TOI-4138 b

Last updated
TOI-4138 b
TOI 4138 b (comparison).png
TOI-4138 b compared to Jupiter
Discovery [1]
Discovered by Montalto et al.
Discovery site TESS
Discovery date13 October 2021
Transit
Orbital characteristics [1]
Periastron 0.049 AU (7,300,000 km)
Apoastron 0.052 AU (7,800,000 km)
0.051 ± 0.002 AU (7,630,000 ± 300,000 km)
Eccentricity 0.03 ± 0.02
3.660028 ± 0.000006 d
Inclination 86.0° ±0.7°
2,458,708.9983 ± 0.0003 JD
Semi-amplitude 74±3  m/s
StarTOI-4138
Physical characteristics [1]
Mean radius
1.49 ± 0.04 RJ
Mass 0.67 ± 0.03 MJ
Mean density
250 ± 20  kg/m3 (421 ± 34  lb/cu yd)
Temperature 1,762 ± 21 K (2,711.9 ± 37.8 °F; 1,488.8 ± 21.0 °C)

    TOI-4138 b is a transiting exoplanet orbiting the G-type subgiant TOI-4138 1,674 light years away in the northern circumpolar constellation Ursa Minor.

    Contents

    Discovery

    The planet was discovered by TESS using the transit method, which involves measuring light curves during a planet’s eclipse. The paper states that it’s inflated due to heating from its host star, which has a high luminosity. [2] Its discovery was announced in October 2021.

    Properties

    Orbit and mass

    TOI-4138 b has an orbital period of 3.6 days, typical for a hot Jupiter. This corresponds to a separation from its host close to one eighth of the distance of Mercury from the Sun. Since the inclination is known, doppler spectroscopy measurements give the planet a mass only 67% that of Jupiter. [1] Its separation is comparable with HD 209458 b, but is much larger due to the evolved state of the host star. [1]

    Radius and density

    TOI-4138 b’s transit gives it a radius 1.49 times that of Jupiter; this combined with its low mass of 0.67 MJ gives it a density only 25% that of water. [1]

    Host star

    TOI-4138 b orbits TOI-4138, a subgiant star [1] located in the constellation Ursa Minor. The star has an enlarged radius of 1.82  R, a luminosity of 4.37  L and an effective temperature of 6,128 K (5,855 °C). [1] It has 1.32 times the Sun's mass, and it has an intermediate age of around 3.5 billion years. [1] The apparent magnitude of the star is 11.8, making it not visible to the naked eye. [3]

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Aquarius (constellation)</span> Zodiac constellation straddling the celestial equator

    Aquarius is an equatorial constellation of the zodiac, between Capricornus and Pisces. Its name is Latin for "water-carrier" or "cup-carrier", and its old astronomical symbol is (♒︎), a representation of water. Aquarius is one of the oldest of the recognized constellations along the zodiac. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. It is found in a region often called the Sea due to its profusion of constellations with watery associations such as Cetus the whale, Pisces the fish, and Eridanus the river.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Epsilon Reticuli</span> Star in the constellation Reticulum

    Epsilon Reticuli, Latinized from ε Reticuli, is a double star approximately 60 light-years away in the southern constellation of Reticulum. The brighter member is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.44. The primary component is an orange subgiant, while the secondary is a white dwarf. The two stars share a common motion through space and hence most likely form a binary star system. The brighter star should be easily visible without optical aid under dark skies in the southern hemisphere. In 2000, an extrasolar planet was confirmed to be orbiting the primary star in the system.

    HD 164922 b is an exoplanet orbiting the star HD 164922 about 72 light-years from Earth in the constellation Hercules. Its inclination is not known, and its true mass may be significantly greater than the radial velocity lower limit of 0.36 Jupiter masses. The planet also has a low eccentricity, unlike most other long period extrasolar planets – 0.05 – about the same as Jupiter and Saturn in the Solar System. The exoplanet was found by using the radial velocity method, from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star.

    HD 210702 is a star with an orbiting exoplanet in the northern constellation of Pegasus. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.93, which is bright enough that the star is dimly visible to the naked eye. The distance to HD 210702 is 177 light years based on parallax measurements, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of 18.5 km/s. It is a probable member of the Ursa Major moving group, an association of co-moving stars.

    HD 109749 is a binary star system about 206 light years away in the constellation of Centaurus. The pair have a combined apparent visual magnitude of 8.08, which is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. The primary component has a close orbiting exoplanet companion. The system is drifting closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −13.2 km/s.

    HD 118203 is a star with an orbiting exoplanet located in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. It has the proper name Liesma, which means flame, and it is the name of a character from the Latvian poem Staburags un Liesma. The name was selected in the NameExoWorlds campaign by Latvia, during the 100th anniversary of the IAU.

    Kepler-432b (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-1299.01) is a hot super-Jupiter (or "warm" super-Jupiter) exoplanet orbiting the giant star Kepler-432 A, the innermost of two such planets discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. It is located about 2,830 light-years (870 parsecs, or nearly 2.684×1016 km) from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-1647b</span> Circumbinary gas giant orbiting the Kepler-1647 star system

    Kepler-1647b is a circumbinary exoplanet that orbits the binary star system Kepler-1647, 3,700 light-years (1,100 pc) from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. It was announced on June 13, 2016, in San Diego at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society. It was detected using the transit method, when it caused the dimming of the primary star, and then again of the secondary star blended with the primary star eclipse. The first transit of the planet was identified in 2012, but at the time the single event was not enough to rule out contamination, or confirm it as a planet. It was discovered by the analysis of the Kepler light-curve, which showed the planet in transit.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">K2-33b</span> Young Super-Neptune orbiting K2-33

    K2-33b is a very young super-Neptune exoplanet, orbiting the pre-main-sequence star K2-33. It was discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft on its "Second Light" mission. It is located about 456 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Scorpius. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.

    Kepler-419b is a hot Jupiter exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-419, the outermost of two such planets discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. It is located about 3,400 light-years (1040 parsecs from Earth in the constellation Cygnus.

    CoRoT-21b is a transiting exoplanet reportedly found by the CoRoT space telescope in 2011. Planetary parameters were published in 2012.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 102956 b</span> Extrasolar planet in the constellation Ursa Major

    HD 102956 b or Isagel is an extrasolar planet discovered in 2010 by a team of American astronomers led by John Johnson using Doppler spectroscopy and the Keck Observatory in Hawaii. HD 102956 b is in the orbit of host star HD 102956. The planet is at most the mass of Jupiter, orbiting every 6.5 days at a distance of 12 million km. HD 202956 b has a very circular orbit. The system is roughly 399 light years from us.

    TOI-677 b is a confirmed "warm" super-Jupiter exoplanet orbiting TOI-677, its host star, in the Ophiuchus constellation, about 466 ly (143 pc) away from Earth. The planet was discovered by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. Discovery of the exoplanet was announced on 13 November 2019.

    Kepler-1704b is a super-Jupiter on a highly eccentric orbit around the star Kepler-1704. It has a mass of 4.51 MJ. The planet's distance from its star varies from 0.16 to 3.9 AU. It is a failed hot Jupiter, been scattered from its birth orbit to orbit with periastron just above tidal circularization distance.

    Kepler-1708b is a Jupiter-sized exoplanet orbiting the Sun-like star Kepler-1708, located in the constellation of Cygnus approximately 5,600 light years away from Earth. It was first detected in 2011 by NASA's Kepler mission using the transit method, but was not identified as a candidate planet until 2019. In 2021, a candidate Neptune-sized exomoon in orbit around Kepler-1708b was found by astronomer David Kipping and colleagues in an analysis using Kepler transit data.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">TOI-2180 b</span> Jovian-sized exoplanet orbiting TOI-2180

    TOI-2180 b is a giant exoplanet orbiting the G-type star TOI-2180, also known as HD 238894. It was discovered with the help of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and is currently the exoplanet with the longest orbital period TESS was able to uncover. TOI-2180 b orbits its host star every 260.16 days.

    TOI-1227 b is one of the youngest transiting exoplanets discovered, alongside K2-33b and HIP 67522 b. The exoplanet TOI-1227 b is about 11±2 million years old and currently 9.6 R🜨 large. It will become a 3-5 R🜨 planet in about 1 billion years, because the planet is still contracting. TOI-1227 b orbits its host star every 27.36 days.

    TOI-813 is a bright subgiant G-type star located 858 light-years away from planet Earth. It is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. TOI-813 has a mass of 1.32 solar masses, a radius of 1.95 solar radii and a luminosity of 4.3 times the solar luminosity.

    TOI-4603 b is a gas giant exoplanet orbiting HD 245134, a F-type subgiant star located 731 light-years away, in the constellation of Taurus. It orbits its host star at a distance of 0.0888 astronomical units (13,280,000 km), completing one orbit every 7 days around it. With a density of 14.1 g/cm3, it is one of the densest exoplanets known. The planet is just 4% larger than Jupiter, but is 12.9 times more massive, being located in the mass limit between planets and brown dwarfs.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Montalto, M.; Malavolta, L.; Gregorio, J.; Mantovan, G.; Desidera, S.; Piotto, G.; Nascimbeni, V.; Granata, V.; Manthopoulou, E. E.; Claudi, R. (January 2022). "TIC 257060897b: An inflated, low-density, hot-Jupiter transiting a rapidly evolving subgiant star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 509 (2): 2908–2919. arXiv: 2110.00489 . Bibcode:2022MNRAS.509.2908M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2923. ISSN   0035-8711.
    2. Davis, Margaret (12 October 2021). "NASA Discovered "Hot Jupiter" Exoplanet, Bigger But Less Massive Than Solar System's Largest Planet". Science Times. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
    3. "★ TIC 257060897". Stellar Catalog. Retrieved 2024-04-09.