Sparidentex hasta

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Sparidentex hasta
Sparidentex hasta.png
Sobaity seabream caught near Pakistan
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Acanthuriformes
Family: Sparidae
Genus: Sparidentex
Species:
S. hasta
Binomial name
Sparidentex hasta

Sparidentex hasta, the sobaity seabream, is a species of marine fish in the seabream (or porgy) family: Sparidae. It is also known as the silver black porgy, the sobaity bream, or simply the sobaity. [2] [3] Sobaity seabream are found in the Indian Ocean's Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf where they are commerically fished and farmed. [1]

Contents

Description

Commonly around 20 cm (7.9 in) in length, this species reaches a maximum length of 58 cm (1.90 ft). [4] [5] The dorsal fin of the sobaity seabream has 11 to 12 rays, while its anal fin usually has only 8. [6] There are 5.5 rows of scales between the first dorsal ray and the lateral line (which contains 47–48 pored scales), while there are 12.5 rows below the lateral line. [6]

Distribution and habitat

The sobaity seabream can be found in both marine and brackish waters at tropical latitudes in the Indian Ocean. [1] [5] It is generally demersal and can be fond at depths up to 20 m (66 ft). [5] Sobaity seabream are especially known from coastal areas of the Persian gulf, Arabian sea and the western coast of the Indian subcontinent. [5]

Sometime between 1975 and 1999, the sobaity seabream may have been accidentally introduced to coastal waters of Australia, and individuals have been reported from the Swan River. [7]

Diet

The sobaity seabream, and other sparids of the Persian Gulf, feed on teleost fishes, arthropods such as crabs, shrimps, stomatopods, spiny lobsters, barnacles, amphipods, isopods and hermit crabs, and mollusks such gastropods, bivalves, and nudibranchs. [6] Echinoderms, cephalopods, polychaete worms, and marine algae are also represented in the diet of these fishes. [8]

Relationship with humans

Drawing of the sobaity seabream by natural history illustrator George Henry Ford Chrysophrys cuvieri Ford 34.jpg
Drawing of the sobaity seabream by natural history illustrator George Henry Ford

S. hasta is fished commercially off the coasts of Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, where they these fishes are usually sold fresh. It is considered to be of minor commerical importance, and reports of catches to the FAO began in 2000. Around this time, this species was also utilized in aquaculture in Barhain, the UAE, and Kuwait. [9] The fish is considered a delicacy in the Persian Gulf region, and dishes containing it are often associated with celebrations. [1]

The sobaity seabream does not appear to be protected by any laws, though it is known to occur in protected areas. [1] It has also been introduced to the eastern Indian Ocean near Oceania. [10] The cause of some of these introductions may be related to the release of ship ballast from vessels traveling from elsewhere in the Indian Ocean. [11]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Buxton, C.D., Pollard, D., Russell, B., Carpenter, K.E., Hartmann, S., Abdulqader, E., Bishop, J., Kaymaram, F., Alam, S., Al-Khalaf, K., Jassim Kawari, A. & Alnazry, H. 2014. Sparidentex hasta. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T170174A1287447. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T170174A1287447.en. Downloaded on 24 March 2021.
  2. ↑ Samuel, M. and C.P. Mathews, 1987. Growth and mortality of four Acanthopagrus species. Kuwait Bull. Mar. Sci. 9:159–171.
  3. ↑ Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen, 2006. Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p.
  4. ↑ Awan, K.P., N. Qamar, N. Farooq and S.K. Panhwar, 2017. Sex rartio, length weight relationships and conditon of eight fish species collected from Narreri Lagoon, Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. J. Aquac. Mar. Biol. 5(4):1–4.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith, 1984. Sparidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome.
  6. 1 2 3 Sparidentex hasta Valenciennes, 1830 in Siddiqui P J, Amir S A, Masroor R, plazi (2014). The sparid fishes of Pakistan, with new distribution records. Plazi.org taxonomic treatments database. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3857.1.3 accessed via GBIF.org on 22 January 2022.
  7. ↑ FAO, 1997. FAO database on introduced aquatic species. FAO Database on Introduced Aquatic Species, FAO, Rome.
  8. ↑ Siddiqui, Pirzada JA, Farkhanda Khan, Shahnaz Rashid, Safia Mushtaq, Habib Ul Hassan, and Shabir Ali Amir. "Feeding habits of three sparid breams, Argyrops spinifer Forsskål, 1775, Sparidentex hasta Valenciennes, 1830, and Rhabdosargus niger Tanaka & Iwatsuki, 2013 (family: Sparidae) in the coastal waters of Pakistan." Marine Biodiversity 52, no. 3 (2022): 27.
  9. ↑ Emirates, U. A. (2005). United Arab Emirates Yearbook 2005. Ministry of Information and Culture.
  10. ↑ Pollard, D.A., 1989. Introduced marine and estuarine fishes in Australia. p. 47-60. In D.A. Pollard. ed. Introduced and translocated fishes and their ecological effects. Proceedings of the Australian Society for Fish Biology Workshop No. 8. Magnetic Island. 24–25 August 1989.
  11. ↑ Dianne J. Bray, Sparidentex hasta in Fishes of Australia, accessed 23 January 2022, https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/680
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