| Telekia speciosa | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Telekia |
| Species: | T. speciosa |
| Binomial name | |
| Telekia speciosa (Schreb.) Baumg. | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Telekia speciosa, also known as the heart-leaved oxeye or yellow oxeye, is a species of flowering plant within the family Asteraceae. [2]
Telekia speciosa is a herbaceous perennial, [3] which can grow up to 2 metres tall. Leaves are green, triangular, doubly-serrate and long-petioled. Plant leaves can range from 10 to 4 cm long. The leaves are also glabrous on their surface and possess hairs on the undersides. Younger ovate stem leaves are sessile. Plants will bloom from early summer to early autumn. Flowers are hosted on slender stems. Flowers appear daisy-like with ragged yellow petals. [4] [5] [6]
This species is native to much of Europe, where it can be found in: Albania, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine, Slovakia, Bulgaria [7] and North Macedonia. [8] It is also native to the Baltic states, North and South Caucasus and Central and Northwest European Russia. [7]
Within Europe Telekia speciosa has been introduced outside of its natural range into the countries of: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Norway, Poland, Sweden and Switzerland. [7] It has also been introduced into the United States, Canada and Japan. [9]
Telekia speciosa is an adaptable species which can grow in a wide range of different habitats. It is often found growing in damp, shaded, nitrogen rich woodland. [10] It has also been known to grow in forests, [11] glades, [12] meadows [10] and mountainous habitats. [13] It is also frequently found growing in damp soil on the banks of lakes, rivers [13] and streams. [14] It is also associated with heavily disturbed habitats such as wasteland. [10] This species has evolved to grow well in partial shaded environments. Plants will grow in full sun, but can suffer foliage necrosis during drought. Plants growing in full shade are stunted. [15] It grows best in damp clay soils, which are free of calcium carbonate, [15] however it can grow in sandy, loam or even chalk soils. [4] The species grows at elevations ranging from 300 to 1700 metres above sea level. [16] T. speciosa is sold and sometimes used as an ornamental plant in gardens outside of its natural range. [17]
The flowers of Telekia speciosa are used by a large variety of pollinating insects including various species of bee, butterfly and hoverfly. [18] Butterflies such as the European peacock ( Aglais io ), the common swallowtail ( Papilio machaon), the green-veined white ( Pieris napi ) and the high brown fritillary ( Argynnis adippe ) have been recorded to feed from the flower of T. speciosa. [19] Bee species such as the bumblebee ( Bombus semenoviellus ) [20] also pollinate the flowers of T. speciosa.
The seeds of T. speciosa are consumed by seed eating birds such as goldfinch ( Carduelis carduelis ) and other finch species. [21]
Telekia speciosa is the food plant of the aphid species Uroleucon telekiae , [22] which is monophagous and feeds from no other plant species.
The fungi Golovinomyces cichoracearum , which causes powdery mildew and Coleosporium telekiae , which causes rust can both infect T. speciosa. [23]
Leucanthemum vulgare, commonly known as the ox-eye daisy, oxeye daisy, dog daisy, marguerite and other common names, is a widespread flowering plant native to Europe and the temperate regions of Asia, and an introduced plant to North America, Australia and New Zealand.
Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant. It is native to southern Canada and much of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies. It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds. It grows in sandy soils as well as other kinds of soils in sunny areas.
Butterfly gardening is a way to create, improve, and maintain habitat for lepidopterans including butterflies, skippers, and moths. Butterflies have four distinct life stages—egg, larva, chrysalis, and adult. In order to support and sustain butterfly populations, an ideal butterfly garden contains habitat for each life stage.
Dalea searlsiae, commonly known as Searls' prairie clover, is a perennial legume species belonging to the Dalea genus. The species is found through arid regions of the southwestern United States and can survive in low moisture conditions. The species forms symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria that can improve soil nutrient levels. Its large inflorescence attracts many species of pollinators, and it lacks toxins found in similar legume species. As a result, the species has been considered for use in rangeland restoration and revegetation projects.
Leucadendron discolor is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It is threatened by habitat loss. In English the plant is known as the Piketberg Conebush and in Afrikaans as the Rooitolbos. L. discolor is a slow growing perennial. Growth of the root system and propagation, from a seed to the plant's first flower, can take up to two years. The male L. discolor 'Sunset' flowers exuberantly during early spring exposing a colorful flower head during this time.The flower head is composed of a dome-like receptacle, and is densely covered with small male flowers. These plants are only able to reproduce after their third year of life.
Asclepias fascicularis is a species of milkweed known by the common names narrowleaf milkweed and Mexican whorled milkweed. It is a perennial herb that grows in a variety of habitats.
Asclepias speciosa is a milky-sapped perennial plant in the dogbane family (Apocynaceae), known commonly as the showy milkweed and is found in the western half of North America.
Narcissus triandrus, also known as the Angel's Tears daffodil, is a species of flowering plant within the family Amaryllidaceae.
Vandenboschia speciosa, synonym Trichomanes speciosum, commonly known as the Killarney fern, is a species of fern found widely in Western Europe. It is most abundant in Ireland, Great Britain, Brittany, Galicia, Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores, but is also found in other locations including France, Spain, Portugal and Italy. It is a relict endemic European species with a disjunct distribution, having had a much wider distribution before the climate changes of the Tertiary and Quaternary periods.
Asterocampa celtis, the hackberry emperor, is a North American butterfly that belongs to the brushfooted butterfly family, Nymphalidae. It gets its name from the hackberry tree upon which it lays its eggs. The hackberry tree is the only host plant for A. celtis and is the food source for larvae.
Geranium potentilloides, belongs to the family Geraniaceae, and is a small prostrate perennial herb that can grow up to 60cm high. The species is commonly referred to as Soft Cranesbill or Cinquefoil geranium.
Richea scoparia is a species of plant endemic to Tasmania. The genus Richea, forms part of the Ericaceae family, which are commonly heath-like shrubs. The name refers to the erect bushy growth habit, described as a broom-like shrub, most commonly referred to as the honey bush or simply scoparia to many bushwalkers.
Primula sieboldii, the Japanese primrose, is a species of primrose that is endemic to East Asia. The species goes by common names such as Siebold's primrose, cherry blossom primrose, Japanese woodland primroseSnowflake, Geisha girl, Madam butterfly and the Japanese primrose which also applies to the related species Primula japonica.
The Kas Plateau Reserved Forest, also known as the Kaas Pathar, is a plateau situated 25 kilometres west from Satara city in Maharashtra, India. It falls under the Sahyadri Sub Cluster of the Western Ghats, and it became a part of a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site in 2012.
Ecological speciation is a form of speciation arising from reproductive isolation that occurs due to an ecological factor that reduces or eliminates gene flow between two populations of a species. Ecological factors can include changes in the environmental conditions in which a species experiences, such as behavioral changes involving predation, predator avoidance, pollinator attraction, and foraging; as well as changes in mate choice due to sexual selection or communication systems. Ecologically-driven reproductive isolation under divergent natural selection leads to the formation of new species. This has been documented in many cases in nature and has been a major focus of research on speciation for the past few decades.
Sildalcea campestris is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family known by the common name meadow checker-mallow. It is native only to portions of western Oregon, in the Pacific Northwest region of North America.
Asparagus prostratus, also known as wild asparagus, is a species of flowering plant from the genus Asparagus and family Asparagaceae.
Uroleucon telekiae is a species of aphid from the family Aphididae.
Primula heucherifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae.
A pollinator garden is a type of garden designed with the intent of growing specific nectar and pollen-producing plants, in a way that attracts pollinating insects known as pollinators. Pollinators aid in the production of one out of every three bites of food consumed by humans, and pollinator gardens are a way to offer support for these species. In order for a garden to be considered a pollinator garden, it should provide various nectar producing flowers, shelter or shelter-providing plants for pollinators, and avoid the use of pesticides.
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