The Hymenochaetales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order in its current sense is based on molecular research and not on any unifying morphological characteristics. According to one 2008 estimate, the Hymenochaetales contain around 600 species worldwide, mostly corticioid fungi and poroid fungi, but also including several clavarioid fungi and agarics. Species of economic importance include wood decay fungi in the genera Phellinus and Inonotus sensu lato, some of which may cause losses in forestry. Therapeutic properties are claimed for Inonotus obliquus ("chaga") and Phellinus linteus, both of which are now commercially marketed.
Chaenotheca is a genus of lichenized fungi within the family Coniocybaceae. The sexual reproduction structures are a mass of loose ascospores that are enclosed by a cup shaped exciple sitting on top of a tiny stalk, having the appearance of a dressmaker's pin, hence the common name pin lichen. Genus members are also commonly called needle lichens.
Trametes versicolor – also known as Coriolus versicolor and Polyporus versicolor – is a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Meaning 'of several colors', versicolor reliably describes this fungus that displays a variety of colors. For example, because its shape and multiple colors are similar to those of a wild turkey, T. versicolor is commonly called turkey tail. A similar looking mushroom, commonly called false turkey tail, which is from a different order, may sometimes be confused with the turkey tail mushroom due to appearance. Another lookalike is the multicolor gill polypore.
Arceuthobium abietinum is a species of dwarf mistletoe known as fir dwarf mistletoe. It is native to western North America from Washington to New Mexico to northern Mexico, where it lives in coniferous forests as a parasite on various species of fir, particularly white fir, giant fir, and red fir. This is a small shrub which is visible as a network of scaly yellowish stems extending above the bark of its host tree. Most of the mistletoe is located inside the host tree, attached to it via haustoria, which tap the tree for water and nutrients. The leaves of the mistletoe are reduced to knobby scales on its surface. It is dioecious, with male and female mistletoe plants producing spikes of staminate and pistillate flowers, respectively. The fruit is a sticky berry a few millimeters long which explodes to disperse the seeds it contains several meters away from the parent plant and its host tree.
Trichaptum is a genus of poroid fungi. The genus was circumscribed by American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill in 1904. Formerly classified in the family Polyporaceae, several molecular studies have shown that the genus belongs to the order Hymenochaetales.
Phaeophacidium is a genus of fungi in the Rhytismatales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family.
Skeletocutis is a genus of about 40 species of poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, although most species are found in the Northern Hemisphere. It causes a white rot in a diverse array of woody substrates, and the fruit bodies grow as a crust on the surface of the decaying wood. Sometimes the edges of the crust are turned outward to form rudimentary bracket-like caps.
Dendroctonus rufipennis, the spruce beetle, is a species of bark beetle native to British Columbia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Northern Manitoba, the Yukon, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, and Maine. They are known to destroy forests of spruce trees including Engelmann, White, Sitka, and Colorado blue spruce. Adults average 4 to 7 mm in length.
Fern moss may refer to several varieties of moss that produce feathery fronds and can form a moss carpet across grass or bare patches of ground:
Kari Korhonen is a Finnish mycologist and forest pathologist, known for his studies of fungi causing root rot.
Corneroporus is a fungal genus in the family Bankeraceae. It is monotypic, containing the single species Corneroporus subcitrinus, found in Malaysia. This fungus was originally described in the genus Boletopsis by mycologist E. J. H. Corner in 1989.
Cinara pilicornis, the spruce shoot aphid or brown spruce shoot aphid, is an aphid species in the genus Cinara found on Norway spruce and Sitka spruce. It is a quite large aphid species with a plump, dull brown body. It seems to have little effect on the tree. It is a European species but it has also been reported in spruce forests in New Zealand, together with the spruce aphid.
Peridermium is a genus of rust fungi in the family Cronartiaceae.
Trichaptum imbricatum is a species of fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It is distinguished by its imbricate basidiocarps, white to cream hymenophores, small and regular pores, and scattered and thin-walled cystidia. It was first isolated from China.
Trichaptum podocarpi is a species of fungus in the order Hymenochaetales. It differs from species in its genus by having totally resupinate basidiocarps, distinctly long cystidia, and in its habitat on Podocarpus. It was first isolated from China.
Calicium glaucellum is a crustose lichen that is found growing on trees throughout much of the world.
Skeletocutis kuehneri is a species of poroid crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was described as new to science by Alix David in 1982. The holotype was collected in France, where it was found growing on pine. It has been recorded from Norway, Finland, and Sweden, although it is rare in the Nordic countries. The fungus is a successor species, and prefers growing on pine that has been previously degraded by Trichaptum fungi, particularly T. abietinum.
Elatobium abietinum, commonly known as the spruce aphid or green spruce aphid, is a species of aphid in the subfamily Aphidinae that feeds on spruce, and occasionally fir. It is native to Northern, Central and Eastern Europe and has spread to Western Europe, North America and elsewhere.
Elatobium is a genus of insects in the family Aphididae containing five species of aphids that feed on the foliage of trees.
Brachysporium is a genus of anamorphic fungi in the family Trichosphaeriaceae. It has 25 species. The genus was circumscribed in 1886 by Pier Andrea Saccardo, with Brachysporium obovatum assigned as the type species. The genus Cryptadelphia, circumscribed in 2004 to contain six presumed teleomorphs of Brachysporium, has since been placed in synonymy with Brachysporium.
