Tryella

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Tryella
Tryella graminea.JPG
Tryella graminea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Hemiptera
Family:
Cicadidae
Genus:
Tryella

Moulds, 2003
Type species
Tryella ochra

Tryella is a genus of 14 species of cicada found in Australia and New Guinea. For many years, the members were classified in the genus Abricta . However, recent review of the genus has shown it to be a disparate group of species, and the Australian members moved to other genera. S.M. Moulds conducted a morphological analysis of the genus and found the cicadas split naturally into clades according to biogeographical region. Of the 15 Australian species, the floury baker was the earliest offshoot. Unpublished data confirmed it was quite genetically distant from the other 14 species and so it was classified in a new monotypic genus Aleeta , while the others were placed in the genus Tryella. The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek tryelis "ladle" and relates to the ladle-shaped uncal lobes of the species in the genus. [1]

Contents

The group are commonly called bullets, the name derived from markings behind their heads, which together with their compact bodies make them resemble bullets while in flight. [2]

Phylogenetic evidence supports Tryella and Aleeta as being the closest relatives to the famous periodical cicadas (genus Magicicada ) of North America despite being widely geographically separated from them. [3]

Species

The type species is Tryella ochra . Within the group, cladistic morphological analysis showed T. rubra to be the earliest offshoot within the genus. The relationships between other species was not able to be clarified. [1]

Distribution and habitat

The species are found across eastern, central and northern Australia, and southwestern New Guinea, predominantly on trees, especially eucalypti. [1]

Behaviour

Male Tryella cicadas call during the day and dusk. Adults emerge from pupation after monsoonal rain. [1] They characteristically sit facing downwards on branches, [2] of generally less than 5 cm (2.0 in) in diameter. [1] One species, T. graminea, is found on grass. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cicadinae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

The Cicadinae are a subfamily of cicadas, containing the translucent cicadas. They are robust cicadas and many have gaudy colors, but they generally lack the butterfly-like opaque wing markings found in many species of the related Tibiceninae.

<i>Aleeta curvicosta</i> Species of insect

Aleeta curvicosta is a species of cicada, one of Australia's most familiar insects. Native to the continent's eastern coastline, it was described in 1834 by Ernst Friedrich Germar. The floury baker is the only described species in the genus Aleeta.

Abricta is a genus of cicada found in Réunion, Mauritius, northeastern India, the Moluccas, New Caledonia and eastern Australia. They make a distinctive hissing sound when calling. Adult members of the genus usually face downwards on tree branches, and lay their eggs in living tissue. The genus was originally described by Carl Stål. The type species is Abricta brunnea from Mauritius and Reunion. However, recent review of the genus has shown it to be a disparate group of species, and the Australian members moved to other genera. S.M. Moulds conducted a morphological analysis of the genus and found the cicadas split naturally into clades according to biogeographical region. Of the 15 Australian species, the floury baker was the earliest offshoot. Unpublished data confirmed it was quite genetically distant from the other 14 species and so it was classified in a new monotypic genus Aleeta, while the others were placed in the genus Tryella.

Maxwell Sydney Moulds is an Australian entomologist. The majority of his books are written about Cicadas. Maxwell Sydney Moulds led a morphological analysis of the genus and discovered the cicadas separation naturally into clades according to biogeographical area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tryella graminea</span> Species of true bug

Tryella graminea, known as the Grass Buzzing Bullet, is a species of the genus Tryella. It has rounded thorax and short, hard wings. Forewing length is 20 to 27 mm. Tryella graminea inhabits in Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cicadettinae</span> Subfamily of cicada insects

Cicadettinae is a subfamily of cicadas in the family Cicadidae. About 230 genera and 1,200 described species are placed in the Cicadettinae.

Orapa is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in tropical Africa. About five described species are in Orapa. Orapa is the only genus of the tribe Orapini.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cicadettini</span> Tribe of cicada insects

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lamotialnini</span> Tribe of true bugs

Lamotialnini is a tribe of cicadas in the family Cicadidae. There are about 19 genera and at least 90 described species in Lamotialnini, occurring worldwide except South America.

Pagiphora is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in the western Palearctic. There are about five described species in Pagiphora.

Burbunga is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in Australia. There are about 11 described species in Burbunga.

Cicadmalleus is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in Indomalaya (Thailand). There is at least one described species in Cicadmalleus, C. micheli.

Distantada is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in the Mascarene Islands. There is at least one described species in Distantada, D. thomasseti.

Durangona is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae and the monotypic tribe Durangonini, found in South America.

Jassopsaltria is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in Australia. There is at least one described species in Jassopsaltria, J. rufifacies.

Lahugada is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in India. There is at least one described species in Lahugada, L. dohertyi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macrotristriini</span> Tribe of true bugs

Macrotristriini is a tribe of cicadas in the family Cicadidae. There are at least 2 genera and 20 described species in Macrotristriini, all found in Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oncotympanini</span> Tribe of true bugs

Oncotympanini is a tribe of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, found in China and southeast Asia. There are at least 3 genera and about 12 described species in Oncotympanini.

<i>Yoyetta</i> Genus of true bugs

Yoyetta is a genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae. The genus was erected in 2012 to accommodate nine Australian species previously assigned to the genus Cicadetta.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Moulds, Maxwell Sydney (2003). "An appraisal of the cicadas of the genus Abricta Stål and allied genera (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadidae)" (PDF). Records of the Australian Museum. 55: 245–304. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.55.2003.1386.
  2. 1 2 Popple, Lindsay (2006). "Genus Tryella Moulds, 2003 (Bullets)". The cicadas of central eastern Australia. University of Queensland. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
  3. ↑ Marshall, David C.; Moulds, Max; Hill, Kathy B. R.; Price, Benjamin W.; Wade, Elizabeth J.; Owen, Christopher L.; Goemans, Geert; Marathe, Kiran; Sarkar, Vivek; Cooley, John R.; Sanborn, Allen F. (2018-05-28). "A molecular phylogeny of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with a review of tribe and subfamily classification" . Zootaxa. 4424 (1): 1–64. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4424.1.1. ISSN   1175-5334.


Cicadettana calliope calliope male US.IL.QHR male dorsal view.jpg

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