Related Research Articles
Andhra Pradesh is a state in the southern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of 162,970 km2 (62,920 sq mi) and tenth-most-populous state, with 49,577,103 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the north-west, Chhattisgarh to the north, Odisha to the north-east, Tamil Nadu to the south, Karnataka to the west and the Bay of Bengal to the east. It has the second longest coastline in India after Gujarat, of about 974 km (605 mi). Andhra State was the first state to be formed on a linguistic basis in India on 1 October 1953. On 1 November 1956, Andhra State was merged with the Telugu-speaking areas ofHyderabad State to form United Andhra Pradesh. On 2 June 2014, these merged areas of Hyderabad State were bifurcated from United Andhra Pradesh to form the new state Telangana. The present form of Andhra is similar to Andhra state, but some mandals like Bhadrachalam are still included in Telangana. Amaravati serves as the capital of the state with the largest city being Visakhapatnam.
Rayalaseema is a geographic region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises four southern districts of the State prior to districts reorganisation in 2022 namely Kurnool, Anantapur, YSR and Chittoor districts. Four new districts were created from these namely Sri Sathya Sai Nandyal, Annamayya and Tirupati The As of 2011 census of India, the western four districts of the region had a population of 15,184,908 and covers an area of 71,060 km2 (27,440 sq mi).
The West Godavari district is a coastal district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh with an administrative headquarters in Bhimavaram. As of the 2011 Census of India, the district has an area of 2,178 km2 (841 sq mi) and a population of 1,779,935. It is bounded by the Krishna district and Bay of Bengal to the south, East Godavari district to the east, and Eluru district, Kolleru Lake and Upputeru Drain to the northwest.
Penna is a river of southern India. This is a unique river in world where after originating from Nandi hills, it flows as two different streams, one in North and South directions. The Penna rises in the Nandi Hills in Chikkaballapur District of Karnataka state, and runs north and east through the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh to empty into bay of bengal in Andhra Pradesh. It is 597 kilometres (371 mi) long, with a drainage basin covering 55,213 km2: 6,937 km2 in Karnataka and 48,276 km2 in Andhra Pradesh. Along with this main stream there is another stream south towards Tamilnadu with the name Then Pennai or south Pennar which further moves towards the east to empty into the Bay of Bengal.The Penna river basin lies in the rain shadow region of Eastern Ghats and receives 500 mm average rainfall annually.
General Sir Arthur Thomas Cotton was a British general and irrigation engineer.
Tirupati is a city in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of the Tirupati district. The city is home to the important Hindu shrine of Tirumala Venkateshwara Temple and other historic temples It is located at a distance of 150 km from Chennai, 250 km from Bangalore. It is one of the eight Svayam vyakta kshetras dedicated to Vishnu. Tirupati is a municipal corporation and the headquarters of Tirupati (urban) mandal, Tirupati (rural) mandal, and the Tirupati revenue division.
Kadapa district is one of the twenty six districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. On 19 August 2005, the nomenclature of “Cuddapah” had been changed to “Kadapa” by the Government of A.P. It was renamed as Y.S.R District during the year 2010, in honour of Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, the former chief minister of united Andhra Pradesh. In 2022 reorganisation of Andhra Pradesh districts, the district boundary is largely restricted to Kadapa parliamentary constituency area.
Prakasamdistrict is one of the twelve districts in the coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was formed in 1970 and reorganised on 4 April 2022. The headquarters of the district is Ongole. It is located on the western shore of Bay of Bengal and is bounded by Bapatla district and Palnadu districts in the north, Nandyal district in the west, Kadapa and Nellore districts in the south. A part of north west region also borders with Nagarkurnool district of Telangana. It is the largest district in the state with an area of 14,322 km2 (5,530 sq mi) and had a population of 22,88,026 as per 2011 Census of India.Map
Proddatur (1915) is a city in the YSR Kadapa District of Andhra Pradesh, located on the banks of the Penna River. The city is a municipality, and also the mandal headquarters of Proddatur mandal. It is the second-largest town in former Kadapa District. It is the oldest municipality which formed before Independence.
The Telugu Ganga project is a joint water supply scheme implemented in 1980s by the then Andhra Pradesh chief minister N.T.Ramarao and Tamilnadu Chief minister M. G. Ramachandran to provide drinking water to Chennai city in Tamil Nadu. It is also known as the Krishna Water Supply Project, since the source of the water is the Krishna river in erstwhile Andhra Pradesh. Water is drawn from the Srisailam reservoir and diverted towards Chennai through a series of inter-linked canals, over a distance of about 406 kilometres (252 mi), before it reaches the destination at the Poondi reservoir near Chennai. The main checkpoints en route include the Somasila reservoir in Penna River valley, the Kandaleru reservoir, the 'Zero Point' near Uthukkottai where the water enters Tamil Nadu territory and finally, the Poondi reservoir, also known as Satyamurthy Sagar. From Poondi, water is distributed through a system of link-canals to other storage reservoirs located at Red Hills, Sholavaram and Chembarambakkam.
National Waterway 4 (NW-4) is a 1,095 kilometres (680 mi) long waterway in India. It has been declared as an Indian National Waterway and is currently under development. It connects the Indian states of Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and the union territory of Puducherry. The NW-4 runs along the Coromandal Coast through Kakinada, Eluru, Commanur, Buckingham Canals and also through part of Krishna and Godavari rivers in South India. It was declared a National Waterway on 24 November 2008 under the Provisions of National Waterways Bill, 2006. It is being developed by the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), and was scheduled for completion by 2013. The National Waterways Act, 2016 has extended the length of NW-4 from 1,095 km (680 mi) to 2,890 km (1,800 mi) by connecting the Krishna and Godavari Rivers. The Project would be undertaken in 3 phases with first phase beginning in October, 2017 and to be completed by June, 2019
The Polavaram Project is an under construction multi-purpose irrigation project on the Godavari River in the Eluru District and East Godavari District in Andhra Pradesh. The project has been accorded National project status by the Central Government of India. Its reservoir back water spreads up to the Dummugudem Anicut and approx 115 km on Sabari River side. Thus back water spreads into parts of Chhattisgarh and Odisha States. It gives major boost to tourism sector in Godavari Districts as the reservoir covers the famous Papikonda National Park, Polavaram hydro electric project (HEP) and National Waterway 4 are under construction on left side of the river. It is located 40 km to the upstream of Sir Arthur Cotton Barrage in Rajamahendravaram City and 25 km from Rajahmundry Airport.
Handri-Neeva Sujala Sravanthi project is the longest water canal project in the region of Rayalaseema, Andhra Pradesh, India. The project was conceived to provide a reliable irrigation and drinking water supply for the region through drawing flood waters from the Srisailam reservoir.
Kurnool Cuddappah Canal popularly known as K.C. Canal is an irrigation canal located in Kurnool and Kadapa districts in Andhra Pradesh, India.
Jeedipalli Reservoir is an irrigation project located in Anantapur district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It receives water from Handri-Neeva canal which draws water from Srisailam reservoir. It is located in Jeedipalli village of Beluguppa mandal.
Palkonda Hills are a range of hills that form a part of the Eastern Ghats in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Meaning "milk hills", they run along a northwest to southeast direction, culminating at the pilgrimage centre of Tirupati.
The Chitravathi is an inter-state river in southern India that is a tributary of the Penna River. Rising in Karnataka, it flows into Andhra Pradesh and its basin covers an area of over 5,900 km2. The pilgrim town of Puttaparthi is located on its banks.
Cheyyeru river is a river in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh that is a tributary of the Pennar river.
The Veligonda Project is an irrigation project located in Markapur, Prakasam district in Andhra Pradesh, India. When completed, the project will provide irrigational facilities to 459,000 acres and drinking water to 1.5 million people in 29 Mandals of fluoride and drought affected areas in Prakasam district, Nellore district and Kadapa district by diverting 43.5 TMC of floodwater from the Krishna River from foreshore of Srisailam Reservoir near Kollamvagu and proposed to store in Nallamalasagar Reservoir. The water for the project is drawn through two 18.8 km long tunnels across Nallamala hills. The project has been renamed to the "Poola Subbaiah Irrigation Project". It displaces around 20,946 families. The oustees have protested for enhanced compensation over the years and many have not received the compensation promised to them.
Annamayya district is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, established in 2022. Rayachoti is the district administrative headquarters and Madanapalle is the most populated town in the district.
References
- ↑ Bulletin of the National Geophysical Research Institute, Volume 9. National Geophysical Research Institute. 1971. p. 117.
- ↑ Census of India, 1961 census: Monograph series, Issue 8. India (Republic). Office of the Registrar General. 1966. p. 49.
- ↑ Jain, Sharad Kumar (2007). Hydrology and Water Resources of India. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. p. 735. ISBN 9781402051807.
- ↑ "IRRIGATION PROFILE KADAPA DISTRICT". Water Resources Information System, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ↑ "Passion for a bird". The Hindu Business Line. 31 March 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ↑ "Will the call of Jerdon's be lost?". The Hindu Business Line. 28 January 2005. Retrieved 13 July 2013.