hispanic woman elected to the Colorado State Senate and in the House and Senate of a state Legislature.
Zohrab Hrachiki Mnatsakanyan is an Armenian diplomat. Mnatsakanyan previously served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Armenia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations.
Roberta S. Jacobson is an American diplomat who was the United States Ambassador to Mexico from June 2016 to May 2018. She previously served as the Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs from March 30,2012,to May 5,2016. The United States Senate approved her nomination as U.S. Ambassador to Mexico on April 28,2016. In March 2018,Jacobson announced her resignation effective May 5. Foreign Policy reported on January 18,2021 that Jacobson would be in charge of Mexico–United States border affairs at the National Security Council under President Joe Biden.
Jan Elizabeth Adams is a senior Australian public servant who has served as the Secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade since July 2022. Adams is also a former Australian diplomat who served as the Australian Ambassador to Japan since October 2020. She was previously the Australian Ambassador to China from February 2016 to August 2019.
Makila James is an American diplomat who has been a career Foreign Service Officer within the U.S. State Department. Beginning in 1988,she has had a series of postings and roles related to the Caribbean and Africa,leading to her being the Director of the Office of Caribbean Affairs from 2009 to 2012. She then served as the United States Ambassador to Swaziland from 2012 to 2016. Later,she was Deputy Assistant Secretary for East Africa and the Sudans from 2018 to 2020.
Marija PejčinovićBurić is a Croatian politician of the centre-right Croatian Democratic Union party who served as Minister of Foreign and European Affairs and First Deputy Prime Minister of Croatia from 2017 to 2019. She was the third woman to hold the post of foreign minister,following Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovićand Vesna Pusić. PejčinovićBurićpreviously served as a Member of Parliament during its Sixth Assembly (2008–2011),representing the 6th electoral district.
Catherine M. Croft is a United States Department of State official who has served as a special advisor for Ukraine both in the State Department and on the United States National Security Council. Croft has been scheduled to testify in closed-door hearings before the House Intelligence,Oversight and Foreign Affairs committees in October 2019.
Laura Elizabeth Kennedy is a retired United States career diplomat,who has served as U.S. Ambassador to Turkmenistan,U.S. Permanent Representative to the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva,and Deputy Assistant Secretary of State.