Spatholirion

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Spatholirion
Spatholirion ornatum JournalofBotany 1896 vol34.jpg
Spatholirion ornatum [1]
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Commelinales
Family: Commelinaceae
Subfamily: Commelinoideae
Tribe: Tradescantieae
Subtribe: Streptoliriineae
Genus:Spatholirion
Ridl.
Type species
Spatholirion ornatum

Spatholirion is a genus of climbing or rosette monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family. It is distributed from China in the north, south to Thailand, Vietnam, and northern Peninsular Malaysia. [2] [3] [4] [5] It has four to eight seeds per carpel, unlike the closely related Streptolirion , which has only two, and white or purple petals. [4] The inflorescence axis of Spatholirion longifolium and all of its branches are a bright purple, probably aiding in visual pollinator attraction. [6] The genus was first described in 1896 by Henry Nicholas Ridley, the father of the commercial rubber industry, from plants sent to Kew Gardens from the Malay Peninsula near the border between Thailand and Malaysia. [7] All species have a diploid chromosome number of 20. [5]

Rosette (botany) circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves

In botany, a rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves.

Commelinaceae family of plants

Commelinaceae is a family of flowering plants. In less formal contexts, the group is referred to as the dayflower family or spiderwort family. It is one of five families in the order Commelinales and by far the largest of these with about 731 known species in 41 genera. Well known genera include Commelina (dayflowers) and Tradescantia (spiderworts). The family is diverse in both the Old World tropics and the New World tropics, with some genera present in both. The variation in morphology, especially that of the flower and inflorescence, is considered to be exceptionally high amongst the angiosperms.

China Country in East Asia

China, officially known as the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1.404 billion in 2017. Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third or fourth largest country by total area. Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities, and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

Species [2]

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<i>Daphniphyllum</i> genus of plants

Daphniphyllum is the sole genus in the flowering plant family Daphniphyllaceae and was described as a genus in 1826. The genus includes evergreen shrubs and trees mainly native to east and southeast Asia, but also found in the Indian Subcontinent and New Guinea.

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  2. Pelatantheria cristata(Ridl.) Ridl. - Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra
  3. Pelatantheria ctenoglossumRidl. - Yunnan, Indochina
  4. Pelatantheria eakroensisHaager - Vietnam
  5. Pelatantheria insectifera(Rchb.f.) Ridl. - Assam, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Andaman Islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
  6. Pelatantheria rivesii(Guillaumin) Tang & F.T.Wang - Yunnan, Guangxi, Laos, Vietnam
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<i>Streptolirion</i> genus of plants

Streptolirion is a genus of climbing monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family. It consists of a single species, namely Streptolirion volubile. It has a broad distribution in Asia, from China's western Hubei Province as well as the Russian Far East, Korea and Japan in the northeast, south to Vietnam and west to India. Currently two subspecies are accepted: S. volubile subsp. volubile and S. volubile subsp. khasianum, with the latter being a stronger climber covered with erect brown hairs. Streptolirion can be distinguished from the closely related climber Spatholirion by the former's two-seeded carpels and inflorescences that are all subtended by large involucral bracts. They bear yellow hairs below the anthers, which are believed to increase floral attraction by contrasting with the petals or suggesting additional pollen is present. Despite the large range, an analysis of chromosomes found major differences between Japanese and Indian populations, suggesting that additional species may be yet unrecognized.

<i>Murdannia</i> genus of plants

Murdannia is a genus of annual or perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family.

Peliosanthes is a genus of flowering plants found in eastern Asia. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae.

<i>Tupistra</i> genus of plants

Tupistra is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants found in south Asia, from southern China to Sumatra and Ambon Island. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae.

<i>Amischotolype</i> genus of plants

Amischotolype is a genus of perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family. It is found in Central Africa and from India through Southeast Asia to New Guinea, with the great majority or species found in Asia.

References

  1. ↑ Lithograph from J. DeAlwis, R. Morgan, & W. Newman - Journal of Botany, British & Foreign; Volume 34, Tab. 360, 1896;
  2. 1 2 "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org.
  3. ↑ Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 20 竹叶吉祥草属 zhu ye ji xiang cao shu Spatholirion Ridley, J. Bot. 34: 329. 1896.
  4. 1 2 Hong, Deyuan; DeFillipps, Robert A. (2000), "Spatholirion", in Wu, Z. Y.; Raven, P.H.; Hong, D.Y. (ed.), Flora of China, 20, Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, p. 20, retrieved 2008-01-28
  5. 1 2 Larsen, Kai; Larsen, Supee Saksuwan (2003), "A new species of Spatholirion (Commelinaceae) from Thailand and further notes on S. ornatum", Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany), 31: 39–43
  6. ↑ Faden, Robert B. (1992), "Floral Attraction and Floral Hairs in the Commelinaceae", Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 79 (1): 46–52, doi:10.2307/2399808, JSTOR   2399808
  7. ↑ Ridley, Henry N. (1896), "A New Genus of Commelinaceae", Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, 43: 329–330
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