Sideroxylon tenax

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Tough bully
The North American sylva; or, A description of the forest trees of the United States, Canada and Nova Scotia. Considered particularly with respect to their use in the arts and their introduction into (14802252473).jpg
Illustration of Sideroxylon tenax with the synonym Bumelia tenax
Status TNC G3.svg
Vulnerable  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Genus: Sideroxylon
Species:
S. tenax
Binomial name
Sideroxylon tenax
L. 1767
Sideroxylon tenax range map 2.png
Synonyms [2]
Synonymy
  • Bumelia chrysophylloides(Michx.) P.Watson
  • Bumelia chrysophylloides(Michx.) Pursh
  • Bumelia lacuumSmall
  • Bumelia megacoccaSmall
  • Bumelia tenax(L.) Willd.
  • Chrysophyllum carolinenseJacq.
  • Chrysophyllum glabrumJuss. ex Lam.
  • Lyciodes tenax(L.) Kuntze
  • Sclerocladus tenax(L.) Raf.
  • Sclerozus tenax(L.) Raf.
  • Sideroxylon carolinense(Jacq.) Sarg.
  • Sideroxylon chrysophylloidesMichx.
  • Sideroxylon sericeumWalter

Sideroxylon tenax, called the tough bully, [3] is a plant species native to Florida, Georgia, South Carolina and the southernmost part of North Carolina. It grows on dry, sandy soil in pine forests, pine-oak woodlands, and hummocks at elevations less than 100 m. [4] [5]

Sideroxylon tenax is a shrub or tree up to 8 m (almost 27 feet) tall. Stems are armed with thorns. Leaves are up to 7 cm (2.8 inches) long, upper side green and sometimes shiny, underside covered with a layer of brown hairs. Flowers are white, up to 5 mm (0.2 inches) across, borne in groups of up to 40 flowers. Berries are very dark purple, almost black, spherical to egg-shaped, about 10 mm (0.4 inches) across. [4] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

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<i>Clintonia</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Clintonia borealis</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Sideroxylon</i> Genus of trees

Sideroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. They are collectively known as bully trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek words σιδηρος (sideros), meaning "iron", and ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood."

<i>Sideroxylon lanuginosum</i> Species of tree

Sideroxylon lanuginosum is a shrub or small tree of the family Sapotaceae. It is native to the Sun Belt and Midwest of the United States as well as Northeastern Mexico. Common names include gum bully, black haw, chittamwood, chittimwood, shittamwood, false buckthorn, gum bumelia, gum elastic, gum woolybucket, woolybucket bumelia, wooly buckthorn, wooly bumelia, ironwood and coma.

<i>Iris tenax</i> Species of tree

Iris tenax is a species of Iris, known by the common names tough-leaved iris, Oregon iris, or more colloquially, flag.

<i>Sideroxylon mirmulano</i> Species of flowering plant

Sideroxylon mirmulano, commonly known as marmulano, is a species of flowering plants in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to the Madeira Islands (Portugal). It is threatened by habitat loss.

<i>Trillium lancifolium</i> Species of flowering plant

Trillium lancifolium, the lanceleaf wakerobin, lance-leaved trillium, or narrow-leaved trillium, is a species of plants native to the southeastern United States. It is known to occur in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Tennessee. The species is imperiled in Alabama and Florida, and critically imperiled in South Carolina and Tennessee.

Sideroxylon salicifolium, commonly called white bully or willow bustic, is a species of flowering plant native to Florida, the West Indies and Central America.

<i>Sideroxylon celastrinum</i> Species of tree

Sideroxylon celastrinum is a species of flowering plant in the family Sapotaceae, that is native to Texas and Florida in the United States south through Central America to northern Venezuela and Colombia in South America. Common names include saffron plum and coma. It is a spiny shrub or small tree that reaches a height of 2–9 m (6.6–29.5 ft). The dark green leaves are alternate or fascicled at the nodes and oblanceolate to obovate. Greenish-white flowers are present from May to November and are followed by single-seeded, blue-black drupes.

<i>Sideroxylon foetidissimum</i> Species of tree

Sideroxylon foetidissimum, commonly known as false mastic or yellow mastic, is a species of flowering plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is native to Florida in the United States, the Caribbean, and northern Central America.

<i>Thalia dealbata</i> Species of aquatic plant

Thalia dealbata, the powdery alligator-flag, hardy canna, or powdery thalia, is an aquatic plant in the family Marantaceae, native to swamps, ponds and other wetlands in the southern and central United States. Its range includes much of Coastal Plains and the lower Mississippi Valley. The plant has been grown as an aquatic ornamental because of the pretty violet flowers, and in cultivation has been proved hardy as far north as Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) and Vancouver.

<i>Symphyotrichum georgianum</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to the southeastern United States

Symphyotrichum georgianum is a rare species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae, the aster family. Its common name is Georgia aster. It is native to the southeastern United States where it is known from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. As of 2013, it may be extirpated from the state of Florida.

Sideroxylon alachuense, known by the common names Alachua bully, silver bully and silvery buckthorn, is a plant species native to the US states of Georgia and Florida. It grows in forested areas on hummocks, or near lime sinks or shell middens, at elevations of less than 200 m.

<i>Smilax auriculata</i> Species of plant

Smilax auriculata is a North American plant species native to the Bahamas, the Turks & Caicos Islands, and the southeastern United States. Common names include earleaf greenbrier and wild-bamboo, despite the fact that it is not closely related to bamboo. It is reported from Florida, Georgia, North and South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. It grows on coastal sand dunes and in sun-lit locations in sandy woodlands at elevations of less than 100 m.

<i>Trillium maculatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Trillium maculatum, the spotted wakerobin or spotted trillium, is a species of flowering plant in the family Melanthiaceae. It is a member of the Trillium cuneatum complex, a closely related group of sessile-flowered trilliums. The species is endemic to the southeastern United States, ranging across Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and northern Florida.

<i>Cleome viscosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Cleome viscosa, the Asian spiderflower or tick weed is an annual herb that grows up to a meter high. It belongs to the family Cleomaceae. It is considered an invasive species and is widely distributed in warm and humid habitats across the Americas, Africa and Asia, and in Australia. It is commonly found during the rainy season.

<i>Hypericum prolificum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum prolificum, known as shrubby St. John's wort, is a deciduous shrub in the genus Hypericum. It was named for its "prolific" number of stamens.

<i>Hypericum suffruticosum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum suffruticosum, known as pineland St. John's-wort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is native to the Southeastern United States.

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<i>Carex tenax</i> Species of sedge in the family Cyperaceae

Carex tenax, the wire sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae, native to Texas and the southeastern United States.

References

  1. "NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Sideroxylon tenax, Tough Bumelia". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
  2. The Plant List, Sideroxylon tenax
  3. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sideroxylon tenax". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  4. 1 2 Flora of North America Sideroxylon tenax
  5. Goldblatt, P. 1991. In M. Johnson, Cytology. Pp. 15--22 in T. D. Pennington, The Genera of Sapotaceae. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens.
  6. BONAP (Biota of North America Project) 2014 county distribution map, Sideroxylon tenax
  7. Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1840. Autikon Botanikon (2): 73.
  8. Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1838. Sylva Telluriana 35.
  9. Pennington, T. D. 1990. Sapotaceae. Flora Neotropica 52: 1–771.
  10. Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida i–x, 1–806. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
  11. Plant Information Center, photos of specimens from University of North Carolina Herbarium, Sideroxylon tenax