Sirhind-Fategarh

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Sirhind-Fatehgarh
Town
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Sirhind-Fatehgarh
Location in Punjab, India
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Sirhind-Fatehgarh
Sirhind-Fatehgarh (India)
Coordinates: 30°37′N76°23′E / 30.617°N 76.383°E / 30.617; 76.383
CountryFlag of India.svg  India
State Punjab
District Fatehgarh Sahib
Population
 (2013)
 • Total60,852
Languages
 • Official Punjabi
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
Vehicle registration PB-23

Sirhind-Fategarh is a town and a municipal council in the Fatehgarh Sahib district in the Indian state of Punjab.

Contents

Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara, Punjab, India.jpg
Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib

Demographics

In the 2011 census Sirhind-Fatehgarh had a population of 60852. Males constituted 54% of the population and females 46%. Sirhind-Fatehgarh had an average literacy rate of 90%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy was 80%. 12% of the population was under 6 years of age.

Etymology

According to popular notion, Sirhind, comes from 'Sar-i hind', meaning the Frontier of Hind, as the Mughal emperors saw it as the 'gateway to Hindustan'. [1] [2]

History

In his Sanskrit treatise, Brihat Samhita, Varahamihira (505 – 587) mentions the city as 'Satudar Desh'. Later it was inhabited by a tribe of 'Sairindhas Aryans, leading to its present name. [3] According to Huan Tsang, the Chinese traveller who visited India during the seventh century, Sirhind was the capital of the district of Shitotulo, or Shatadru (the present day River Sutlej). [4]

Entrance to the Ramgarh Fort near Sirhind RDBFort1.jpg
Entrance to the Ramgarh Fort near Sirhind

In the 12th century, Sirhind came under the rule of the Hindu Chauhan Rajputs of Delhi. [5] During the rule of Prithvi Raj Chauhan (1168–1192), the Hindu Rajput ruler of Delhi, it became his military outpost.

It became a provincial capital during the Mughal Empire, controlling the Lahore-Delhi Highway. During the Mughal era, Sirhind was the name for Malwa, the area's capital city. Sirhind was the headquarters of the Mughal administration in Eastern Punjab. Many European travelers describe its splendours, and it developed into a cultural center. [6]

Ruins of Daulat Khana-E-Khas at Aam Khas Bagh', built by most probably, Sultan Hafiz Rakhna, during the reign of emperor Akbar Aam khas bagh.jpg
Ruins of Daulat Khana-E-Khas at Aam Khas Bagh', built by most probably, Sultan Hafiz Rakhna, during the reign of emperor Akbar

Sirhind was known for dozens of saints, scholars, poets, historians, calligraphers and scribes who lived there. This city is famous to Muslims for Great saint Imām-e-Rabbānī Shaykh Ahmad al-Farūqī al-Sirhindī (R.) (1564–1624). He was an Indian Islamic scholar of Arab origin, a Hanafi jurist, and a prominent member of the Naqshbandī Sufi order. Many buildings survive from this period, including Aam Khas Bagh; [7] it is said that in its heyday, the city had 360 mosques, gardens, tombs, caravansarais and wells.

Education

University

Engineering College

General degree colleges

Law College

Polytechnic College

Teacher Training College

CISCE affiliated school

Punjab School Education Board affiliated schools

Central Board Of Secondary education (CBSE) affiliated schools

Other

Historical and religious places in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib

See also

Further reading

Subhash Parihar, "Medieval Sirhind and its Monuments", Marg (Mumbai), vol. 55, no. 4, June 2004, pp. 42–57. Subhash Parihar, "Historic Mosques of Sirhind". Islamic Studies, 43(3)(2004): 481–510. Subhash Parihar, "Arabic and Persian Inscriptions from Sirhind". Islamic Studies, 38(2)(1999): 255–74.

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References

  1. ↑ Memories of a town known as Sirhind The Sunday Tribune, 15 April 2007.
  2. ↑ Sirhind Town(Sahrind) The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 23, p. 20.
  3. ↑ District at a glance Sirhind at fatehgarhsahib.nic.in
  4. ↑ Huan-Tsang
  5. ↑ "Welcome to Official Web site of Punjab, India". Archived from the original on 4 June 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2008. - Punjab Government Website
  6. ↑ Subhash Parihar. Sirhind : The Greatest Mughal City on Delhi-Lahore Highway. ISBN   81-7305-311-1.
  7. ↑ "Aam Khas bagh | SIRHIND INFO". 1 December 2012. Archived from the original on 1 December 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
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