Rutilus | |
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Common roach (Rutilus rutilus) | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Cypriniformes |
Family: | Leuciscidae |
Subfamily: | Leuciscinae |
Genus: | Rutilus Rafinesque, 1820 [1] |
Type species | |
Cyprinus rutilus | |
Synonyms [1] | |
Rutilus, commonly known as roaches, is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. This genus is a widely distributed lineage of leuciscids and ranges from West Europe to East Siberia. [2]
Rutilus was first proposed as a genus in 1820 by the French polymath Constantine Samuel Rafinesque with Cyprinus rutilus designated as the type species but also the type species by absolute tautonymy. [1] Cyprinus rutilus was first formally described in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae by Carl Linnaeus with "European lakes" given as the type locality. [3]
In a phylogeographic study, Levin et al. (2017) argue that the Ponto-Caspian taxa including R. caspicus, R. heckelii and R. stoumboudae could represent a single widespread species whose range extends to Siberia, to be named Rutilus lacustris , whereas R. kutum is included in R. frisii. [4]
The genera Leucos and Sarmarutilus have been recently separated from Rutilus and are closely related to it. [5]
Rutilus was chosen as the genus name by tautonymy with Cyprinus rutilus; rutilus means red, golden red or reddish yellow, and is an allusion to the red colour of the fins. [6]
Rutilus contains the following valid species: [3]
Rutilus, according to Rafinesque, was characterised by "Vent posterior nearer to the tail. Abdominal fins with nine rays. Mouth large and with lips. Scales large." [7] The smallest species in the genus is R. atropatenus with a maximum total length of 9.5 cm (3.7 in), [8] while the largest are R. frisii and R. meidingeri with a maximum total length of 70 cm (28 in). [9]
Rutilus is a widely distributed genus of leuciscids and fishes from this genus are found from Western Europe to Eastern Siberia. [10]