Tropical Storm Odile (2008)

Last updated

Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

A tropical wave emerged off the west coast of Africa on September 23, and merged with the southern end of a decaying frontal system over the Caribbean Sea. [1] The combined disturbance gradually split, with the northernmost section eventually becoming Tropical Storm Marco. [1] The southernmost end moved into the eastern Pacific, which then immediately showed signs of organization. [1] [2] The system stalled just south of El Salvador throughout October 5, [1] where it came under the influence of strong vertical wind shear. [3] [4] The circulation slowly drifted east-northeastward and became absorbed by a neighboring tropical wave, with the broad resultant low re-curving to the west-northwest. [4] In response to relaxing shear aloft, convection redeveloped around the newly formed center of circulation. [1] [5] It subsequently acquired a sufficiently organized structure and post-analysis found that a tropical depression formed at around 1200  UTC on October 8. [1] [6] Upon developing, the depression was designated as Sixteen-E about 120 mi (195 km) south-southwest of San Salvador, El Salvador, [1] and operationally, advisories were initiated at 2100 UTC — 9 hours after post-analytic estimates of formation. [7]

Despite being in an area with favorable conditions, lack of inner core organization proved difficult for rapid deepening to occur, and initially, model guidance did not forecast any significant strengthening. [6] Contrary to expectations, satellite imagery showed a gradual increase in organization later that evening. Bands of convection deepened in the southern quadrant, indicating that the storm was steadily strengthening. [8] Located just to the south of a large mid-level ridge over Mexico, the system was steered toward the west-northwest, proceeding within a favorable environment. [1] [8] Based on the improved appearance on satellite imagery, it is estimated the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Odile at 0600 UTC on October 9 about 330 mi (530 km) southeast of Puerto Ángel, Mexico. [1] [9] Shortly after attaining tropical storm status, Odile began to develop a small area of central dense overcast, and upper-level cirrus outflow became well-defined within the western semicircle of the storm. [10] Convective banding organized to the south and southwest of the circulation, leading Dvorak T-numbers to estimate an intensity of at least 50 mph (80 km/h). Based on this estimate, the NHC noted a high chance of further intensification into a minimal hurricane. [10] Odile maintained its intensity, as upper-level outflow of the circulation was reduced to the northeast. [11] Although wind shear initially dislocated the circulation from the main convection, a large burst of convection allowed Odile to intensify slightly further to peak winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) at around 0600 UTC on October 10. [1] [12] [13] [14]

Tropical Storm Odile at peak intensity on October 10 Tropical Storm Odile 2008-10-10 1736Z.jpg
Tropical Storm Odile at peak intensity on October 10

Odile closely paralleled the Mexican coastline. [15] The intensification did not last long, in fact, the convection associated with Odile diminished in the afternoon and its rainbands became rather distorted. [16] Another cluster of convection sprung up that evening, this time with cloud tops colder than −80 °C (−112 °F). [17] The circulation center was well embedded within the convection. [18] As a consequence of the slightly improved organization, Odile had a stronger interaction with the easterlies aloft, therefore increasing forward movement speed. [18] Later that day, a reconnaissance aircraft passed through Odile and observed a rather weak and disorganized tropical cyclone, resulting in meteorologists at the NHC to change its forecasts. [19] Early on October 12, Odile made its closest approach to coastline of Mexico, only about 50 mi (80 km) offshore of Guerrero, Mexico. [1] Increasing southeasterly vertical wind shear took toll on the system. [20] Furthermore, around 0600 UTC, NHC confirmed that Odile weakened into a tropical depression. [1] The last advisory regarding Odile was issued later that day stating that it has subsequently degenerated into a remnant low-pressure area, a swirl of low-level clouds. [21] The remnants of Odile meandered slowly south-southwestward before completely dissipating on October 13. [1]

Preparations and impact

Tropical Storm Odile shortly before losing its intensity Tropical Storm Odile 2008-10-11 1545Z.jpg
Tropical Storm Odile shortly before losing its intensity

Throughout Odile's existence, the National Weather Service of Mexico declared several tropical storm watches and warnings for the Pacific coast of Mexico spanning from Jalisco to Oaxaca. [1] They were extended and discontinued as Odile progressed westward. [1] On October 11 at around 2 AM PDT, a hurricane watch was declared for the Pacific coast of Mexico from Tecpan de Galeana to Punta San Telmo. [22] Six hours later, the hurricane watch was adjusted and in effect for the coast from Zihuatanejo to Manzanillo. [23] They were all discontinued later that day as the chance of Odile becoming a hurricane diminished. [24]

On October 8, blue alerts were declared for 118 municipalities in Chiapas following the minimal threat of tropical storm-force impact. [25] [26] The civil defense system in the state of Chiapas warned that the storm could leave up to 5.9 in (150 mm) of rainfall. [25] Shippings were closed in the Port of Chiapas, leaving over 3,000 boats stranded ashore on October 9. [27] Flooding in Acapulco forced officials to close schools on October 10. [28] [29] Meanwhile, the state government reported that 232 police were ready to provide assistance to citizens in advance of Odile. [28] Civil defense officials in the state of Guerrero ordered about 10,000 people to evacuate their homes. [29] On October 11, a yellow alert were declared for the state of Michoacán, where the civil defense committee also announced that the shelters were opened for schools in the municipality of Lázaro Cárdenas and the towns of Playa Azul and Guacamayas. [30] Ports in Lázaro Cárdenas were also closed later that day. [30]

On October 10, about 4.8 in (120 mm) of rainfall were accumulated in the city of Acapulco. [31] The torrential rainfall caused flooding which damaged more than 100 houses, with two of them completely destroyed. [32] [33] Excess floodwater collapsed walls and covered roads with mud that reached as much as 2.3 ft (0.70 m). [32] Nearly 150 homes were inundated with 13 ft (4.0 m) of water. [29] The flooding is also responsible for causing strong current that had swept away parked vehicles, downing of at least 16 trees and carrying debris to the main streets of the port. [32] [33] Odile also managed to cause damage toward the plumbing and sewage supplies of Acapulco, resulting no clean water access in about fifty communities of the suburban areas of Acapulco for several days. [34] The water levels of Papagayo River reached its maximum capacity, damaging electrical supplies. [34] In Michoacán, strong winds resulted 30 downed trees and the collapse of 5 power poles, leaving 10 minutes without electricity for a large part of the city. [35]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2001 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 2001 Pacific hurricane season was a relatively near-average Pacific hurricane season which produced sixteen named storms, though most were rather weak and short-lived including one unnamed tropical storm which was operationally recognized as a tropical depression, the first such occurrence since 1996. Only eight hurricanes formed and two major hurricanes. The season officially began on May 15 in the East Pacific Ocean, and on June 1 in the Central Pacific; they ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific basin. However, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Javier (2004)</span> Category 4 Eastern Pacific hurricane in 2004

Hurricane Javier was a powerful tropical cyclone whose remnants brought above-average rainfall totals across the western United States in September 2004. Javier was the tenth named storm, the sixth hurricane and the final major hurricane of the 2004 Pacific hurricane season. Javier was also the strongest hurricane of the 2004 season, with 150 mph (240 km/h) winds and a central pressure of 930 millibars. However, because of high wind shear in the East Pacific, Javier weakened rapidly before making landfall in Baja California as a tropical depression. The remnants of the storm then continued moving northeast through the Southwestern United States. Javier caused no direct fatalities, and the damage in Mexico and the United States was minimal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 2012 Pacific hurricane season was a moderately active Pacific hurricane season that saw an unusually high number of tropical cyclones pass west of the Baja California Peninsula. The season officially began on May 15 in the eastern Pacific Ocean, and on June 1 in the central Pacific (from 140°W to the International Date Line, north of the equator; they both ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in these regions of the Pacific Ocean. However, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year. This season's first system, Tropical Storm Aletta, formed on May 14, and the last, Tropical Storm Rosa, dissipated on November 3.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Lester (1998)</span> Category 3 Pacific hurricane in 1998

Hurricane Lester was a small but powerful tropical cyclone that caused heavy flooding in Central America and southern Mexico in October 1998. Lester was the fifteenth tropical cyclone, twelfth named storm and eighth hurricane of the 1998 Pacific hurricane season. Lester originated from a tropical wave that emerged off the coast of Africa on September 29. Under favorable conditions, the storm was classified as a tropical depression on October 15. The depression was upgraded to a tropical storm later that day and a hurricane on October 16. After undergoing fluctuations in intensity, Lester reached peak winds of 115 mph (185 km/h), a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. After several days, it degenerated into a tropical storm on October 26, and dissipated shortly after. The hurricane made its closest approach to land on October 28, producing moderate winds and heavy rainfall. A mudslide triggered by the precipitation killed two children, although damage is unknown.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Norman (2006)</span> Pacific tropical storm in 2006

Tropical Storm Norman was a weak tropical cyclone that brought heavy rainfall to southwestern Mexico in October 2006. The fifteenth named storm of the 2006 Pacific hurricane season, Norman developed on October 9 from a tropical wave well to the southwest of Mexico. Unfavorable conditions quickly encountered the system, and within two days of forming, Norman dissipated as its remnants turned to the east. Thunderstorms gradually increased again, as it interacted with a disturbance to its east, and on October 15 the cyclone regenerated just off the coast of Mexico. The center became disorganized and quickly dissipated, bringing a large area of moisture which dropped up to 6 inches (150 mm) of rainfall to southwestern Mexico. Rainfall from the storm flooded about 150 houses, of which 20 were destroyed. One person was injured, and initially there were reports of two people missing due to the storm; however, it was not later confirmed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Kiko (2007)</span> Pacific tropical cyclone

Tropical Storm Kiko was a strong tropical storm that capsized a boat off the western coast of Mexico, killing at least 15 people. The 15th and final tropical cyclone of the 2007 Pacific hurricane season, Kiko developed out of a tropical wave that formed off the coast of Africa on September 26 and traversed the Atlantic. The wave crossed over Central America and entered the Pacific Ocean on October 8, where it spawned Tropical Depression 15-E on October 15. The depression drifted to the south over the next day before briefly being declared Tropical Storm Kiko. It subsequently weakened into a tropical depression, but later reattained tropical storm intensity. By October 18, Kiko was forecast to make landfall along the western Mexican coastline as a moderate tropical storm. However, the cyclone turned to the west and reached its peak intensity of 70 mph (110 km/h) on October 20. The tropical storm slowly weakened to a remnant low-pressure area by October 24 and completely dissipated on October 27 without making landfall.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Hernan (1996)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 1996

Hurricane Hernan was fourth and final tropical cyclone to strike Mexico at hurricane intensity during the 1996 Pacific hurricane season. The thirteenth tropical cyclone, eighth named storm, and fifth hurricane of the season, Hernan developed as a tropical depression from a tropical wave to the south of Mexico on September 30. The depression quickly strengthened, and became Tropical Storm Hernan later that day. Hernan curved north-northwestward the following day, before eventually turning north-northeastward. Still offshore of the Mexican coast on October 2, Hernan intensified into a hurricane. Six hours later, Hernan attained its peak as an 85 mph (140 km/h) Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (SSHWS). After weakening somewhat, on 1000 UTC October 3, Hurricane Hernan made landfall near Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h). Only two hours after landfall, Hernan weakened to a tropical storm. By October 4, Tropical Storm Hernan had weakened into a tropical depression, and dissipated over Nayarit on the following day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Lester (2004)</span> Pacific tropical storm in 2004

Tropical Storm Lester was a weak tropical storm that paralleled the Mexican coastline in October 2004. The sixteenth tropical cyclone and twelfth named storm of the 2004 Pacific hurricane season, Lester originated from an area of disturbed weather that persisted southwest of the Gulf of Tehuantepec. After organizing, the system was designated as a tropical depression on October 11. The depression was upgraded to a tropical storm the next day, and moved northwestward, just off the Mexican coastline. Due to the interaction with land among other factors, the storm degenerated on October 13. The storm dropped locally heavy rainfall, which caused minor flooding and mudslides. No fatalities or significant damage were reported.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Depression Five-E (2008)</span> Pacific tropical depression in 2008

Tropical Depression Five-E was a tropical depression which made landfall along the south-western Mexican coastline in July 2008. It was the fifth tropical cyclone of the 2008 Pacific hurricane season. The depression developed out of a weak tropical wave which formed off the coast of Africa on June 23. The wave remained poorly organized throughout its journey through the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. The wave entered the Eastern Pacific on July 2 after passing through Central America. The wave developed into an area of low pressure that afternoon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Barbara (2013)</span> Pacific hurricane in 2013

Hurricane Barbara was the easternmost landfalling Pacific hurricane on record. As the first hurricane of the 2013 Pacific hurricane season, Barbara developed from a low-pressure area while located southeast of Mexico on May 28. It headed slowly north-northeastward and strengthened into a tropical storm early on the following day. After recurving to the northeast, Barbara intensified into a Category 1 hurricane on May 29 and made landfall in Chiapas at peak intensity with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a barometric pressure estimated at 983 mbar. When the hurricane made landfall, it was the second earliest landfalling hurricane in the basin since reliable records began in 1966. Barbara then moved across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and dissipated within the mountainous terrain of Sierra Madre de Chiapas on May 30.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Carlos (2003)</span> Pacific tropical storm in 2003

Tropical Storm Carlos was the first of five tropical cyclones to make landfall during the 2003 Pacific hurricane season. It formed on June 26 from a tropical wave to the south of Mexico. It quickly strengthened as it approached the coast, and early on June 27 Carlos moved ashore in Oaxaca with winds of 65 mph (105 km/h). The storm rapidly deteriorated to a remnant low, which persisted until dissipating on June 29. Carlos brought heavy rainfall to portions of southern Mexico, peaking at 337 mm (13.3 in) in two locations in Guerrero. Throughout its path, the storm damaged about 30,000 houses, with a monetary damage total of 86.7 million pesos. At least nine people were killed throughout the country, seven due to mudslides and two from river flooding; there was also a report of two missing fishermen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Rick (2009)</span> Category 5 Pacific hurricane in 2009

Hurricane Rick was the third-most intense Pacific hurricane on record and the second-most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2009, only behind Typhoon Nida. Developing off the southern coast of Mexico on October 15, Rick traversed an area with favorable environmental conditions, favoring rapid intensification, allowing it to become a hurricane within 24 hours of being declared a tropical depression. An eye began to form during the afternoon of October 16; once fully formed, the storm underwent another period of rapid strengthening. During the afternoon of October 17, the storm attained Category 5 status on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Several hours later, Rick attained its peak intensity as the third-strongest Pacific hurricane on record with winds of 180 mph (290 km/h) and a barometric pressure of 906 mbar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017 Pacific hurricane season</span> Hurricane season in the Pacific Ocean

The 2017 Pacific hurricane season was an above average Pacific hurricane season in terms of named storms, though less active than the previous three, featuring eighteen named storms, nine hurricanes, and four major hurricanes. Despite the considerable amount of activity, most of the storms were weak and short-lived. The season officially started on May 15 in the eastern Pacific Ocean, and on June 1 in the central Pacific; they both ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the respective regions. However, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year, as illustrated in 2017 by the formation of the season's first named storm, Tropical Storm Adrian, on May 9. At the time, this was the earliest formation of a tropical storm on record in the eastern Pacific basin proper. The season saw near-average activity in terms of accumulated cyclone energy (ACE), in stark contrast to the extremely active seasons in 2014, 2015, and 2016; and for the first time since 2012, no tropical cyclones formed in the Central Pacific basin. However, for the third year in a row, the season featured above-average activity in July, with the ACE value being the fifth highest for the month. Damage across the basin reached $375.28 million (2017 USD), while 45 people were killed by the various storms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Beatriz (2011)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2011

Hurricane Beatriz was a Category 1 hurricane that killed four people after brushing the western coast of Mexico in June 2011. The second named storm and hurricane of the 2011 Pacific hurricane season, Beatriz originated from an area of disturbed weather on June 19, several hundred miles south of Mexico, and gradually intensified. Gaining latitude, the system became increasingly organized and reached hurricane status on the evening of June 20. The following morning, Beatriz attained winds of 90 mph (150 km/h) as it passed roughly 15 mi (20 km) of Mexico. Due to its interaction with land, the hurricane abruptly weakened hours later. Early on June 22, Beatriz dissipated over open waters. Prior to Beatriz's arrival in Mexico, hurricane watches and warnings were issued for coastal areas. Hundreds of shelters opened across the states of Colima and Guerrero. Heavy rains from the storm triggered significant flooding along the Sabana River in Acapulco, killing four people. However, the overall effects of Beatriz were limited and the rains were largely beneficial in mitigating a severe drought.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Adrian (2011)</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane in 2011

Hurricane Adrian was an intense, albeit short-lived early-season Category 4 hurricane that brought heavy rainfall and high waves to Mexico in June 2011 during the 2011 Pacific hurricane season. Adrian originated from an area of disturbed weather which had developed during the course of early June, off the Pacific coast of Mexico. On June 7, it acquired a sufficiently organized structure with deep convection to be classified as a tropical cyclone, and the National Hurricane Center (NHC) designated it as Tropical Depression One-E, the first one of 2011. It further strengthened to be upgraded into a tropical storm later that day. Adrian moved rather slowly; briefly recurving northward after being caught in the steering winds. After steady intensification, it was upgraded into a hurricane on June 9. The storm subsequently entered a phase of rapid intensification, developing a distinct eye with good outflow in all quadrants. Followed by this period of rapid intensification, it obtained sustained winds fast enough to be considered a major hurricane and reached its peak intensity as a category 4 hurricane that evening.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Don (2011)</span> Atlantic tropical storm in 2011

Tropical Storm Don was the first tropical cyclone to make landfall in the United States during the 2011 season. The fourth named storm of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season, Tropical Storm Don formed from an area of low pressure along a tropical wave, Don developed into a tropical depression on July 27, and on that same day, was upgraded to tropical storm intensity, based on data from a reconnaissance aircraft noted the presence of tropical-storm-force winds. It tracked across the Gulf of Mexico and reached a peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h) before moving ashore in Texas on July 30 as a tropical depression, dissipating shortly afterwards. Initially, Don was expected to provide relief to the state, which was suffering from a major drought. However, the system dissipated rapidly just before making landfall, providing very little in the way of help to the state; rainfall totals were less than 1 in (25 mm).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Ernesto (2012)</span> Category 2 Atlantic hurricane in 2012

Hurricane Ernesto was a Category 2 hurricane and a damaging tropical cyclone that affected several Caribbean Islands and areas of Central America during August 2012. The fifth named storm and second hurricane of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season, Ernesto originated from a tropical wave that emerged off the west coast of Africa in late July. Moving westward, the system developed into a tropical depression in the central Atlantic, and further into a tropical storm prior to entering the Caribbean Sea. The system encountered high wind shear south of Jamaica but subsequently reached its peak intensity as a Category 2 hurricane as it made landfall on the Yucatán Peninsula. Ernesto briefly emerged in the Bay of Campeche as a strong tropical storm before dissipating over the mountainous terrain of Mexico. The remnant circulation emerged in the eastern Pacific basin, contributing to the formation of Tropical Storm Hector.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Raymond (2013)</span> Category 3 Pacific hurricane in 2013

Hurricane Raymond was the only major hurricane in the eastern Pacific in 2013 and briefly threatened the southwestern coast of Mexico before recurving back out to sea. The seventeenth named storm and eighth hurricane of the annual cyclone season, Raymond developed from a tropical wave on October 20 south of Acapulco, Mexico. Within favorable conditions for tropical cyclogenesis, Raymond quickly intensified, attaining tropical storm intensity and later hurricane intensity within a day of cyclogenesis. On October 21, the hurricane reached its peak intensity with winds of 125 mph (205 km/h). A blocking ridge forced the hurricane to the southwest, while at the same time Raymond began to quickly weaken due to wind shear. The following day, the tropical cyclone weakened to tropical storm status. After tracking westward, Raymond reentered more favorable conditions, allowing it to intensify back to hurricane strength on October 27 while curving northward. The hurricane reached a secondary peak intensity with winds of 105 mph (165 km/h) several hours later. Deteriorating atmospheric conditions resulted in Raymond weakening for a final time, and on October 30, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) declared the tropical cyclone to have dissipated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Max (2017)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2017

Hurricane Max was a rapidly-forming tropical cyclone that made landfall in southwestern Mexico, causing minor damage. The sixteenth tropical cyclone, thirteenth named storm, and seventh hurricane of the 2017 Pacific hurricane season, Max developed from a trough of low pressure near the southwestern coast of Mexico on September 13. The storm tracked northeastward under the influence of a mid-level ridge and rapidly strengthened as a result of warm ocean temperatures in its path. Max strengthened into a hurricane on September 14 and peaked as a high-end Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale shortly before making landfall in the Mexican state of Guerrero. Rapid weakening ensued as Max moved over the mountainous terrain of Mexico, and it weakened below hurricane strength early on September 15. At 12:00 UTC that day, Max dissipated over the mountains of southern Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Ileana (2018)</span> Pacific tropical cyclone

Tropical Storm Ileana was a small tropical cyclone that affected western Mexico in early August 2018, causing deadly flooding. The eleventh tropical cyclone and ninth named storm of the 2018 Pacific hurricane season, Ileana originated from a tropical wave that the National Hurricane Center began monitoring on July 26 as the wave left the west coast of Africa. The wave traveled across the Atlantic Ocean with no thunderstorm activity, before crossing into the Eastern Pacific Ocean early on August 4. Rapidly developing, the disturbance organized into a tropical depression on the evening of the same day. Initially, the depression was well-defined, but it soon degraded due to northerly wind shear. Despite the unfavorable conditions, the system began to strengthen on August 5, becoming Tropical Storm Ileana. A day later, on August 6, Ileana began to develop an eyewall structure as it reached its peak intensity with winds of 65 mph (100 km/h) and a pressure of 998 mbar (29.47 inHg). The storm gradually became intertwined with the nearby Hurricane John; over the next day, the circulation of John disrupted Ileana before ultimately absorbing it on August 7.

References

* The dates are in UTC

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 John L. Beven II (November 19, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
  2. ↑ Wally Barnes (October 4, 2008). "Tropical Weather Discussion 2205Z UTC, Saturday, October 4, 2008". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-11.
  3. ↑ Wally Barnes (October 6, 2008). "Tropical Weather Discussion 1605Z UTC, Monday, October 6, 2008". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-11.
  4. 1 2 Todd Kimberlain (October 7, 2008). "Tropical Weather Discussion 1005 UTC, Tuesday, October 7, 2008". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-12.
  5. ↑ Todd Kimberlain (October 8, 2008). "Tropical Weather Discussion 1005Z UTC, Wednesday, October 8, 2008". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-12.
  6. 1 2 Richard Pasch (October 8, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-13.
  7. ↑ Richard Pasch (October 8, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Public Advisory Number 1". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-13.
  8. 1 2 Jack Beven (October 9, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 2". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-13.
  9. ↑ Lixion Avila (October 9, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 3". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-14.
  10. 1 2 Richard Pasch (October 9, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 4". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2010-11-14.
  11. ↑ Richard Pasch (October 9, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 5". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
  12. ↑ Jack Beven (October 10, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 6". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
  13. ↑ Stacy Stewart (October 10, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 7". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
  14. ↑ Stacy Stewart (October 10, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Public Advisory Number 7". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
  15. ↑ James Franklin (October 10, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 8". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-07.
  16. ↑ James Franklin (October 10, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 9". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-07.
  17. ↑ Jack Beven (October 11, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 10". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-07.
  18. 1 2 James Franklin (October 11, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 11". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-07.
  19. ↑ Lixion Avila (October 11, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 13". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-08.
  20. ↑ Dave Roberts/Richard Pasch (October 12, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 15". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-08.
  21. ↑ Lixion Avila/James Franklin (October 12, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Forecast Discussion Number 17 (Final)". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-09.
  22. ↑ James Franklin (October 11, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Public Advisory Number 11". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  23. ↑ Lixion Avila (October 11, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Public Advisory Number 12". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  24. ↑ Lixion Avila (October 11, 2008). "Tropical Storm Odile Public Advisory Number 13". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  25. 1 2 Óscar Gutiérrez (2008-10-09). "Declaran alerta azul en 118 municipios de Chiapas" (in Spanish). El Universal . Retrieved 2010-11-14.
  26. ↑ "Alerta Huracanes" (in Spanish). Bomberos y Protección Civil de Quntana Roo IAP. Archived from the original on 2014-01-02. Retrieved 2011-05-09.
  27. ↑ Gladys Rodríguez and Peters María de Jesús (2008-10-10). "'Norbert' y 'Odile' azotan al Pacífico" (in Spanish). El Universal . Retrieved 2010-10-14.
  28. 1 2 Mariana L. Labastida (2008-10-10). "Suspenden clases y cierran la navegación por la evolución a huracán de la tormenta Odile" (in Spanish). El Sur Acapulco. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-09.
  29. 1 2 3 "Huracán Norbert toca tierra en Baja California" (in Spanish). Informador.com.mx. Associated Press. 2008-10-11. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  30. 1 2 Rafael Rivera Millán (2008-10-11). "Mantienen alerta en Michoacán ante proximidad de Odile" (in Spanish). El Universal . Retrieved 2011-05-08.
  31. ↑ "Meteorological history for Acapulco, Mexico, October 10, 2008". Weather Underground. 2008-10-10. Retrieved 2011-05-20.
  32. 1 2 3 Citial Giles Sanchez (2008-10-11). "Las lluvias de Odile dejan serios daños e inundaciones en Acapulco" (in Spanish). La Jornada Guerrero. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  33. 1 2 Notimex (2008-10-11). "Tormenta 'Odile' deja daños materiales en Acapulco" (in Spanish). Noticieros televisa. Retrieved 2011-05-16.
  34. 1 2 Cindy Pacheco Palacios (2008-10-11). "Autoridades emiten alerta; el fenómeno se intensificará" (in Spanish). La Jornada Guerrero. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  35. ↑ Rafael Rivera Millán (2008-10-11). "Toca Odile litoral michoacano" (in Spanish). El Universal . Retrieved 2011-05-16.
Tropical Storm Odile
Tropical Storm Odile 2010-10-09 1652Z.jpg
Tropical Storm Odile intensifying on October 9
Tropical cyclones of the 2008 Pacific hurricane season
2008 Pacific hurricane season summary map.png
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.