Tripodichthys

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Tripodichthys
Tripodichthys blochii 01 - Cartimar.jpg
Tripodichthys blochii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Tetraodontiformes
Family: Triacanthidae
Genus: Tripodichthys
J. C. Tyler, 1968
Type species
Triacanthus blochii
Bleeker, 1852

Tripodichthys is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthidae, the triplespines or tripodfishes. The three species in this genus are found in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean in shallow water over soft substrates.

Contents

Taxonomy

Tripoichthys was first proposed as a genus in 1968 by the American ichthyologist James C. Tyler with Triacanthus blochii designatedas its type species. [1] T. blochii had originally been described in 1852 by the Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker with its type locality given as Singapore. [2] Tripodichthys is vlassified within the family Triacanthidae and, in 1968, Tyler classified this family within the suborder Triacanthoidei alongside the Triacanthodidae. [3] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the Triacanthoidei as suborder of the order Tetraodontiformes. [4]

Species

Tripodichthys currently contains the following three valid species: [5]

Etymology

Tripodichthys suffixes the Greek word for "fish", -ichthys onto tripodis, which means a tripod, as it was envisioned that the fish rested on the subtrate using the two spines in the pelvic fin and the lower lobe of the caudal fin. The specific name of the type species honours Marcus Elieser Bloch, the describer of Triacanthus biaculeatus which was thought to be a congeneric with T. blochii. The specific name of T. angustifrons means "narrow forehead" and refers to this species thinner snout than Triacanthus brevirostris , its assumed congener. The third species has the specific name oxycephalus, meaning "sharp head", an allusion to the long, pointed head. [6]

Characteristics

Tripodichthys tripodfishes are characterised by having a scale covered part of the pelvis which tapers towards the rear. The second spine in the dorsal fin is clearly less than half the kength of the first spine and the base of the dorsal fins have a total length which is 1.5 to 1.7 times longer than the base of the anal fin. The scales have a low, cruciform ridge on them. In T. oxycephalus the pelvis is wide between bases of the pelvic fin spines and the caudal peduncle is short. In the other two species the pelvis is thin between the bases of the pelvic fin spines and they have a long caudal peduncle. In T. agustifrons the membrane of the spiny dorsal fin is typically dark between the first four spines, there are 22-24 soft rays in the second dorsal fin and 18-19 in the anal fin. In T. blochii the spiny dorsal fin has a pale membrane, there are 20-24 soft rays in the second dorsal in and 13-15 in the anal fin. [7] These fishes have maximum published total lengths of 20 cm (7.9 in), in the case of T. angustifrons and T. oxtcephalus, and 15 cm (5.9 in) in T. blochii. [5]

Distribution and habitat

Tripodichthys tripodfishes are found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. T. angustifrons has been recorded from Indonesia and northern Australia, T. blochii from the South China Sea and Indonesia, with strays recorded in China and Japan, while T. oxycephalus from the Bay of Bengal, South China Sea and Arafura Sea. [8] They are found at depths down to 50 m (160 ft) over sand and mud substrates. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tetraodontiformes</span> Order of fishes

Tetraodontiformes, also known as the Plectognathi, is an order of ray-finned fishes which includes the pufferfishes and related taxa. This order has been classified as a suborder of the order Perciformes, although recent studies have found that it, as the Tetraodontoidei, is a sister taxon to the anglerfish order Lophiiformes, called Lophiodei, and have placed both taxa within the Acanthuriformes. The Tetraodontiformes are represented by 10 extant families and at around 430 species overall. The majority of the species within this order are marine but a few may be found in freshwater. They are found throughout the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Triacanthidae</span> Family of fishes

Triacanthidae, the triplespines or tripodfishes, is a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Tetraodontiformes, whicj also includes the pufferfishes, boxfishes, filefishes and related groups. The family is made up of four extant genera and three extinct genera which are known from fossils.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spikefish</span> Family of fishes

The spikefishes are ray-finned fishes related to the pufferfishes and triggerfishes. They live in deep waters; more than 50 m (160 ft), but above the continental shelves. They are found in the Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and the west-central Pacific.

<i>Pseudotriacanthus</i> Genus of fishes

Pseudotriacanthus is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthidae, the triplespines or tripodfishes. The only species in this genus is Pseudotriacanthus strigilifer, the longspined tripodfish. This taxon is found in the Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Triacanthus</i> Genus of fishes

Triacanthus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthidae, the triplespines or tripodfishes. The two species in this genus are found in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

Trixiphichthys, is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthidae, the triplespines or tripodfishes. The only species in this genus is Trixiphichthys weberi, the blacktip tripodfish or longnosed tripodfish. This taxon is found in the Indo-West Pacific region.

Bathyphylax is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. The fishes in this genus are found in the deep waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Macrorhamphosodes</i> Genus of fishes

Macrorhamphosodes, the trumpetsnouts, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. The fishes in this genus are found in the deep waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Mephisto fraserbrunneri, the devil's spikefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. This species is found in the Indian Ocean.

<i>Parahollardia</i> Genus of fishes

Parahollardia is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. These demersal fishes are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Paratriacanthodes</i> Genus of fishes

Paratriacanthodes is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. These fishes are found found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Triacanthodes</i> Genus of fishes

Triacanthodes is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. These fishes are found found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Tydemania navigatoris, the fleshy-lipped spikefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. This species is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans where it occurs at depths of from 50 to 607 metres. This species grows to a length of 12 centimetres (4.7 in) SL. This fish is specialized to feed on the scales of other fishes. This species is the only known member of the genus Tydemania.

<i>Triacanthus biaculeatus</i> Species of fish

Triacanthus biaculeatus, also known as the short-nosed tripod fish, black-finned triple-spine, blacktail tripodfish, hollow-snouted tripodfish or silver tripodfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthidae, the triplespines or tripodfishes. This species is found in the Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Triacanthodes ethiops</i> Species of fish

Triacanthodes ethiops, the shortsnout spikefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. This species is found in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.

<i>Paratriacanthodes retrospinis</i> Species of fish

Paratriacanthodes retrospinis, the sawspine spikefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Triacanthus nieuhofii</i> Species of fish

Triacanthus nieuhofii, the silver tripodfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthidae, the triplespines or tripodfishes. This species is found in the Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Triacanthodes anomalus</i> Species of fish

Triacanthodes anomalus, the red spikefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. This species is found in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Triacanthoidei</span> Suborder of fishes

Triacanthoidei is a suborder of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Tetraodontiformes, which includes the pufferfishes, triggerfishes and related taxa. These benthic fishes are mainly found in the Indian Ocean with some of the spikefishes found in the Western Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Triacanthodinae</span> Subfamily of fish

Triacanthodinae is a subfamily of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. This subfamily comprises nine genera and a total of nineteen species and all, except one species, are found in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific. The exception is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

References

  1. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Triacanthidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  2. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Tripodichthys". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  3. ↑ Franceso Santini; James C. Tyler (2003). "A phylogeny of the families of fossil and extant tetraodontiform fishes (Acanthomorpha, Tetraodontiformes), Upper Cretaceous to Recent". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 139 (4): 565–617. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2003.00088.x.
  4. ↑ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 518–526. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  5. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Tripodichthys". FishBase . June 2024 version.
  6. ↑ Christopher Scharpf (27 August 2024). "Order TETRAODONTIFORMES: Families TRIODONTIDAE, TRIACANTHIDAE, TRIACANTHODIDAE, DIODONTIDAE and TETRAODONTIDAE". Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  7. ↑ K. Matsuura (2001). "Tetraodontiformes". In Carpenter, K.E. and Niem, V.H. (eds.). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles, sea turtles, sea snakes and marine mammals (PDF). Rome: FAO. pp. 3905–3910.
  8. ↑ Matsuura, K. (2014). "Taxonomy and systematics of tetraodontiform fishes: a review focusing primarily on progress in the period from 1980 to 2014". Ichthyological Research. 62 (1): 72–113. Bibcode:2015IchtR..62...72M. doi: 10.1007/s10228-014-0444-5 .
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