Teacup

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Teacups on matching saucers Five Piece Tea Service with Chrysanthemum Design LACMA M.2006.132.10a-i.jpg
Teacups on matching saucers
A tea bowl without a handle Small black and green CUP no handle.JPG
A tea bowl without a handle

A teacup is a cup for drinking tea. It generally has a small handle that may be grasped with the thumb and one or two fingers. It is typically made of a ceramic material and is often part of a set which is composed of a cup and a matching saucer or a trio that includes a small cake or sandwich plate. These may be part of a tea set combined with a teapot, cream jug, covered sugar bowl, and slop bowl. Teacups are often wider and shorter than coffee cups. Cups for morning tea are conventionally larger than cups for afternoon tea.

Contents

Higher quality teacups are typically made of fine white translucent porcelain and decorated with patterns. Some collectors acquire numerous one-of-a-kind cups with matching saucers. Such decorative cups may be souvenirs of a location, person, or event.

In Europe, fine porcelain tea cups, such as French Limoges porcelain from a kaolin base heated in ovens or Chinese porcelain, were a luxury for enjoying tea time. These cups are made with a handle and are paired with a saucer in a set and often feature hand painted decoration and gold or silver patterns, especially lining the rim and the handle.

In the Chinese culture teacups are very small and hold between 20 and 50 ml of liquid. They are designed to be used with Yixing teapots or Gaiwan. [1] In Russian-speaking and West Asian cultures influenced by the Ottoman Empire tea is often served in a faceted glass held in a separate metal container with a handle, called a zarf in Turkish and Arabic, the podstakannik being its Russian cousin. [2]

History

The teacup and saucer originated in China at the time of the near-simultaneous introduction of tea and porcelain. The original teacup design did not have a handle or a saucer. At some point a ring-shaped cupholder appeared to protect the fingers and eventually evolved into a saucer. [3] The cups in 17th century were tiny, with the width about 2¼ inches across at the top,1¼ at the bottom, and the depth of 1½ inches. The saucers measured 4½ inches across. The European manufacturers initially copied the handle-less Oriental designs [4] exported from the Japanese port of Imari or from the southern Chinese port of Canton (part of the Canton System, 1757-1842), now Guangzhou. The teacup handles were introduced in the West in the early 19th century. [5] The handles originally became a feature of chocolate drinking cups in the 17th century, while teacups were still handle-less. [6]

Teacup plates originated in England in the early 1800s and provided a rest for the cup and a space for a light snack, went out of fashion in the second half of the 19th century.

Culture

A small-scale research was done by Yang et al. in 2019 to test the influence of the teacup shape on the expert evaluation of the tea taste. Significant variations were found, [7] lending some support to the "you eat with your eyes" concept. [8]

Unicode codepoints U+1F375🍵TEACUP WITHOUT HANDLE [9] and U+26FECUP ON BLACK SQUARE [10] portray a teacup. U+2615HOT BEVERAGE is often rendered as a teacup. [11] [12] [13]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teaspoon</span> Kind of spoon

A teaspoon (tsp.) is a small spoon that can be used to stir a cup of tea or coffee, or as a tool for measuring volume. The size of teaspoons ranges from about 2.5 to 7.3mL. For dosing of medicine and, in places where metric units are used, for cooking purposes, a teaspoonful is defined as 5mL, and standard measuring spoons are used.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teapot</span> Vessel for preparing and serving tea

A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in boiling or near-boiling water and serving the resulting infusion called tea. It is one of the core components of teaware.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mug</span> Type of cup

A mug is a type of cup, a drinking vessel usually intended for hot drinks such as: coffee, hot chocolate, or tea. Mugs usually have handles and hold a larger amount of fluid than other types of cups such as teacups or coffee cups. Typically, a mug holds approximately 250–350 ml (8–12 US fl oz) of liquid. A mug-shaped vessel much larger than this tends to be called a tankard.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zarf</span> Holder for a coffee cup without a handle

A zarf is a cup holder, usually of ornamented metal, for a coffee cup without a handle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demitasse</span> Small cup used to serve coffee

A demitasse, demi-tasse, or espresso cup is a small cup used to serve espresso. It may also refer to the coffee served in such a cup, though that usage had disappeared in France by the early 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tea strainer</span>

A tea strainer is a type of strainer that is placed over or in a teacup to catch loose tea leaves.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saucer</span> Type of small dishware

A saucer is a type of small dishware. While in the Middle Ages a saucer was used for serving condiments and sauces, currently the term is used to denote a small plate or shallow bowl that supports a cup – usually one used to serve coffee or tea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tableware</span> Items used for setting a table and serving food

Tableware items are the dishware and utensils used for setting a table, serving food, and dining. The term includes cutlery, glassware, serving dishes, serving utensils, and other items used for practical as well as decorative purposes. The quality, nature, variety and number of objects varies according to culture, religion, number of diners, cuisine and occasion. For example, Middle Eastern, Indian or Polynesian food culture and cuisine sometimes limits tableware to serving dishes, using bread or leaves as individual plates, and not infrequently without use of cutlery. Special occasions are usually reflected in higher quality tableware.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Korean tea ceremony</span>

The Korean tea ceremony is a traditional form of tea ceremony practiced in Korea. Darye literally refers to "etiquette for tea" or "tea rite" and has been kept among Korean people for over a thousand years. The chief element of the Korean tea ceremony is the ease and naturalness of enjoying tea within an easy formal setting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coffee cup</span> Tableware product

A coffee cup is a cup for serving coffee and coffee-based drinks. There are three major types: conventional cups used with saucers, mugs used without saucers, and disposable cups. Cups and mugs generally have a handle. Disposable paper cups used for take-out sometimes have fold-out handles, but are more often used with an insulating coffee cup sleeve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tea set</span> Collection of teaware and utensils

A tea set or tea service is a collection of matching teaware and related utensils used in the preparation and serving of tea. The traditional components of a tea set may vary between societies and cultures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gongfu tea</span> Chinese tea ceremony

Gongfu tea or kung fu tea, literally "making tea with skill", is a traditional Chinese tea preparation method sometimes called a "tea ceremony". It is probably based on the tea preparation approaches originating in Fujian and the Chaoshan area of eastern Guangdong. The term Gongfu (工夫) in Chaoshan dialect means the technique is meticulous, subtle, graceful and exquisite as well as needs some patience and practices to make it perfect. The practice involves using smaller brewing vessels and a more potent leaf-to-water ratio than in Western-style brewing. Today, the approach is used popularly by teashops carrying tea of Chinese or Taiwanese origin, and by aficionados and trained masters as a way to fully realize the taste of a tea selection, especially a finer one.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tibetan cuisine</span> Culinary traditions of Tibet

Tibetan cuisine includes the culinary traditions and practices of the Tibetan people in the Tibet region. The cuisine reflects the Tibetan landscape of mountains and plateaus and includes influences from neighbors. It is known for its use of noodles, goat, yak, mutton, dumplings, cheese, butter, yogurt, and soups. Vegetarianism has been debated by religious practitioners since the 11th century but is not prevalent due to the difficulty of growing vegetables, and cultural traditions promoting consumption of meat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red Rose Tea</span> Canadian beverage company

Red Rose Tea is a beverage company established by Theodore Harding Estabrooks in 1890 in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. Estabrooks began his career in trade imports and exports, and soon moved specifically to the tea trade. Realizing the inconsistency in loose leaf servings, Estabrooks began packaging his tea leaves into single-serving bags to ensure quality and consistency in every teacup.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yixing clay teapot</span> Ancient Chinese vessel used for the preparation of tea

Yixing clay teapots, also called Zisha teapot, are made from Yixing clay. This traditional style commonly used to brew tea originated in China, dating back to the 15th century, and are made from clay produced near Yixing in the eastern Chinese province of Jiangsu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cup plate</span>

Cup plates are coasters that provide a place to rest a tea cup while leaving space for a light snack. Teacup plates originated in England in the early 1800s and went out of fashion in the second half of the 19th century, with a brief reappearance in the first third of the 20th century as bridge sets. The cup plates were in common use in the United States during the first half of the 19th century, and were a precursor of the very specialized dishes of Victorian era: ice cream sets, berry sets, lemonade sets, etc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tea in the United Kingdom</span> Use of tea in the United Kingdom

Since the 17th century, the United Kingdom has been one of the world's largest tea consumers, with an average annual per capita supply of 1.9 kilograms (4.2 lb). Originally an upper-class drink in Europe, tea gradually spread through all classes, eventually becoming a common drink. It is still considered an important part of the British identity and is a prominent feature of British culture and society.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian tea culture</span> Use of tea in Russia

Tea is an important part of Russian culture. Due in part to Russia's cold northern climate, it is today considered the de facto national beverage, one of the most popular beverages in the country, and is closely associated with traditional Russian culture. Russian tea is brewed and can be served sweet, and hot or cold. It is traditionally taken at afternoon tea, but has since spread as an all day drink, especially at the end of meals, served with dessert. A notable aspect of Russian tea culture is the samovar, which was widely used to boil water for brewing until the middle of the 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cup</span> Small container for drinks

A cup is an open-top vessel (container) used to hold liquids for drinking, typically with a flattened hemispherical shape, and often with a capacity of about 100–250 millilitres (3–8 US fl oz). Cups may be made of pottery, glass, metal, wood, stone, polystyrene, plastic, lacquerware, or other materials. Normally, a cup is brought in contact with the mouth for drinking, distinguishing it from other tableware and drinkware forms such as jugs. They also most typically have handles, though a beaker has no handle or stem, and small bowl shapes are very common in Asia.

<i>Trembleuse</i> Cup and extra-secure saucer

A trembleuse, tasse trembleuse or chocolate cup, is a pottery drinking cup and saucer with the saucer given a raised holding area, called the "gallery", in which the cup sits more securely than in the normal style. The saucer therefore becomes more of a cup holder than the normal shallow near-plate.

References

  1. "www.yixing.co.uk". Archived from the original on 2018-11-03. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
  2. Bissett, Annie. "Zarf". JSTOR   community.28074849.
  3. Ukers 1935, p. 447-448.
  4. Ukers 1935, p. 448.
  5. Robards, Julie Robinson (12 November 2012). "Tea cups steeped in rich history". Press-Republican. Retrieved 2023-01-13.
  6. Jamieson 2001, pp. 285–286.
  7. Yang, Peng & Hsu 2019, p. 15.
  8. Yang, Peng & Hsu 2019, p. 2.
  9. "The Unicode Standard, Version 10.0: Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs, Range: 1F300–1F5FF" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  10. "The Unicode Standard, Version 10.0: Miscellaneous Symbols, Range: 2600–26FF" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  11. "☕ Hot Beverage Emoji". Emojipedia. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  12. "Unicode Utilities: Character Properties". unicode.org. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  13. "HOT BEVERAGE (U+2615) Font Support". fileformat.info. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.

Sources