The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956 film)

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The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Hunchback1957.jpg
French theatrical release poster
Directed by Jean Delannoy
Written by
Based on The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
1831 novel
by Victor Hugo
Produced by
Starring
Cinematography Michel Kelber
Edited by Henri Taverna
Music by
Production
company
Distributed by Cocinor
Release date
  • December 19, 1956 (1956-12-19)
[1]
Running time
115 minutes
Countries
  • Italy
  • France
Language French
Budget$2 million [2]
Box office$2.25 million (US and Canadian rentals) [3]

The Hunchback of Notre Dame (in French Notre-Dame de Paris) is a 1956 French-Italian CinemaScope film version of Victor Hugo's 1831 novel, directed by Jean Delannoy and produced by Raymond Hakim and Robert Hakim. It stars American actor Anthony Quinn and Italian actress Gina Lollobrigida. The film is the first version of the novel to be made in color.

Contents

In the tradition of many sword and sandal spectacles, Quinn and Lollobrigida are the only two actors in the film who actually speak in English; the rest of the cast is made up of French actors who have had their voices dubbed into English. In the French version both Quinn and Lollobrigida speak French.

Anthony Quinn's portrayal of the hunchback Quasimodo is less disfigured than most other portrayals. Instead of having a huge hump and a hideously deformed face, he only has a small curve in his spine and a slightly deformed face.

The film is one of the few adaptations to use Victor Hugo's original ending; although Esmeralda is killed by a stray arrow rather than hanged. Esmeralda's last words were: "Life is wonderful" ("C'est beau, la vie"). A voiceover narration tells us at the end that several years afterward, an excavation group finds the skeletons of Quasimodo and Esmeralda intertwined in an embrace.

Plot

In Paris, Pierre Gringoire watches a crowd of hecklers ridicule his play. Clopin Trouillefou, the leader of the Roma, interrupts the play and disperses the crowd to attend the Feast of Fools, where Esmeralda performs an exotic dance. Claude Frollo becomes infatuated with her, and orders Quasimodo, his servant and the hunchbacked bellringer of the Notre Dame cathedral, to destroy their rituals. Shortly after, Quasimodo is crowned the King of the Fools and paraded throughout the streets. By nighttime, Frollo removes Quasimodo from the festivities. As they return home, Frollo orders Quasimodo to abduct Esmerelda. Quasimodo traps Esmeralda, but he is arrested by soldiers under the command of Captain Phoebus. He takes Esmeralda to an inn where he hopes to sleep with her but she leaves.

Meanwhile, Gringoire is taken to the Court of Miracles and is sentenced to hang unless a woman is willing to marry him. Esmeralda arrives and agrees to marry him to spare his life. The next day, Quasimodo is flogged for the attempted kidnapping as Frollo practices alchemy to determine how to create gold. As Quasimodo begs the crowd for water, Esmeralda arrives and feeds him a vase of water. Quasimodo is later freed, and Frollo is angered when he learns Gringoire has married Esmeralda. As Frollo approaches her when she spells out Phoebus's name, he accuses Esmeralda of witchcraft.

Phoebus arrives at the residence of Fleur-de-Lys de Gondelaurier, his fiancée, but agrees to meet Esmeralda at the inn later that night. Frollo learns about their meeting and spies from below as Phoebus and Esmeralda embrace. Phoebus throws out Esmeralda's knife, and a jealous Frollo stabs Phoebus in the back (though Phoebus survives). Esmeralda is charged with attempted murder and during her trial, the innkeeper and a dwarf accuse her of sorcery but attest to seeing a dark-hooded figure outside. Esmeralda is escorted to the dungeon, and under torture, she confesses to stabbing Phoebus.

As Esmeralda is given her final sacraments before her execution, Quasimodo swings down, grabs and carries her into the cathedral balcony where she is granted sanctuary. Esmeralda wakes up and is initially repulsed by Quasimodo, who has fallen in love with her. He hands her a whistle to use whenever she is in trouble. Frollo, now consumed with guilt, returns to the balcony where he learns Esmeralda is still alive. There, Esmeralda deduces Frollo had stabbed Phoebus, and alerts Quasimodo with the whistle. Quasimodo comes to her aid, and Frollo leaves.

The next day, Quasimodo and Esmeralda bond, but she is elevated when she sees Phoebus down below. She calls to him and sends Quasimodo to have Phoebus meet with her. Phoebus declines her request, to which Quasimodo retrieves a bouquet of flowers claiming they are from Phoebus. However, Esmeralda does not believe him. Elsewhere, Frollo meets with King Louis XI, who consults with a prisoner on the Crown's authority to remove Esmeralda's right to sanctuary.

Clopin rallies the Roma people to storm Notre-Dame and rescue Esmeralda. Quasimodo mistakes the Roma for the king's soldiers and throws stones and pours molten wax down the cathedral's drainage system, burning several in the process. By dawn, Esmeralda runs down to the entrance and the mob breaks through the door. Esmeralda is retrieved, but the king's soldiers shoot arrows at the Roma, killing Clopin and Esmeralda. Quasimodo grieves over Esmeralda's death, and when Frollo arrives, he angrily throws him off the balcony. Shortly after, Quasimodo finds Esmeralda's corpse and lays beside her to die. Two years later, as the guards attempt to separate their skeletons, the bones crumble into dust.

Cast

Production

Allied Artists invested $1,250,000 in the film. [4]

Reception

Box office

The film was the biggest grosser in Paris in the 1956–1957 season with a gross of $603,000 [5] on admissions of 1,064,061. [6] It had the third most admissions in France for films released in 1956 with 5,687,222 admissions. [7]

The film earned rentals of $2.25 million in the United States and Canada. [3]

Comic book adaptation

References

  1. 1 2 Notre-Dame de Paris Musique de Georges Auric. Sortie le 19 décembre 1956 // cinema-francais
  2. "It's a Crisis". Variety. 20 June 1956. p. 6.
  3. 1 2 "Top Grossers of 1957". Variety. 8 January 1958. p. 30 via Internet Archive.
  4. "Allied Artists". Variety. 19 October 1955. p. 6.
  5. "Yank Pix High on Paris List of Hit Films". Variety. June 19, 1957. p. 15. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
  6. "Notre-Dame de Paris". JP's Box Office. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
  7. "Les Entrees En France Anee 1956". JP's Box Office. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
  8. "Dell Four Color #854". Grand Comics Database.
  9. Dell Four Color #854 at the Comic Book DB (archived from the original )